Western Asia (so-called 'Near East' or 'Middle East' by colonial powers)



Democracy in the Middle East
Since 1948 democratic Israel: Since 1948 Israel, a country in Western Asia, located on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea, having land borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan on the east, the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and Gaza Strip to the east and west, and Egypt to the southwest, containing geographically diverse features within its relatively small area, as Israel's economic and technological center is Tel Aviv, while its seat of today's democratically elected government and proclaimed capital is Jerusalem, one of the oldest cities in the world as the part of Jerusalem called the 'City of David' shows first signs of settlement in the 4th millennium BCE in the Proto-Canaanite period
May 1948 declaration of the establishment of the democratic State of Israel: 14 May 1948 declaration of the establishment of the State of Israel by David Ben-Gurion, the Executive Head of the World Zionist Organization, Chairman of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, and soon the first PM of Israel, and official translation of the 14 May 1948 declaration, proclaiming the right of the Jewish people to national rebirth in its own country by survivors of the Nazi Holocaust in Europe, as well as Jews from other parts of the world - Basic Laws of Israel, the constitutional laws of the State of Israel, as some of them can only be changed by a supermajority vote in the Knesset (with varying requirements for different Basic Laws and sections), and as many of these laws are based on the individual liberties that were outlined in the 1948 'Israeli Declaration of Independence' - 'Jewish and democratic state' is the Israeli legal definition of the nature and character of the State of Israel
1948 Arab–Israeli War (1948–1949), known as Israeli 'War of Independence': 1948 Arab–Israeli War (1948–1949), known as the 'War of Independence', began after the UN Partition Plan and the subsequent 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine in November 1947, proposing the establishment of Arab and Jewish states in Palestine, rejected by Arab sates - absolute monarchies, constitutional monarchies, dictatorships, presidential 'republics' without full multi-party systems - while the Jews had accepted the plan
May 1949 Israel admitted as a member of the UN by majority vote: 11 May 1949: Israel was admitted as a member of the UN by majority vote, but, as of 2013, 32 UN member states do not recognize Israel and question or deny its legitimacy or right to exist, icluding 18 UN members in the Arab League, by name Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, Iraq, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, UAE, and Yemen, including 11 members of Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, by name Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Brunei, Chad, Guinea, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Mali, Niger, Pakistan, and further Bhutan, Cuba, and North Korea
Since 1948/1949 notable wars and violent events in the Arab–Israeli conflict: Since 1948/1949 notable wars and violent events in the Arab–Israeli conflict - Antisemitism in the Arab world increased greatly in the 20th century, related to the breakdown of the Ottoman Empire and traditional Islamic society, European influence, brought about by Western imperialism and Arab Christians, Nazi politics and propaganda, and the rise of Arab nationalism
2010/2011 Tunisian Revolution: December 2010 - January 2011 Tunisian Revolution, including a series of street demonstrations which led to the ousting of Ben Ali in January 2011, caused by high unemployment, food inflation, corruption, the lack of political freedoms (such as freedom of speech), poor living conditions, leading to a thorough democratisation of the country and later to free and democratic elections
Since 2010/2011 'Arab Spring': 'Arab Spring' - Middle East and North Africa protests and revolutions since 2010 - Women in the Arab Spring
Arab Winter, a term for the resurgence of authoritarianism and Islamic extremism evolving in the aftermath of the Arab Spring protests in Arab countries and the events across Arab League countries in the Mid-East and North Africa, including the Syrian Civil War, the Iraqi insurgency and the following civil war, the Egyptian Crisis, the Libyan Crisis, the Crisis in Yemen and the Crisis in Saudi-Arabia - Refugees of the Arab Winter - 13 February 2014: Fearful of 'Arab Spring'-inspired unrest, dictatorship countries and Gulf monarchies have stepped up repression and efforts to monitor and control the media, Reporters Without Borders says
Consequences of the 2011-present Assad's war against the Syrian people, Iraqi Civil War, Hezbollah's, Iranian, Russian and Turkish interventions: Consequences of the 2011-present Assad's, Russian and Iranian regime's war against the Syrian people - Consequences of the Iraqi Civil War 2014–present - Since 2011 spillover of the Syrian Civil War is the impact of the Syrian Civil War in the Arab world. Since the first protests during the Arab Spring, the increasingly violent Assad's war against the Syrian people has been both a proxy war for the major Middle Eastern powers, Turkey, Iran, later Putin's Russia, and a potential launching point for a wider regional war - Distant worldwide spillover locations
Since 2014 European refugee and migrant crisis: European refugee and migrant crisis, beginning in 2014/2015 characterised by high numbers of people arriving in the European Union from across the Mediterranean Sea or overland through Southeast Europe following Turkey's migrant crisis
Since 2014 Second Libyan Civil War: Since 2014 Second Libyan Civil War
Since 2015 Iranian regime backed Houthis' war in Yemen: Since 2015, when Iranian regime backed Houthis established their regime in Sana'a, war in Yemen until today
Since 2018 Turkish military intervention in Syria: Since 2018 Turkish military intervention in Afrin and Turkish occupation of northern Syria since 2019
2018–2020 Middle East and North Africa pro-democracy and economic protests: 2018–2020 Arab protests, massive anti-government protests in several Arab countries, including Algeria, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Sudan, Tunisia and Egypt, as economic protests also took place in the Gaza Strip, and sustained civil disobedience and protests in Sudan resulted in the overthrow of dictator Omar al-Bashir
January-Februay 2018 Tunisian economic protests: January-Februay 2018 Tunisian protests, after beginning in January protests erupted in multiple towns and cities across Tunisia over issues related to the cost of living and taxes, claiming at least one life in January, and reviving worries about the fragile political situation in Tunisia
May-June 2018 Jordanian economic protests: May-June 2018 Jordanian protests started with a general strike organized by more than 30 trade unions, as the government of Hani Mulki submitted a new tax law to Parliament, following IMF-backed austerity measures adopted by the government since 2016 that aimed to tackle Jordan's growing public debt, after its economy had taken a hit from the surrounding turmoil, from an influx of a large number of Syrian refugees into the country, and as Jordan also hosts a large contingent of Iraqi and Palestinian refugees, further straining its finances
Since December 2018 Sudanese Revolution and late-2019 Sudanese protests: Since December 2018 Sudanese Revolution, a major shift of political power in Sudan that started with street protests throughout Sudan in December 2018, and continued, with sustained civil disobedience against regime's vilolence and massacres, for about eight months, during which the 11 April 2019 Sudanese coup d'état deposed dictator al-Bashir after thirty years in power, until in July and August 2019 the TMC and the Forces of Freedom and Change alliance signed a Political Agreement and a Draft Constitutional Declaration legally defining a planned 39-month phase of transitional state institutions and procedures to return Sudan to a civilian democracy - Late-2019 Sudanese protests consist of street protests in Sudan starting from mid-September 2019 during the 2019 Sudanese transition to democracy, on issues that included the nomination of a new Chief Justice of Sudan and Attorney-General, killings of civilians by the Rapid Support Forces, the toxic effects of cyanide and mercury from gold mining in Northern state and South Kordofan, protests against a state governor in el-Gadarif and against show trials of Sudanese Professionals Association coordinators, and for officials of the previous government to be dismissed in Red Sea, White Nile, and South Darfur
6 January 2021 Sudan signs ‘Abraham Accords’ paving way for Israel normalization: 6 January 2021: Sudan signs ‘Abraham Accords’ in the Sudanese capital Khartoum, paving way for Israel normalization
Since Februay 2019 Algerian protests against undemocratic rule: Since Februay 2019 Algerian protests, six days after Abdelaziz Bouteflika announced his candidacy for a fifth presidential term, as protests, without precedent since the Algerian Civil War, have been peaceful and led the military to insist on Bouteflika's resignation in April 2019, and as ongoing protests call more and more for democracy, liberties and the rule of law, goals which many protests argue are unrealized and which continue to attract millions of Algerians into the street
March 2019 Gaza economic protests: March 2019 Gaza economic protests
September 2019 Egyptian protests against undemocratic rule: September 2019 Egyptian protests
Since October 2019 Iraqi protests against corruption, unemployment, inefficient public services, and Iranian intervention in Iraq: Since October 2019 Iraqi protests, an ongoing series of protests that consisted of demonstrations, marches, sit-ins and civil disobedience, first set by civil activists on social media, spreading over the central and southern provinces of Iraq, to protest 16 years of corruption, unemployment and inefficient public services, before they escalated into calls to overthrow the administration and to stop Iranian intervention in Iraq.
Since October 2019 Lebanese protests against economic and political crisis: Since October 2019 Lebanese protests, a series of country-wide, non-sectarian protests, motivated by the Lebanese government's failure to find solutions to an economic crisis that has been looming because of corruption, wasting public money and stealing governmental entities, as in the long term, they constitute a reaction against sectarian rule, stagnant economy, unemployment, endemic corruption in the public sector, legislation (such as banking secrecy) to shield the ruling class from accountability and failures from the government to provide basic services such as electricity, water and sanitation
Since November 2019 Iranian protests against increase in fuel prices and dictatorship: Since November 2019 Iranian protests, a series of civil protests occurring in multiple cities across Iran, initially from a 50%–200% increase in fuel prices, but soon including the outcry against the dictatorship in Iran and 'Supreme Leader' Ali Khamenei
December 2019 'the politicians corruption has stolen and ruined the future of our youth': 22 December 2019: 'The politicians corruption has stolen and ruined the future of our youth', reads a huge banner in Baghdad’s Tahrir Square, summing up the feeling across the Middle East and North Africa, as the 2011 Arab Spring uprisings were directed at long-ruling autocrats, the current economically driven uprisings are directed at an entire class of politicians and a system they say is broken and has failed to provide a decent life
December 2020 because of the failure of advanced capitalist powers 'Middle East' people say life has got worse since Arab spring: 17 December 2020: Life has got worse since Arab spring, say people across Middle East, as poll suggests a majority in 9 countries across the Arab world feel they are living in significantly more unequal societies today than before the Arab spring era of uprisings, civil wars and unsteady progress towards self-determination that commenced a decade ago in December 2010, and as pluralities in almost every country agreed their living conditions had deteriorated since 2010, when the self-immolation of Tunisian fruit seller Mohamed Bouazizi is credited with kicking off mass demonstrations and revolutions that spread across the region, and as new attempts and democratic opposition against medieval traditions paired with worst capitalist imports from Europe and elsewhere continued into 2019 with the overthrow of Sudan’s former dictator Omar al-Bashir and large protest movements in Lebanon, Algeria and Iraq and other regions
27 December 2020 Tunisian who sang duet with Israeli faces backlash, death threats: 27 December 2020: After Tunisian president Kais Saied, well-known for his hardline views on normalization, called establishing open ties with Israel 'treachery', Tunisian musician Nouman al-Shaari, who collaborated with Israeli singer Ziv Yehezkel on a song promoting religious tolerance between Muslims and Jews has faced serious backlash, including reportedly being fired from his job at a state broadcaster and death threats on social media, as song was penned by a Yemenite artist who wishes to remain anonymous for his own safety, as he lives in territory controlled by the pro-Iranian Houthi militias, as collaboration was arranged by the Arab Council for Regional Integration, which attempts to advance Arab-Israeli dialogue in the region, and as some fellow Tunisian artists, however, have come to the producer’s and musician's defense
28 June 2021 Palestinians protest for fifth day in West Bank after death of activist: 28 June 2021: Several hundred Palestinians took to the streets of Ramallah, Hebron and Bethlehem for the fifth consecutive day to protest against the treatment of Nizar Banat, a social and political activist, who died during an arrest by Palestinian authority’s forces in Hebron on 24 June, as crowds - waving Palestinian flags, pictures of Banat and calling for an end to Abbas’s 16-year rule - have been met with brutal force from both Palestinian security forces and men in plain clothes loyal to Abbas’s Fatah party, and as clubs, metal rods, teargas and the sexual assault of female protesters have been used to break up the demonstrations and stop reporters from documenting the events, according to the Palestinian journalists’ union
28 octobre 2023 l'ONU craint 'des milliers de morts civils en plus' en cas d'opération terrestre d'Israël: 28 octobre 2023: Des combats au sol se déroulent dans la bande de Gaza pilonnée sans relâche par l'armée israélienne trois semaines après le début de la guerre entre l'État hébreu et le Hamas. L'armée israélienne a annoncé avoir frappé le réseau souterrain du mouvement palestinien détruisant '150 cibles' au cours de la nuit, et l'ONU craint 'des milliers de morts civils en plus' en cas d'opération terrestre d'Israël, selon France24 en direct - 28 October 2023: Israel re-issues warning for civilians to evacuate northern Gaza after heaviest bombing of war so far, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
29 October 2023 Israeli military increases troop numbers inside Gaza amid air strikes: 29 octobre 2023: The Israeli army said on Sunday that it will be increasing troop numbers inside the Gaza Strip and reiterated calls for civilians in Gaza to move to the south of the besieged enclave, where it said humanitarian efforts will be increasing. The news came as internet and mobile services are gradually being reestablished after being cut off on Friday during intense Israeli bombardment, according to France24 with the latest updates - 29 October 2023: The Palestinian Red Crescent said on Sunday it has received warnings from Israeli authorities to immediately evacuate al-Quds hospital in the Gaza Strip, as it is 'going to be bombarded', 13.10 CET WHO 'deeply concerned' by report of evacuation warning to Gaza's al-Quds hospital, 18.06 CET International Criminal Court prosecutor Karim Khan has visited the Rafah border crossing this weekend and said that the ICC has 'active investigations ongoing in relation to the crimes, allegedly committed in Israel on the 7th of October and also in relation to Gaza and the West Bank', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
30 October 2023 Netanyahu says Israel will not agree to ceasefire in Gaza, as families of hostages in Hamas video say ‘we see you’: 30 October 2023: Netanyahu says Israel will not agree to ceasefire in Gaza, as families of hostages in Hamas video say ‘we see you’, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
31 October 2023 IDF says Israeli military killed main leader of combat’ for Hamas Ibrahim Biari: 31 October 2023: IDF spokesman Daniel Hagari says Israeli military killed Ibrahim Biari, who he said was ‘main leader of combat’ for Hamas, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
1 November 2023 rights violations against children ‘mounting by the minute’, says UN, as hundreds of foreign nationals leave Gaza: 1 November 2023: 17.52 CET fifteen Israeli soldiers were killed amid fierce fighting in Gaza in a series of incidents that have underlined the mounting challenges facing the Israel Defence Forces in their attempts to push further into built-up areas of Gaza, 18.42 CET the UN child rights committee has warned that 'grave' human rights violations against children are 'mounting by the minute' in the Gaza Strip, calling for an immediate ceasefire and adding 'there are no winners in a war where thousands of children are killed', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
2 November 2023 in the Israel-Hamas war, Israeli troops ‘at the height of battle’ after pushing through Gaza City outskirts: 2 November 2023: In the Israel-Hamas, Israeli troops ‘at the height of battle’ after pushing through Gaza City outskirts, 17.39 CET a total of 400 foreign passport holders as well as 60 severely wounded Palestinians were due to cross the Rafah crossing, as a list of those approved to travel showed hundreds of USA citizens and 50 Belgians along with smaller numbers from various European, Arab, Asian and African countries, and as Egypt said it eventually plans to help evacuate 7,000 foreigners through the Rafah crossing, marking a fraction of the 2.4 million people trapped in Gaza under weeks of bombardment, 18.18 CET hospitals in northern Gaza are acting as places of shelter for about 117,000 Palestinian people displaced from their homes since the war began, ActionAid said, 18.52 GMT Hamas’s armed wing, the al-Qassam brigades, said its fighters in southern Lebanon were behind the shelling of the northern Israeli town of Kiryat Shmona, where four rockets landed in an industrial area, injuring two people and damaging buildings, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
3 November 2023 UN refugees agency says it ‘cannot provide safety’ to 600,000 people in Gaza ‘sheltering under a UN flag’: 3 November 2023: UN refugees agency says it ‘cannot provide safety’ to 600,000 people in Gaza ‘sheltering under a UN flag’, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
4 November 2023 USA says Arab states agree Hamas-controlled status quo in Gaza cannot continue: 4 November 2023: 08.37 CE an Israeli drone has fired a missile at the Gaza house of Hamas chief Ismail Haniyeh, Reuters has said in a quick snap, citing the Hamas-affiliated Aqsa Radio, 16.24 CET the USA secretary of state, Antony Blinken said on Saturday both - USA and Arab states - believe the status quo of a Hamas-controlled Gaza cannot continue, and that he has discussed with his Arab counterparts how to chart a better path forward towards a two-state solution, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
5 November 2023 Netanyahu again rules out ceasefire until Hamas returns hostages: 5 November 2023: 15.44 CET Netanyahu again rules out ceasefire until Hamas returns hostages, as death toll in Gaza rises to 9,770, 17.41 CET UN’s 'World Food Programme' says aid 'nowhere near enough' to meet Gaza's humanitarian needs, issuing an appeal for urgent expanded access to Gaza as food supplies run 'dangerously low', 18.40 CET Palestinian telecoms firm Paltel said that Israel has once again cut internet and phone lines across Gaza on Sunday night, AFP reports, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
6 November 2023 protection of civilians 'must be paramount' in Hamas' war, UN says: 6 November 2023: 17.18 CET the deaths of scores of aid workers in airstrikes on Gaza over the past month has made the conflict the deadliest ever for UN workers. At least 88 people who worked for the UN’s agency for Palestinian refugees, UNRWA, have been killed since 7 October. Forty-seven of its buildings have been damaged. Separately, at least 150 health workers have been killed in Gaza – 16 while on duty – and 18 emergency-service workers for Gaza’s civil defence, according to the UN, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates - 6 November: UN's secretary general Guterres has said the protection of civilians 'must be paramount' in the conflict between Israel and Palestinian militants Hamas, warning that the Gaza Strip was becoming 'a graveyard for children'
7 November 2023 IDF says forces ‘fighting in the heart of Gaza City’ as Netanyahu says ‘Israel won’t stop’: 7 November 2023: IDF says forces ‘fighting in the heart of Gaza City’ as Netanyahu urges people in Gaza to move south 'because Israel will not stop', saying that he is in 'continuous contact' with Joe Biden and that Israel appreciates the support from him and the USA. He also says he is bringing leaders from around the world to show them 'the horror of horrors committed by Hamas', vowing to 'completely destroy' the abilities of Hamas to control the Gaza Strip, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
8 November 2023 IDF says Hamas has lost control of northern Gaza: 8 November 2023: 19.03 CET the Rafah border crossing between Gaza and Egypt has been closed due to an unspecified 'security circumstance', a USA state department spokesperson said, without providing additional details, 20.05 CET IDF spokesperson Daniel Hagari has said 'we saw 50,000 Gazans move from the northern Gaza Strip to the south. They are moving because they understand that Hamas has lost control in the north', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
9 November 2023 talks underway for a pause in military operations for hostage release: 9 November 2023: 06.14 CET 'We’re here as mothers, not as politicians', three Israeli women, fighting for their children’s lives and now also meeting diplomats, say - after their children were kidnapped from their Nir Oz kibbutz in the south of Israel and taken hostage in Gaza -, and now fighting for the lives of all children, caught up in the Hamas war against Israel, 05.50 CET the Gaza Strip faces an increased risk of disease spreading due to Israeli air bombardments that have disrupted the health system, access to clean water and caused people to crowd in shelters, the WHO warned on Wednesday, 07.12 CET negotiations are under way to reach a three-day humanitarian ceasefire in Gaza in exchange for the release of about a dozen hostages held by Hamas, according to officials/diplomats speaking on condition of anonymity to discuss sensitive diplomatic efforts, 12.23 GMT the president of Argentina Alberto Fernández has called for 'the immediate and unconditional' release of the estimated 240 hostages taken by Hamas, which include 21 Argentine citizens (the youngest of which is reportedly just nine-months-old), as at least 9 Argentine citizens - Argentina is home to Latin America’s largest Jewish community with about 180,000 Jews - were reportedly killed during the Hamas assault, and as citizens of Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru and Paraguay were also killed, 'The Guardian' reported with live updates
10 November 2023 destruction affecting Gaza hospitals ‘becoming unbearable’, as evacuations to Egypt suspended: 10 November 2023: 18.04 CET the International Committee of the Red Cross ICRC has warned that the healthcare system in Gaza has 'reached a point of no return' amid escalating violence that have 'severely' affected hospitals and ambulances working in the besieged Palestinian territory, 21.21 CET Israel has revised downwards the death toll from last month’s Hamas attacks in the south of the country from 1,400 to about 1,200, a foreign ministry spokesman said on Friday, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
11 November 2023 destruction affecting Gaza hospitals ‘becoming unbearable’, as evacuations to Egypt suspended: 11 November 2023: 12.05 CET ICRC 'shocked and appalled' by reports of situation at al-Shifa hospital, as ICRC's director general Robert Mardini said the 'unbearably desperate situation' must stop now and that patients and staff must be protected, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
12 November 2023 Hamas suspends hostage negotiations after Israeli military encircles al-Shifa hospital: 12 November 2023: 15.58 CET Hamas on Sunday said it was suspending hostage negotiations because of Israel’s handling of the al-Shifa hospital in Gaza, 18.18 CET 'Inside a darkened operating theatre in Gaza’s largest hospital complex, staff swaddled dozens of tiny premature babies eight to a bed, in a desperate effort to keep the infants warm – and alive. With no oxygen supplies or power for incubators, nurses attempted to provide what little care they could for 39 babies who were transferred from the neonatal unit in another part of the sprawling complex following a strike on Dar al-Shifa’s intensive care unit', according to Ruth Michaelson, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
13 November 2023 Joe Biden says Gaza’s al-Shifa hospital ‘must be protected’ amid heavy fighting outside: 13 November 2023: 18.28 CET the Hamas-run health ministry in Gaza has said 11,240 Palestinians have been killed within the Gaza Strip by Israeli military actions since 7 October, and that number includes 4,630 children and 3,130 women, 19.48 CET all of the hospitals in northern Gaza are no longer functioning amid fuel shortages and intense combat, according to Hamas-run health ministry, 21.02 CET Joe Biden has said that Gaza’s largest hospital 'must be protected' and called for 'less intrusive action' by Israeli forces. Hundreds of patients, including dozens of babies, remain trapped inside al-Shifa hospital in Gaza City, in the north of Gaza, as Israeli troops and Hamas militants take part in heavy fighting outside it. At least 32 patients, including three premature babies, had died over the past three days, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
14 November 2023 Biden administration says it has intelligence that Hamas was using Gaza hospital to run military operations: 14 November 2023: USA spokesperson John Kirby says intelligence showed Hamas used hospital to run military operations and probably to store weapons, saying this constituted a war crime, but underscored that the USA does not support strikes against hospitals, and that Hamas’ actions in the hospitals 'do not lessen Israel’s responsibilities to protect civilians', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
15 November 2023 Biden administration says it has intelligence that Hamas was using Gaza hospital to run military operations: 15 November 2023: 17.59 CET Israel’s former deputy PM Gideon Sa’ar has reportedly told the UK publication Jewish News that his country will agree to a temporary ceasefire in Gaza to facilitate the release of hostages held by Hamas, 19.43 CET the Jerusalem Post is reporting that the Israel Defense Forces found 'weapons and technological equipment' belonging to Hamas during Wednesday’s raid on the al-Shifa hospital in Gaza City, 20.14 CET USA security spokesman says USA didn't sign off on Israel’s raid on al-Shifa hospital on Wednesday, 15.22 EST members of the UN security council have just begun their meeting in New York to discuss and vote on a draft resolution from Malta calling for humanitarian pauses to the fighting in Gaza, and a stepping up of efforts to allow aid into the war-torn territory, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
16 November 2023 UN chiefs reject unilateral proposals to create ‘safe zones’ in Gaza: 16 November 2023: 18.22 CET the Indonesian hospital in northern Gaza has been completely shut down and about 45 patients who urgently need surgery have been left in the reception area, the hospital chief Atef al-Kahlout said, 19.40 CET the Israel Defense Forces have said they have recovered the body of the mother of five Yehudit Weiss, one of about 240 hostages after she was abducted by Hamas from kibbutz Be’eri on 7 October, and her husband Shmulik Weiss was found murdered in the safe room of their home, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
17 November 2023 IDF says it has retrieved body of soldier taken hostage by Hamas: 17 November 2023: 20.34 CET Israel promised on Friday there would be 'no limitation' on aid requested for Gaza by the USA, an apparent concession to international pressure and warnings that its iron grip on the war-torn Palestinian territory will lead to starvation and disease, 21.38 CET five countries have submitted a referral to the international criminal court for an investigation of 'the situation in the state of Palestine', ICC chief prosecutor Karim Khan said, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
18 November 2023 more than 80 Palestinians reportedly killed by Israeli strikes on Jabalia refugee camp: 18 November 2023: 09.32 CET Israeli troops ordered the evacuation of al-Shifa hospital 'in the next hour' over loudspeakers as troops combed the facility for Hamas hideouts, 15.20 CET at least 15 people were killed on Saturday following an airstrike that hit a house west of Khan Younis, health officials from Gaza’s Nasser hospital said, 17.52 CET more than 80 people were killed on Saturday by double Israeli strikes on the Jabalia refugee camp, Gaza’s health ministry said, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
19 November 2023 32 babies in critical condition at Gaza's main hospital: 19 November 2023: 06.55 CET 32 babies in critical condition at Gaza's main hospital, says WHO, calling it a 'death zone', 10.32 CET the UK chancellor Jeremy Hunt said 'we recognise, and I’m afraid this morning’s news confirms, that there is an absolutely tragic loss of life on both the Palestinian and the Israeli side. But I think it is important to remember this started with horrific murders on October 7, and if Hamas are hiding in these hospitals then Israel has to do something about it', 19.05 CET at least 13,000 Palestinians have been killed and 30,000 have been injured by Israeli strikes across Gaza since 7 October, Gaza’s health ministry announced on Sunday, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
20 November 2023 USA government says hostage deal ‘closer than we’ve ever been’: 20 November 2023: USA government says hostage deal ‘closer than we’ve ever been’, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
21 November 2023 Netanyahu tells full cabinet Israel will continue war even if hostage deal is agreed: 21 November 2023: Netanyahu tells full cabinet Israel will continue war even if hostage deal is agreed, as UN warns of 'tragic, avoidable surge' in child deaths in Gaza, where on average a child is killed every 10 minutes, as hostages who are expected to be released if a deal is reached will include 30 children, eight mothers and 12 women, according to Isreali newpapter 'Haaretz' and a separate 'CNN' report, and as a meeting of the Israeli coalition follows a meeting of the war cabinet and the security cabinet, and no vote was held in the earlier meetings, according to 'Channel 12', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates about 'Hamas' war against the Jewish state, founded following World War II and the Holocaust
22 November 2023 the first ceasefire in seven weeks of war in Gaza is due to come into effect on Thursday morning: 22 November 2023: The first ceasefire in seven weeks of war in Gaza is due to come into effect on Thursday morning, officials from both Hamas and Israel have said, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
23 November 2023 Israel’s military claims that it has intercepted a cruise missile near Eilat: 23 November 2023: Israel to continue 'intense' fighting for at least two months after 'short' truce, says defence minister, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
24 November 2023 biggest aid convoy since start of war enters Gaza: 24 November 2023: Biggest aid convoy since start of war enters Gaza, as Joe Biden says today’s hostage release is the 'start of a process', adding that he 'will not stop' until all the remaining hostages in Gaza are brought home, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
25 November 2023 39 Palestinians exchanged for 13 Israelis and seven foreigners: 25 November 2023: 21.10 GMT according to information provided by the Red Cross, the hostages are on their way to the Rafah border crossing, Israeli Defense Forces spokesperson Daniel Hagari tweeted, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
26 November 2023 Israel releases Palestinians from prison after Hamas frees 17 hostages: 26 November 2023: Israel releases Palestinians from prison after Hamas frees 17 hostages, as USA's Joe Biden said of four-year old dual USA-Israeli citizen Abigail Edan 'she’s free and she’s in Israel now', after she was released by Hamas on Sunday alongside 16 other hostages, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates - 26 novembre 2023: Après deux premières séries de libérations, l'armée israélienne a confirmé que 14 otages israéliens et trois étrangers avaient été remis dimanche au CICR. De son côté, le Hamas a confirmé la mort d'un important chef militaire et de trois autres cadres au cours de l'offensive israélienne sur la bande de Gaza, selon France24 en direct.
27 November 2023 talks over hostages to be released today ‘continuing’, Israel says: 27 November 2023: Talks over hostages to be released today ‘continuing’ according to Israel, 21.58 CET three-year-old twins are among several children released by Hamas on Monday, the BBC is reporting, citing an Israeli government spokesperson, as Mark Regev told the BBC News Channel they were transferred to the International Red Cross on Monday evening, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
28 November 2023 Israel releases Palestinians from prison after Hamas frees 17 hostages: 28 November 2023: 20.00 CET the ICRC said it has successfully facilitated the release and transfer of 12 hostages held in Gaza, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates - 28 November 2023: Israel has approved the inclusion of 50 female Palestinians in the list of prisoners slated for release if the Israeli hostages are freed, according to the PM's office, as Israeli military confirmed on Tuesday evening that 12 more hostages had been released by Hamas, France24 reports with live updates
29 November 2023 Israel releases Palestinians from prison after Hamas frees 17 hostages: 29 November 2023: Ten Israelis and four Thais have been handed over by Hamas and are on their way to Israel, the Israeli military announced, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
30 November 2023 two hostages back in Israel, says IDF, as eight Palestinian women and 22 children set to be freed: 30 November 2023: 17.54 CET eight Palestinian women and 22 children set to be released by Israel today, 18.33 CET Israeli and USA officials have discussed expelling thousands of lower-level Hamas fighters from the Gaza Strip as a possible way to shorten the war, as the idea - reported by the Wall Street Journal - is similar to the USA-brokered deal that allowed the deportation of PLO members including Yasser Arafat from Lebanon to Tunisia, 19.10 CET the number of reporters and other media workers killed during the Israel-Hamas conflict is at least 57, according to an update published Thursday by the Committee to Protect Journalists, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
1 December 2023 two hostages back in Israel, says IDF, as eight Palestinian women and 22 children set to be freed: 1 December 2023: 18.29 CET The USA remains 'intensely focused' on freeing all the hostages held in Gaza despite the end of a ceasefire agreement between Israel and Hamas, according to USA secretary of state Antony Blinken, saying 'it’s also important to understand why the pause came to an end. It came to an end because of Hamas. Hamas reneged on commitments it made', and pointing to the deadly gun attack in west Jerusalem on Thursday in which three Israeli were killed, which Hamas has claimed responsibility for, 20.03 CET USA's national security spokesperson John Kirby has been talking to reporters about the end of the ceasefire, blaming Hamas for not coming up with a new list of hostages to be released, saying 'so if Hamas truly, as they claim to, do care about Palestinians, they’ll do what they can to come up with a list of hostages that can be exchanged, so that that aid can continue to flow, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
2 December 2023 two hostages back in Israel, says IDF, as eight Palestinian women and 22 children set to be freed: 2 December 2023: 15.34 CET A team from Israel’s Mossad intelligence services has been ordered home after talks in Qatar for another pause in fighting in Gaza reaching a 'dead end', according to a statement from Netanyahu’s office issued on behalf of the intelligence agency saying 'the Hamas terror group did not fulfil its obligations under the agreement that included releasing all the women and children that were on the list provided to Hamas that had authorized it', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
3 December 2023 ‘75% of Gaza’s population’ internally displaced: 3 December 2023: 16.51 GMT ICC prosecutor Karim Khan will intensify his efforts to advance hia investigations of possible war crimes saying that he witnessed 'scenes of calculated cruelty' at locations of Hamas’s October 7 attacks on Israel', adding 'the attacks against innocent Israeli civilians on 7 October represent some of the most serious international crimes that shock the conscience of humanity, crimes which the ICC was established to address. In my meeting with the families of the victims of these attacks, my message was clear: we stand ready to work in partnership with them as part of our ongoing work to hold those responsible to account', 16.01 CET the UN's OCHA said that about 1.8 million people – roughly 75% of Gaza’s population – are internally displaced, up from a previous figure of 1.7 million, 18.05 CET Yemen’s Houthi movement targeted two Israeli ships on Sunday with an armed drone and a naval missile according to a spokesperson for the group’s military, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
4 December 2023 USA says Hamas refusal to release more female hostages is to blame for collapse of truce: 4 December 2023: 20.35 CET USA official suggests Hamas wants to stop female hostages talking about captivity amid reports of sexual abuse, 20.52 CET the week-long truce that saw the release of dozens of hostages back to Israel collapsed because Hamas refused to release any more women, the the Biden administration said on Monday, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
5 December 2023 WFP says ‘catastrophic hunger crisis’ is intensifying: 5 December 2023: 22.05 CET a catastrophic hunger crisis is intensifying in Gaza, the World Food Programme WFP warned on Tuesday as Israeli military operations escalate, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates - Nachdem Israels Präsident Isaac Herzog im Oktober festgestellt hatte »Seit dem Holocaust haben wir nicht mehr erlebt, wie jüdische Frauen und Kinder, Großeltern – sogar Holocaust-Überlebende – in Lastwagen gepfercht und in die Gefangenschaft gebracht wurden«, und erklärt hatte »Wir werden mit voller Kraft und unerschütterlichem Engagement handeln, um diese Bedrohung für unser Volk zu beseitigen«, berichtet die 'Jüdische Allgemeine' am 5. Dezember 2023 daß Israel zur Bekämpfung der Terroristen die Flutung von Hamas-Tunneln erwägt, um sie an die Erdoberfläche zu treiben. Es muß versucht werden, die Situation zu beenden, daß Israel zur Bekämpfung der Terroristen selbst unschuldige Menschen - darunter sehr viele Kinder - tötet.
6 December 2023 IDF says it has found major arms depot in 'heart of civilian' area in Gaza: 6 December 2023: 06.12 CET USA president Joe Biden has denounced the reported rape and sexual violence committed against Israeli girls and women by Hamas militants during the 7 October attack on Israel, calling on the world to condemn such conduct 'without equivocation' and 'without exception', noting that in recent weeks, female survivors and witnesses to the attacks have shared 'horrific accounts of unimaginable cruelty', 16.23 CET IDF says it has found major arms depot in 'heart of civilian' area in Gaza, describing it as 'one of the largest weapons depots in the Gaza Strip' and saying it was 'found near a clinic and school' in the north of the Palestinian territory, 18.38 CET Benjamin Netanyahu has said Israeli forces were 'encircling' the Gaza house of top Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar, described by Israeli officials as the architect of the 7 October attacks, and who is now in hiding, possibly in the network of tunnels Hamas have built under southern Gaza, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
7 December 2023 Israel warns Hezbollah of escalation: 7 December 2023: Israel warns Hezbollah of escalation, after an Israeli man was killed by a guided-missile attack fired from Lebanon on Thursday, 20:23 presidents of three of USA’s top universities are facing intense backlash including from the Biden administration joined by several Jewish officials and leaders, after they appeared to evade questions during a congressional hearing about whether calls by students for the genocide of Jews would constitute harassment under the schools’ codes of conduct, as government's spokesman Andrew Bates said 'it’s unbelievable that this needs to be said: calls for genocide are monstrous and antithetical to everything we represent as a country', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
8 December 2023 USA vetoes UN ceasefire resolution and says it is ‘divorced from reality’: 8 December 2023: The USA has blamed Hamas’s refusal to keep to the agreement to release young female hostages, and a failure of the United Nations to condemn the group’s attacks on Israel, for its decision to veto the UN security council resolution calling for a Gaza ceasefire, 23.32 CET Israel’s ambassador to the UN Gilad Erdan has thanked the USA for vetoing ceasefire resolution, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
9 December 2023 UN decries inability to distribute aid to Palestinians beyond Rafah amid ‘catastrophic’ humanitarian situation in Gaza: 9 December 2023: 14.41 CET Sahar Baruch, one of the estimated 240 hostages taken during the 7 October Hamas attack on Israel, was killed in Hamas captivity, according to a joint statement from his community, the Be’eri kibbutz, and the Hostages and Missing Families Forum, saying 'it is with great sadness and a broken heart that we announce the murder of Sahar Baruch who was kidnapped from his home by Hamas terrorists to Gaza on Black Saturday and murdered there. His brother Idan was murdered by Hamas on October 7', 21.17 CET Israeli fighter jets 'completed an attack on Lebanese territory during which targets of the terrorist organization Hezbollah was attacked' according to IDF spokesman Daniel Hagari, 18.58 CET UN relief agency decries inability to distribute aid to Palestinians beyond town of Rafah amid ‘catastrophic’ humanitarian situation in Gaza, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
10 December 2023 Israel claims to have struck 'over 250 terror targets' in Gaza in last 24 hours: 10 December 2023: 09.14 CET Israel’s military has issued an operational update for Sunday morning in which it has claimed to have struck 'over 250 terror targets' in the last 24 hours, 13.19 CET residents report that Israeli tanks have reached the main north-south road through the middle of Khan Younis after intense combat through the night that had slowed the Israeli advance from the east, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
11 December 2023 Italy, France and Germany call on EU to impose ‘ad hoc sanctions regime’ against Hamas: 11 December 2023: 10.44 CET Italy, France and Germany are calling on the EU to impose ad hoc sanctions against Hamas and its supporters, the foreign ministers of the three nations wrote in a joint letter to the EU’s foreign policy chief Josep Borrell, saying 'we express our full support for the ... proposal to create an ad hoc sanctions regime against Hamas and its supporters', and 'the swift adoption of this sanctions regime will enable us to send a strong political message about the EU’s commitment against Hamas and our solidarity with Israel', 2.55 CET Israel’s military says that 104 members of its forces have been killed since the ground operation began, 582 soldiers have been injured inside the Gaza Strip, and its total casualties since 7 October are 433 killed and 1,645 wounded soldiers, 19.19 CET Israel has 'no intention' of staying permanently in Gaza after the completion of its military campaign to eliminate Hamas, and is open to discuss alternatives about who will control the territory as long as it is not a group hostile to Israel according to defense ministry, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
12 December 2023 USA voted against UNGA resolution for an immediate ceasefire: 12 December 2023: UN general assembly's resolution for an immediate humanitarian ceasefire passed with 153 members voting in favor, 10 voting against, and 23 abstaining, as the countries that voted against included the USA, Austria, Israel, and Paraguay, the United Kingdom voted to abstain, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
13 December 2023 USA voted against UNGA resolution for an immediate ceasefire: 13 December 2023: Families of the eight USA hostages held by Hamas in Gaza say they had a 'terrific' meeting with Joe Biden at the White House on Wednesday, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
14 December 2023 USA voted against UNGA resolution for an immediate ceasefire: 14 December 2023: Biden administration's spokesperson says ‘we all want (the war) to end as soon as possible... we’re not dictating terms to the Israelis about how long it has to be’, as Israeli defence minister Yoav Gallant told visiting USA's national security adviser Jake Sullivan on Thursday that it will take several months to defeat Hamas in the Gaza Strip, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
15 December 2023 IDF says it has mistakenly killed three Israeli hostages: 15 December 2023: 16.21 CET Israel has approved the entry of aid into the Gaza Strip through the Kerem Shalom crossing, 19.31 CET IDF announced on Friday that it 'mistakenly identified three Israeli hostages as a threat, as a result the force fired at them and they were killed', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
16 December 2023 IDF says it has mistakenly killed three Israeli hostages: 16 December 2023: 22.50 CET news coming from Tel Aviv, where protesters took to the streets in frustration and called on the Israeli government to secure the immediate release of the remaining hostages held by Hamas, 13.56 CET Iran’s official Irna news agency has reported that an agent of Israel’s Mossad intelligence service was executed on Saturday in Iran’s south-eastern Sistan-Baluchestan province according to Reuters, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
17 December 2023 Israel says it has uncovered 'biggest Hamas tunnel' near Gaza border: 17 December 2023: 16.16 CET the Israeli army has said it has uncovered the biggest Hamas tunnel in the Gaza Strip so far, as the underground passage formed part of a wider network that stretched for over 2.5 miles and came within 400 metres of the Erez border crossing. It cost millions of dollars and took years to construct, Israeli forces said, with the passageways featuring drainage systems, electricity, ventilation, sewage and a communication network, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
18 December 2023 Israel’s defence minister Gallant says civilians may soon be able to return to northern Gaza: 18 December 2023: Israel’s defence minister Gallant says civilians may soon be able to return to northern Gaza, after Israeli forces had made a 'very meaningful and successful achievement' on the battlefield against Hamas, adding at the joint news conference with Lloyd Austin that the elimination of the Hamas leadership 'will be achieved hopefully soon', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
19 December 2023 Israel’s defence minister Gallant says civilians may soon be able to return to northern Gaza: 19 December 2023: IDF investigating deaths of Palestinians in detention, as Israeli forces to expand ground operation according to defence minister Yoav Gallant, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
20 December 2023 Hamas rejects Israeli offer for seven-day truce for release of hostages: 20 December 2023: Citing Egyptian officials, the Wall Street Journal reported that Hamas rejected an offer by Israel to pause its ground and air operations in Gaza for a week and allow further humanitarian aid to enter the territory, in return for freeing 40 hostages, including all the remaining women and children abducted during the 7 October attacks, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
21 December 2023 Gaza’s 2.3m people reportedly facing crisis levels of hunger and risk of famine: 21 December 2023: 06.45 CET prospects for an exchange deal involving the release of more hostages remain uncertain as Hamas insists it will not discuss anything less than a complete end to Israel’s offensive in Gaza, 17.47 CET Gaza's 2.3 million people face crisis levels of hunger and risk of famine, according to a report by the 'Integrated Food Security Phase Classification', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
22 December 2023 UNSC passes resolution on Gaza aid delivery: 22 December 2023: 05.57 CET USA ready to support UN security council resolution on Gaza, 18.10 CET the UN security council has passed the resolution on Gaza aid delivery with 13 votes in favour, no votes against and two abstentions, 19.25 CET Israel’s ambassador to the UN said: 'The 130 hostages, women, children and the elderly are still being held in Gaza and must not be allowed to become a footnote ... Humanitarian aid is pouring into Gaza every single day. Yet the hostages being held by Hamas are not even allowed visits by the Red Cross. This is the most heinous war crime imaginable. The hostages must be at the top of this council’s agenda', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
23 December 2023 Hamas says it has lost contact with group responsible for five Israeli hostages: 23 December 2023: 16.31 CET Hamas says it has lost contact with group responsible for five Israeli hostages, 10.50 CET Israeli strike kills 76 members of one Gaza family, says Gaza civil defense department, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
24 December 2023 the war against Hamas terrorists is enacting a 'very heavy price' on Israeli soldiers: 24 December 2023: 16.12 CET Israeli military says about 8,000 Palestinian fighters killed in Gaza war, 19.32 CET Israel’s war on Gaza is enacting a 'very heavy price' on Israeli soldiers after the Israeli army announced that 14 soldiers had been killed in Gaza since Friday and another soldier was killed on Sunday bringing the total number of troops killed in Gaza to 154, as Israeli PM Benjamin Netanyahu said 'the war is exacting a very heavy price ... but we have no choice but to keep fighting', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
25 December 2023 Hamas and allied Islamic Jihad reject giving up power in return for permanent ceasefire: 25 December 2023: 15.52 CET Hamas and the allied Islamic Jihad have rejected an Egyptian plan proposing that they give up power in the Gaza Strip in return for a permanent ceasefire, 16.45 CET an Israeli airstrike outside the Syrian capital Damascus on Monday killed senior adviser Sayyed Razi Mousavi in Iran’s Revolutionary Guards, who was responsible for coordinating the military alliance between Syria and Iran according to Reuters, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
26 December 2023 Israel army chief says Gaza war to continue for ‘many more months’: 26 December 2023: 17.47 CET the chief of staff of the Israel Defense Forces Herzi Halevi told a press conference today that the military is expanding operations in southern and central Gaza as it is close to dismantling all of Hamas’s battalions in the northern part of the Gaza Strip, explaining that the war 'will continue for many more months, and we will work with different methods so that our achievements are preserved for a long time', 19.05 CET Israel will no longer grant automatic visas to UN employees, after accusing the global body of being 'complicit partners' in Hamas’s tactics, 18.48 CET Iranian officials and allied militant groups in the region have vowed revenge for the reported killing of Sayyed Razi Mousavi - a longtime adviser of the Iranian paramilitary Revolutionary Guards in Syria -, as Halevi declined to comment on the reported airstrike, saying 'we take whatever action necessary to make it very clear that we are very determined to defend the country, are willing to go far', 19.05 CET Israel’s foreign minister Eli Cohen explained that Israel 'will no longer remain silent in the face of the UN's hypocrisy!' He explained how the UN is jointly responsible for Israel's warfare including its terrible actions against Palestian civilians, because also the UN leaves Israel no choice. 'The conduct of the UN since October 7th is a disgrace to the organization and the international community. This disgrace began with the Secretary-General who legitimized war crimes and crimes against humanity, continued with the Human Rights Commissioner who publishes unsubstantiated blood libels, and with UN Women, an organization that for two months ignored the acts of rape committed against Israeli women. We will stop working with those who cooperate with the Hamas terrorist organization's propaganda', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
27 December 2023 Israel calls Erdogan's comparison of Netanyahu and Hitler 'deeply offensive': 27 December 2023: 17.55 CET after Turkey’s president Recep Tayyip Erdogan compared Benjamin Netanyahu to Adolf Hitler, Israel’s president, Isaac Herzog has released a statement on social media in which he condemned Erdogan’s comments, describing them as 'deeply offensive' to Jewish people around the world and to the memory of the millions of Jews who were killed in the Holocaust, saying 'there is no struggle more just than the war against the terrorist organization Hamas, which brutally and barbarically murdered Jews, as well as Muslims, and those of other faiths and nationalities', 20.44 CET Israeli minister Benny Gantz warns of Lebanon border situation, saying that the situation on the country’s northern border must change, adding that the time for diplomacy was running out, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
28 December 2023 Israeli military says it 'regrets harm to civilians’ after dozens killed in refugee camp strike: 28 December 2023: 16.49 CET Israel has given preliminary approval to Cyprus to set up a maritime humanitarian aid corridor to Gaza, 18.40 CET Israeli military 'regrets harm to civilians' caused by an Israel Defense Forces strike that killed dozens of people in the Maghazi refugee camp in the centre of Gaza earlier this week, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
29 December 2023 19.45 CET Israel destroyed hideout belonging to Hamas leader and rejects 'blood libel' spread by South Africa: 29 December 2023: 19.45 CET the Israel Defense Forces IDF said it located and destroyed a hideout belonging to Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar in northern Gaza, after an investigation by IDF troops found the apartment, located on the outskirts of Gaza City, as well as a large tunnel system under it, a spokesperson said, 20.05 CET Israeli foreign ministry spokesperson Lior Haiat posted on social media, saying 'South Africa’s claim lacks both a factual and a legal basis, and constitutes a despicable and contemptuous exploitation of the Court. South Africa is cooperating with a terrorist organization that is calling for the destruction of the State of Israel. The Hamas terrorist organization - which is committing war crimes, crimes against humanity and sought to commit genocide on 7 October - is responsible for the suffering of the Palestinians in the Gaza Strip by using them as human shields and stealing humanitarian aid from them. Israel is committed to international law and acts in accordance with it, and directs its military efforts solely against the Hamas terrorist organization and the other terrorist organizations cooperating with Hamas. Israel has made it clear that the residents of the Gaza Strip are not the enemy, and is making every effort to limit harm to civilians and to facilitate the entry of humanitarian aid to the Gaza Strip. We call on the International Court of Justice and the international community to completely reject South Africa’s baseless claims', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
30 December 2023 UN reports surge in people fleeing to Rafah as fighting intensifies: 30 December 2023: 15.12 CET UN's OCHA ('Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs') has told the BBC that it estimates that at least 100,000 people have moved into Rafah, the most southerly city in Gaza, in the last few days as fighting has intensified in and around Khan Younis and elsewhere. The displacement follows orders from Israeli forces urging civilians to flee parts of Gaza where Israel says Hamas has a stronghold, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
31 December 2023 prepared to let ships deliver aid to the Gaza Strip, Israel also calls for return of Jewish settlers to the strip after war: 31 December 2023: 12.38 CET Israel is prepared to let ships deliver aid to the Gaza Strip 'immediately' as part of a proposed sea corridor from Cyprus, the Israeli foreign minister has said, 13.20 CET in an interview on Israeli radio Israel's outgoing FM Eli Cohen acknowledged 'the government bears responsibility' for having failed to anticipate the 7 October Hamas attack, 15.56 CET Israel’s finance minister Bezalel Smotrich has called for the return of Jewish settlers to the Gaza Strip after the war, and said Gaza’s Palestinian population should be encouraged to emigrate according to AFP, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
1 January 2024 IDF claims to have killed regional Hamas commander Adil Mismah: 1 January 2024: 11.11 CET Israeli officials said the military was now pivoting to the third stage as Israeli tanks and soldiers have now overrun much of the Gaza Strip, adding 'this will take six months at least, and involve intense mopping-up missions against the terrorists. No one is talking about doves of peace being flown from Shajaia', 15.22 CET the Israeli military claims to have killed Adil Mismah, a regional commander of Hamas’ elite Nukhba forces, in the central city of Deir al-Balah, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
6 January 2024 dozens of rockets fired at northern Israel from Lebanon, and response: 6 January 2024: 08.17 CET about 40 rockets were fired from Lebanon at northern Israel on Saturday, the Israeli military said, 12.22 CET Israel has carried out a series of strikes in southern Lebanon after around 40 rockets were fired into northern Israel early on Saturday, saying its fighter jets had attacked a number of sites run by Hezbollah in the areas of Aita al-Sha’ab, Yaron and Ramya, and explaining that among the targets were a launch site and military buildings, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
7 January 2024 Israel says it has completed mission to destroy Hamas infrastructure in northern Gaza: 7 January 2024: The Israeli military says it has completed its mission to destroy Hamas’s infrastructure in northern Gaza and has scaled back its military operations there as the offensive moves south according to AP, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
8 January 2024 more Israeli strikes in Syria targeting forces involved in Iran’s weapons lifeline to its proxies in the region: 8 January 2024: 14.51 CET Israel is carrying out an unprecedented wave of deadly strikes in Syria targeting cargo trucks, infrastructure and people involved in Iran’s weapons lifeline to its proxies in the region, according to six sources with direct knowledge of the matter, saying that Israel had shifted strategies following the 7 October attack by Hamas fighters into Israeli territory and the ensuing Israeli bombing campaigns in Gaza and Lebanon, and - although Israel has struck Iran-linked targets in Syria for years including areas where Lebanese armed group Hezbollah has been active - it is now unleashing deadlier, more frequent air raids against Iranian arms transfers and air defence systems in Syria, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
9 January 2024 three Hezbollah members killed in targeted strike in south of Lebanon: 9 January 2024: 11:05 AM three members of Iran-aligned Hezbollah were killed on Tuesday in a targeted strike on their vehicle in the town of Ghandouriyeh in the south of Lebanon, two sources familiar with the group's operations told Reuters, 11:16 AM Blinken sees chance of regional integration for Israel after Gaza crisis, 'Haaretz' reports with live updates - 9 January 2024: 21.15 CET the Israel Defense Forces said it has killed the southern Lebanon commander of Hezbollah’s aerial unit Ali Hussein Barji in an airstrike on Tuesday, as IDF spokesperson Daniel Hagari said the Hezbollah commander had led dozens of drone attacks on Israel, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
10 January 2024 UN security council to vote on resolution demanding end of Houthi attacks in Red Sea: 10 January 2024: The United Nations security council will be voting on a resolution to demand that attacks by Yemen’s Houthi rebels against ships in the Red Sea stop, as USA draft resolution says Houthi attacks impede global commerce and undermine regional peace and security, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates - 10 January 2024: IDF spokesperson Daniel Hagari said one Wednesday evening that Israeli forces located a tunnel where Israeli hostages were held in 'severe conditions underground', addimg 'we brought international correspondents [to the tunnels] so they could expose Hamas crimes against humanity'
11 January 2024 USA says on ICJ hearing that allegations that Israel is committing genocide are unfounded: 11 January 2024: USA's National Security Council spokesperson John Kirby discussed the International Court of Justice judge accusing the USA of being complicit in Israeli genocide and violating international law, saying 'the judge statement notwithstanding, absolutely no. Israel absolutely has a right and responsibility to defend itself, and we will continue to make sure that they can do that. We will continue to supply them with the tools and capabilities to do that', 'Haaretz' reports with live updates
12 January 2024 Biden warns Houthis of further action if they continue ‘outrageous behaviour’: 12 January 2024: 21.20 CET Joe Biden, in his first public comments on the USA-UK airstrikes against the Houthis, said they were 'a success', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
13 January 2024 Israelis Hold Mass 24-hour Rally in Tel Aviv for Release of Hostages Held in Gaza: 13 January 2024: Thousands of Israelis are rallying in Tel Aviv on Saturday night for the release of Israeli hostages still being held by Hamas in the Gaza Strip, as the mother of a hostage implored 'Where is the world? Where are the decision-makers?', 'Haaretz' reports with live updates
14 January 2024 IDF says 188 soldiers killed in combat since Gaza ground operation began: 14 January 2024: IDF says 188 soldiers killed in combat since Gaza ground operation began, as Israel carries out 'extensive' strikes in Lebanon', 'Haaretz' reports with live updates
15 January 2024 IDF says 'Grave Concern' for Lives of Two Hamas-held Hostages: 15 January 2024: IDF says it informed families of two hostages of grave concern' for their lives; Israeli defense minister says cease-fire would only endanger hostages, calls for diplomatic solution in Gaza when military operation ends; two Palestinians killed in West Bank by IDF gunfire; IDF to pull out combat division from Gaza Strip fighting; explosion heard near Yemen's Hodeidah airport after Houthis attack USA operated ship; one woman killed, 14 wounded in terror attack in central Israeli city of Ra'anana, 'Haaretz' reports with live updates
16 January 2024 EU sanctions Hamas leader and adds him to terrorist list: 16 January 2024: 12.15 CET Kurdish PM Masrour Barzani, has accused Iran of killing innocent civilians in its strikes on the capital of the semi-autonomous Kurdistan region, 14.08 CET the EU has sanctioned the Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar and added him to the group’s terrorist list, now also subject to the freezing of his funds and other financial assets in EU member states. The sanctions also prohibit EU operators from making funds or economic resources available to him, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
17 January 2024 UN investigating committee headed by famous antisemitic and anti-Israel people: 17 January 2024: 22.11 CET Israel bars doctors from speaking to UN investigators about 7 October attacks and to cooperate with the UN committee, saying thia UN 'commission of inquiry is there to investigate Israel without any time limits, unlike any other commission of inquiry from the UN system. Furthermore, the three people chosen to head it are famous antisemitic and anti-Israel people, 17.53 CET medicine for Israeli hostages and Palestinians civilians arrives at Gaza border, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
18 January 2024 on Hamas/Israel war day 104 USA reaffirms two-state commitment as Netanyahu vows to block Palestinian state: 18 January 2024: On day 104 of Hamas-Israel war USA reaffirms two-state commitment as Netanyahu vows to block Palestinian state, 'Haaretz' reports with live updates
19 January 2024 USA says 'we don't support a ceasefire at this time': 19 January 2024: The USA still opposes a ceasefire in Gaza, as national security adviser John Kirby said that such a move would help Hamas militants, adding 'I think it’s important to remember that there was ceasefire in place on 6 October', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
20 January 2024 Israeli strike on Syrian capital kills fifth Iran Revolutionary Guards member: 20 January 2024: A fifth member of Iran’s Revolutionary Guards has been killed in an Israeli missile strike in Syria on Saturday according to Reuters, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
21 January 2024 Israeli strike kills Hezbollah fighter in south Lebanon: 21 January 2024: 15.18 CET a strike targeting the Iranian Revolutionary Guards’ Syria spy chief in Damascus and blamed on Israel killed 12 people, '… five Iranians, including three IRGC leaders, four Syrians working with the Iranians, two Lebanese, and one Iraqi national', SOHR said of Saturday’s strike, 20.03 CET an Israeli strike killed a Hezbollah fighter on Sunday in south Lebanon, a source close to the group told Agence France-Presse, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
22 January 2024 USA officials reject Houthi claim they attacked American ship in Gulf of Aden: 22 January 2024: USA officials have said the claim by Yemen’s Houthi forces that it carried out an attack against a US military cargo ship, Ocean Jazz, in the Gulf of Aden is not true, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
23 January 2024 21 Israeli soldiers killed in Gaza after IDF rigged buildings for demolition near the Gaza border: 23 January 2024: 21 Israeli soldiers killed in Gaza after IDF rigged buildings for demolition near the Gaza border - Hamas gunmen fired an RPG at a nearby tank, at the same time an explosion occurred that led to the collapse of the buildings with the soldiers inside - Israeli army will learn lessons from deadly Khan Yunis incident, IDF chief says, 'Haaretz' reports with live updates
24 January 2024 Houthis fire three missiles at Red Sea ships, says USA: 24 January 2024: USA's national security spokesperson John Kirby said the Houthis launched three missiles at two merchant vessels in the southern Red Sea, adding that 'one missile missed' and 'the other two were shot down by a US Navy destroyer', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
25 January 2024 USA and UK impose new sanctions on Houthi leaders: 25 January 2024: 15.18 CET Houthis in Yemen should be labelled as a terrorist group by the UK government, says top lawyer, 14.49 CET USA and UK will impose new sanctions on Houthi leaders, 14.28 CET USA secretary of state Blinken on Thursday renewed calls for Israel to protect civilians after a deadly strike on a UN shelter in Gaza that brought rare USA condemnation, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
26 January 2024 Israeli officials accuse ICJ of antisemitic bias as USA says it still believes genocide allegations ‘unfounded’: 26 January 2024: 19.00 CET Israeli officials accuse ICJ of antisemitic bias as USA says it still believes genocide allegations ‘unfounded’, 19.33 CET a fire broke out on a merchant vessel travelling through the Gulf of Aden after it was hit with a 'missile', according to British maritime security firm Ambrey, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
27 January 2024 UK suspends support for UN’s Gaza aid agency after staff accused of involvement in Hamas attack on Israel: 27 January 2024: 10.59 CET Italy has followed the US, Australia and Canada in suspending financing of the United Nations agency for Palestinian refugees UNRWA, 14.22 CET UK suspends support for UN’s Gaza aid agency after staff accused of involvement in Hamas attack on Israel, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
28 January 2024 three USA service members killed in drone attack on USA forces in north-east Jordan: 28 January 2024: Three USA service members have been killed during an unmanned aerial drone attack on USA forces in north-east Jordan near the Syria border on Saturday night, as in a statement released on Sunday Joe Biden said that while an investigation into the attack remains underway, the USA knows 'it was carried out by radical Iran-backed militant groups operating in Syria and Iraq', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
29 January 2024 USA troops killed in Iranian-backed militia's drone strike in Jordan named: 29 January 2024: 17.30 CET the USA defence secretary Lloyd Austin has vowed the USA will take 'all necessary actions' to defend its troops after three servicemen were killed and dozens injured following a drone attack by Iran-backed militants on a USA service base on the border of Jordan and Syria, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
30 January 2024 Israel denies its forces are storming al-Amal hospital in Gaza: 30 January 2024: Israel denies its forces are storming al-Amal hospital in Gaza, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
2 February 2024 USA launches airstrikes on dozens of sites in Iraq and Syria: 2 February 2024: 06.37 CET Israeli forces to extend campaign to Rafah, defence minister says, 08.27 CET 'The world cannot abandon' children in Gaza, says Unicef's Catherine Russell, 22.23 CET the USA has begun a wave of retaliatory airstrikes targeting militants in Iraq and Syria, according to reports, in response to a drone attack in northern Jordan which killed three of its service personnel and wounded dozens more, 22.27 CET the USA launched an air assault on dozens of sites in Iraq and Syria used by Iranian-backed militias, in an opening salvo of retaliation for the drone strike that killed three USA service members, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
3 February 2024 thousands protest across Israel, calling for release of hostages held by Hamas and ouster of Netanyahu's government: 3 February 2024: Thousands protest across Israel, calling for release of hostages held by Hamas and ouster of Netanyahu's government, as thousands gathered at Tel Aviv's so-called Hostage Square to mark 120 days in captivity for the Israelis kidnapped by Hamas, 'Haaretz' reports with live updates
4 February 2024 USA plans more strikes in Middle East against Iran-backed groups, Jake Sullivan says: 4 February 2024: The USA national security adviser Jake Sullivan said there would be more steps in the USA's response to the Jordan drone attack that killed three soldiers last weekend, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
5 February 2024 drone strike in Syria reported to have killed six members of USA-backed Kurdish-led group: 5 February 2024: Six allied Kurdish fighters were killed late Sunday by a drone attack on a base also housing USA troops in eastern Syria in the first significant attack in Syria or Iraq since the USA launched strikes over the weekend against Iran-backed militias, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
6 February 2024 IDF reportedly believes more than a fifth of remaining Israeli hostages are dead: 6 February 2024: 13.57 CET vessel and crew safe after Greek-owned bulk carrier targeted southwest of Aden, 15.44 CET NYI reporting that at least 32 of the 136 remaining Israeli hostages captured by Hamas are dead, according to an internal assessment conducted by the Israeli military, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
7 February 2024 Netanyahu rejects Hamas ceasefire proposal and vows to fight until ‘total victory’: 7 February 2024: Benjamin Netanyahu has rejected the terms of a ceasefire in Gaza proposed by Hamas and rebuffed USA pressure to move more quickly towards a mediated settlement to the war, saying there could be no solution to Israel’s security issues except 'absolute victory' over the militant group, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
8 February 2024 Israel bombs Gaza's Rafah as USA attacked Houthi missile systems: 8 February 2024: 10.54 CET a senior member of the Swedish security police said on Thursday that Iran has planned attacks on the country, days after local media reported that two Iranians were deported for a plot to kill three Swedish Jews several years ago, 14.10 CET the USA military said on Thursday that its forces conducted multiple strikes against Houthi missile systems as the Yemen based rebel group prepared to launch attacks that threatened USA Navy and merchant ships, 16.00 CET Israel bombs overcrowded Rafah as UN warns of ‘humanitarian nightmare’, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
9 February 2024 USA's Austin and Israel's Gallant discussed post-war plans, increase in humanitarian aid, and efforts to stabilize the West Bank: 9 February 2024: Anger is rising in wartime Israel about which Israelis must go and fight, dozens of rockets were fired and intercepted in an earlier barrage on Israel's north, Netanyahu says 'it is impossible to achieve the goal of the war of eliminating Hamas while leaving four Hamas battalions in Rafah', USA Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin spoke with Israeli Defense Minister Yoav Gallant to discuss post-war plans, the increase in humanitarian aid, and efforts to stabilize the West Bank, 'Haaretz' reports with live updates
10 February 2024 'Hostages and Missing Families Forum' to submit claim against Hamas leaders to 'The Hague': 10 February 2024: Protesters block Tel Aviv highway saying 'Netanyahu, we won't give you a moment of peace', as IDF discovers Hamas tunnels, weapons in UNRWA Gaza HQ, 'Haaretz' reports with live updates
11 February 2024 Israeli PM Netanyahu says country ‘will do our best to get all (hostages) who are alive back': 11 February 2024: 12.32 CET Israeli forces have discovered a tunnel network hundreds of metres long and running partly under the UN’s Relief and Works Agency for Palestine’s UNRWA Gaza headquarters, the military claimed, calling it new evidence of Hamas exploitation of the main relief agency for Palestinians, 16.23 CET Israel’s PM Benjamin Netanyahu has suggested that 'enough' of the 130 or so remaining Israeli hostages held in Gaza are alive to justify Israel’s ongoing war in the region, saying in an interview 'we’re going to try to do our best to get all those who are alive back and, frankly, also the bodies of the dead', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
12 February 2024 USA suggests it is not rethinking military aid to Israel amid growing concern over Rafah: 12 February 2024: 13.53 CET Israel reports that Hamas had been reduced to half its fighting force, as spokesperson Eylon Levy says 'we’re talking about three-quarters of Hamas’ battalions that have been shattered … with over 12,000 terrorists who have been killed', 19.14 CET USA not threatening to hold back funding and military assistance, says state department spokesman Matthew Miller, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
13 February 2024 USA president Biden says 'key elements' of a Gaza deal are on the table: 13 February 2024: 09.36 CET USA president Biden says 'key elements' of a Gaza deal are on the table, 12.38 CET the Democratic-led USA Senate has voted in favour of sending Israel $14bn as part of a wider $95bn aid package for Ukraine, Israel and Taiwan, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
14 February 2024 an Israeli woman killed and eight others injured in a suspected Hezbollah attack: 14 February 2024: An Israeli woman was killed and eight others were injured in a suspected Hezbollah attack, according to Israeli military and medical officials, as 'The Times of Israel' cites the Israel Defense Forces as saying that some of the rockets had hit the northern command headquarters base in the city of Safed, which is about 13 kilometers from the Lebanese border, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
15 February 2024 Israeli military says it has 'credible intelligence' that Hamas held hostages at Nasser hospital: 15 February 2024: The Israeli military said it had 'credible intelligence' that Hamas had held hostages at the hospital and that the remains of hostages might still be inside, according tp AP, 'The Guardian' reports
16 February 2024 two people killed and four injured in shooting attack in southern Israel, medics and police say: 16 February 2024: 11.40 CET more than '20 terrorists' suspected to have been involved in 7 October attack arrested at Nasser hospital, says Israeli military, 13.03 CET Russia has invited Hamas and other Palestinian factions to Moscow for talks, says official, 13.27 CET Israeli strikes in south Lebanon killed five fighters from Hezbollah and allied Amal movement, say groups, 15.22 CET two people were killed and four were wounded in what Israeli police said was a shooting attack near the southern town of Kiryat Malakhi in southern Israel on Friday, as authorities in the district said the suspected shooter was killed by an armed civilian, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
17 February 2024 Antony Blinken says ‘extraordinary’ chance for Israel to be integrated into Middle East: 17 February 2024: There is an 'extraordinary opportunity' in the months ahead for Israel to be integrated into the Middle East as Arab countries are willing to normalise ties with the country, USA secretary of state Antony Blinken said on Saturday, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
18 February 2024 Israel formalises its opposition to the 'unilateral recognition' of Palestinian statehood: 18 February 2024: 09.28 CET USA likely to veto UN vote calling for ceasefire, as Linda Thomas-Greenfield said in a statement the 'the United States does not support action on this draft resolution. Should it come up for a vote as drafted, it will not be adopted', 13.02 CET Israel has formalised its opposition to what it called the 'unilateral recognition' of Palestinian statehood, and said any such agreement must be reached through direct negotiations, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
19 February 2024 EU launches maritime security operation as cargo ship damaged in Red Sea after missiles fired from Yemen: 19 February 2024: EU launches maritime security operation as cargo ship damaged in Red Sea after missiles fired from Yemen, 11.46 CET International Court of Justice resumes hearing into the 'policies and practices of Israel in the occupied Palestinian territory', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
20 February 2024 Unicef warns of increase in 'unbearable level of child deaths in Gaza' due to malnutrition: 20 February 2024: 08.58 CET ICJ to hold further hearings into 'policies and practices of Israel in the occupied Palestinian territory' today, 09.53 CET Unicef warns of increase in 'unbearable level of child deaths in Gaza' due to malnutrition, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
20 February 2024 Unicef warns of increase in 'unbearable level of child deaths in Gaza' due to malnutrition: 20 February 2024: 08.58 CET ICJ to hold further hearings into 'policies and practices of Israel in the occupied Palestinian territory' today, 09.53 CET Unicef warns of increase in 'unbearable level of child deaths in Gaza' due to malnutrition, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
21 February 2024 Knesset votes to back Netanyahu’s opposition to ‘unilateral’ creation of Palestinian state: 21 February 2024: Knesset votes to back Netanyahu’s opposition to 'unilateral' creation of Palestinian state, as 99 of 120 lawmakers voted to support declaration passed earlier this week by cabinet and say any accord would have to be reached by direct negotiations, 08.56 CET Israel's military claims to have killed 'dozens' more fighters in Gaza Strip, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
22 February 2024 Israel seeking ‘right people’ to run Gaza after Hamas, as Gaza aid deliveries paused amid ‘incredible level of desperation’: 22 February 2024: 12.02 CET according to a comprehensive new analysis released by the Global Nutrition Cluster, a 'steep rise in malnutrition among children and pregnant and breastfeeding women in the Gaza Strip poses grave threats to their health', 12.28 CET Israel is seeking Palestinians who are not affiliated with Hamas to manage civilian affairs in areas of the Gaza Strip designed as testing grounds for postwar administration of the enclave, a senior Israeli official said, 08.34 CET three gunmen opened fire with automatic weapons on several vehicles near a Jewish settlement in the Israeli-occupied West Bank on Thursday, injuring eight people in a 'terror attack' according to police, as later AP reported that one Israeli was killed in the shooting, 09.55 CET Humanitarian leaders and global NGOs unite in urgent plea for Gaza and call on world leaders to 'prevent an even worse catastrophe' for civilians in Gaza, 10.55 CET the USA has urged the international court of justice ICJ in The Hague not to issue a ruling calling for Israel’s immediate withdrawal from the occupied Palestinian territories, arguing that Israeli security had to be taken into account in any solution to the conflict, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
23 February 2024 Netanyahu presents first official post-Gaza war plan: 23 February 2024: 11.27 CET Israel's PM Netanyahu presents first official post-Gaza war plan, as - according to the document presented to members of Israel’s security cabinet - Israel would maintain security control over all land west of Jordan, including the occupied West Bank and Gaza, territories where the Palestinians want to create an independent state, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
24 February 2024 Israel's Mossad chief in Paris for hostage talks: 24 February 2024: 09.53 CET an Israeli negotiating team arrived in Paris for talks about a potential ceasefire in Gaza in the latest sign of tentative progress towards an agreement that could end the five-month-old war, 13.15 CET a two-month-old baby reportedöy died of malnutrition in a hospital in Gaza City, just over 7km away from Jabalia, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
25 February 2024 Biden not yet briefed on Israel's Rafah operation: 25 February 2024: USA president Joe Biden has not been briefed on Israel’s plan for military operations in Rafah, but believes civilian life must be protected according to national security adviser Jake Sullivan, saying 'we do not believe that an operation, a major military operation, should proceed in Rafah unless there is a clear and executable plan to protect those civilians, to get them to safety and to feed, clothe and house them', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
26 February 2024 Palestinian Authority PM Mohammad Shtayyeh submits resignation: 26 February 2024: 12.23 CET Israel mounted airstrikes west of the Lebanese city of Baalbek on Monday, killing at least two Hezbollah members, sources in Lebanon told Reuters, 09.36 CET Palestinian Authority PM Mohammad Shtayyeh submits resignation, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
27 February 2024 USA president said ‘my hope is by next Monday we’ll have a ceasefire’: 27 February 2024: 08.24 CET USA president Biden says Israel has agreed to stop its military activities in Gaza for the Muslim holy month of Ramadan, as Reuters reports that a senior source close to the talks in Paris says the draft includes a Palestinian prisoner-Israeli hostage exchange, 10.54 CET Israel strikes multiple targets inside Lebanon in retaliation for Hezbollah rocket barrage, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
28 February 2024 Israel claims it struck significant terror targets overnight: 28 February 2024: 09.02 CET in its latest operational briefing, Israel’s military has claimed it struck 'eight significant terror targets' overnight which it said had been responsible for rockets fired towards the Israeli city of Ashkelon, 09.46 CET Hamas has said it launched two missile salvoes consisting of 40 Grad missiles from southern Lebanon into northern Israel, 10.13 CET Israel’s military has said it has carried out air raids on what it described as 'a Hezbollah weapons storage facility' and 'a Hezbollah weapons manufacturing site' in southern Lebanon, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
29 February 2024 USA's Lloyd Austin said that Israel can and should do more to protect civilians: 29 February 2024: 08.41 CET New Zealand on Thursday became one of the last western countries to designate all of Hamas as a terrorist entity, saying its 7 October attacks on Israel had shattered the notion its political and military wings are separate according to AFP, 09.19 CET UK should impose sanctions on two far-right Israeli ministers who have pushed for more settlements on Palestinian land, Ed Davey has argued, saying this is vital to stop the fighting in Gaza spreading to the West Bank, 10.10 CET hospital officials say an apparent Israeli attack on a crowd of Palestinians waiting for humanitarian aid in Gaza City has killed and wounded dozens, 11.52 CET Israel’s defence minister says the country’s ultra-Orthodox community must share the burden of military service, 12.32 CET an Israeli source said Israeli troops opened fire on Thursday at 'several people' among a crowd that surrounded aid trucks in the Gaza Strip after feeling under threat, 17.59 CET the USA defense secretary Lloyd Austin said earlier today that more than 25,000 women and children had been killed by Israel since 7 October 2023, adding that Israel can and should do more to protect civilians, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
1 March 2024 USA calls Gaza aid convoy deaths ‘tremendously alarming’: 1 March 2024: 08.34 CET the USA called the deaths of more than 100 Palestinians as they gathered around aid trucks 'tremendously alarming', with more reaction coming in to the incident, 09.53 CET France has called for an independent investigation into the deaths of Palestinians in Gaza who were gathered to receive humanitarian aid on Thursday, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
2 March 2024 UK-owned cargo ship sinks in Red Sea days after Houthi attack: 2 March 2024: 10.22 CET Israeli strike kills three Hezbollah fighters in Lebanon, 18.32 CET a framework for a deal that would establish a six-week ceasefire in Gaza is in place with Israel’s agreement and is now dependent on Hamas, Reuters reports a USA administration official saying on Saturday, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
3 March 2024 Israeli cabinet member Benny Gantz angers Netanyahu by taking 'unauthorised trip to Washington': 3 March 2024: 10.47 CET Israel’s military has completed a preliminary review of the killing of over 100 Palestinian people near aid trucks last week, which determined that Israeli forces did not strike the convoy and that most Palestinians died in a stampede, according to the military spokesperson, 12.02 CET infant twins Wesam and Naeem Abu Anza born a month into the war buried on Sunday after being killed in Israeli airstrike in Rafah, 12.56 CET Yemen’s Houthis have vowed to continue targeting British ships in the Gulf of Aden following the sinking of UK-owned vessel Rubymar, 16.19 CET Benny Gantz, a retired IDF chief of staff who is part of Israel’s war cabinet, headed to Washington on Sunday for talks with USA officials, sparking a rebuke from Benjamin Netanyahu, according to an Israeli official, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
4 March 2024 foreign worker killed, seven wounded in Israel by anti-tank missile fired from Lebanon: 4 March 2024: 13.30 CET a foreign worker killed and seven wounded in northern Israel by anti-tank missile fired from Lebanon, 13.01 CET USA vice-president Kamala Harris called yesterday for an immediate six-week ceasefire, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates - 4 March 2024: After her closed-door meeting with Benny Gantz, a member of Israel’s war cabinet and a rival of right-wing PM Benjamin Netanyahu, USA vice president Kamala Harris urges Israel to improve flow of aid before any military operation in Gaza
5 March 2024 Israel says Hezbollah ‘aggression’ bringing ‘critical point’ nearer: 5 March 2024: 14.38 CET Israel’s defence minister Yoav Gallant has said the continuing tension with Hezbollah militants at the border with Lebanon was moving the situation nearer to a military escalation, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
6 March 2024 EU working on maritime humanitarian corridor to support people in Gaza: 6 March 2024: 10.19 CET the World Health Organization warned on Tuesday that hunger and malnutrition were on the rise among children, breastfeeding women, and pregnant women in Gaza, 14.23 CET the USA called on Iran on Wednesday to dilute all of the uranium it has enriched to up to 60% purity, close to the weapons-grade level of roughly 90%, in a statement denouncing many of Tehran’s recent nuclear moves, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
7 March 2024 Israel reviewing conduct during war: 7 March 2024: 08.28 CET three crew members of the True Confidence dry bulk carrier were killed in a missile attack off Yemen on Wednesday, the owners and manager of the ship confirmed in a statement on Thursday, 14.43 CET IDF chief of staff publishes letter to commanders on process of reviewing conduct during war, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
8 March 2024 Biden announces USA will build pier on Gaza shore for large-scale aid delivery: 8 March 2024: 08.37 CET USA forces will build a temporary dock on the Gaza shoreline to allow delivery of humanitarian aid on a large scale, Joe Biden announced in his State of the Union speech, amid warnings of a widespread famine among the territory’s 2.3 million Palestinians, 12.55 CET Israel’s army said on Friday its initial probe into an incident that the Palestinian health authorities said left more than 100 Palestinians dead as crowds rushed an aid convoy, found troops 'fired precisely' at approaching suspects, reports Agence France-Presse, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
9 March 2024 Turkey's Erdogan says his regime 'firmly backs' the Palestinian militant group Hamas: 9 March 2024: 09.42 CET five people have been killed and 10 injured in Gaza when they were hit by a pallet of aid parachuted into the territory as part of a humanitarian airdrop, 11.29 CET Turkish president Erdogan says that his regime 'firmly backs' the Palestinian militant group Hamas, 13.00 CET three Palestinian children reportedly died of dehydration and malnutrition overnight at al-Shifa hospital, 14.28 CET the Iranian regime’s human rights violations during its brutal suppression of protests in 2022 amount to crimes against humanity, a UN fact-finding mission has said, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
10 March 2024 Lebanon’s Hezbollah terrorist group fired dozens of rockets into northern Israel: 10 March 2024: 11.22 CET Lebanon’s Hezbollah terrorist group on Sunday said it had fired dozens of rockets into northern Israel after Israeli strikes the day before killed five people in southern Lebanon, including three of the group’s members, 15.26 CET the USA and Jordan carried out a new airdrop of humanitarian aid to Palestinians in Gaza on Sunday, parachuting in more than 11,500 meals, the USA military said, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
11 March 2024 European Commission ‘hopeful’ first boat from Cyprus carrying aid to Gaza will set sail soon: 11 March 2024: European Commission ‘hopeful’ first boat from Cyprus carrying aid to Gaza will set sail soon, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
12 March 2024 Israel and Hamas reportedly ‘not near a truce’: 12 March 2024: 09.59 CET Hezbollah fires more than 100 rockets at Israeli military posts, as Israeli warplanes struck deep into Lebanon for a second consecutive day on Tuesday, hitting a facility belonging to Hezbollah in the Bekaa Valley and reportedly killing at least one member of the Iran-backed group, 15.13 CET the USA president Joe Biden said he was 'devastated' to learn that dual USA-Israel citizen Itay Chen was killed in Hamas’ 7 October attack on Israel, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
13 March 2024 Spanish aid boat opening new corridor against malnutrition and famine: 13 March 2024: 08.59 CET a Spanish aid boat was en route to Gaza on Wednesday, opening a new maritime corridor intended to allow deliveries of desperately needed food to Palestinian civilians including children facing malnutrition and famine, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
14 March 2024 blocking a highway hostage relatives say 'We want them alive, not in coffins': 14 March 2024: 08.55 CET Haaretz reported that about 40 hostage relatives blocked a highway, while holding banners saying 'We want them alive, not in coffins', 08.55 CET Israel claims to have located and destroyed rocket launchers inside Gaza Strip, 11.20 CET European Commission's Janez Lenarcic has said there are already pockets of famine happening in Gaza, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
15 March 2024 Israel says 'Palestinians', not army, fired on Gaza crowd on Thursday: 15 March 2024: 09.03 CET Hezbollah tells Iran it would fight alone in any war with Israel, sources tell Reuters, 12.55 CET Israel says 'Palestinians', not army, fired on Gaza crowd on Thursday, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
16 March 2024 a Palestinian gunman killed after opening fire on settlement: 16 March 2024: 10.42 CET one in three children under two years of age reportedly now acutely malnourished in northern Gaza, 13.34 CET a Palestinian gunman opened fire toward a Jewish settlement in the West Bank on Saturday and was then shot dead by Israeli soldiers there Reuters reports, 14.07 CET ceasefire talks 'expected to resume tomorrow', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
17 March 2024 Netanyahu says that a pause in fighting to allow Israel elections would paralyse the country for months: 17 March 2024: 09.28 CET Israeli airstrikes hit several sites in southern Syria on Sunday morning, injuring a soldier, according to Syrian state media reported and AP, 14.29 CET Netanyahu has responded to a call for Israel to hold new elections by the USA Senate leader and ally of Joe Biden Chuck Schumer, saying that a pause in fighting to allow for elections to take place would paralyse the country for months, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates - 17 mars 2024: Benjamin Netanyahu a affirmé qu'Israël ne laissera pas les civils piégés à Rafah lorsque ses forces lanceront un assaut annoncé contre la ville du sud de Gaza, où plus d'un million de Palestiniens se sont réfugiés, selon France24 en direct - 17 March 2024: Israelis evacuated from northern border region say militants must be pushed back even at risk of more fighting, stating ‘I can’t drink my coffee and see the Hezbollah flag’
18 March 2024 report warns 1.1 million in Gaza face ‘catastrophic’ food supply conditions: 18 March 2024: 08.29 CET Israel claims troops are being fired upon from buildings in the al-Shifa hospital complex, 12.33 CET 1.1 million people in Gaza facing 'catastrophic' food conditions, and 'famine is imminent', IPC report says, 14.07 CET Israel’s military has claimed to have killed a senior member of Hamas at the al-Shifa hospital complex during its combat operation there this morning, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
19 March 2024 no way to eliminate Hamas in Rafah without ground offensive, says Netanyahu: 19 March 2024: 08.25 CET USA says that senior Hamas figure Marwan Issa was killed, 14.39 CET Israel’s PM Benjamin Netanyahu reportedly reiterated that he plans to order a ground offensive inside Rafah in the southern Gaza Strip, saying he had made 'supremely clear' to USA president Joe Biden 'that we are determined to complete the elimination of Hamas in Rafah, and there is no way to do that except by going in on the ground', 14.42 CET Syria’s Assad regime said Israel launched missiles at military targets outside the Syrian capital Damascus on Tuesday, adding that the attacks were strikes on fortifications of Lebanon’s Hezbollah group, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
20 March 2024 Netanyahu says preparations for ground assault on Rafah will ‘take some time’: 20 March 2024: 08.29 CET at least 28 Palestinians killed in three separate overnight Israeli airstrikes on refugee camps in Gaza, 09.07 CET Israel claims it has killed 90 fighters and interrogated 300 suspects at al-Shifa hospital, 11.52 CET UK’s foreign secretary David Cameron has said it was vital to get pause in fighting, explaining 'what we must try to do is to turn that pause into a permanent sustainable ceasefire. We will only do that if a whole lot of conditions are fulfilled. We’ve got to get Hamas leaders out of Gaza, we have to dismantle the terrorist infrastructure', 15.45 CET France claims to have destroyed Houthi drone near commercial vessels in Red Sea, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
21 March 2024 USA House speaker to invite Netanyahu to address Congress: 21 March 2024: 09.57 CET more than 140 militants have been killed in four days of fighting in and around Gaza’s largest hospital, where the Israeli army’s operation is still under way, 12.53 CET Israel determined to take Rafah even if it 'leads to potential breach with the US', Israeli strategic affairs minister Ron Dermer said, 19.08 CET Republican speaker of the House of Representatives Mike Johnson said on Thursday that he plans to invite Israel’s PM Netanyahu to speak before Congress, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
22 March 2024 UN security council reportedy to vote on new draft resolution tomorrow: 22 March 2024: 10.44 CET Antony Blinken in Tel Aviv to discuss alternatives to Israel's planned ground assault in Rafah, 14.52 CET Israel to go into Rafah with or without USA support, Netanyahu tells Blinken, 14.58 CET France to work on new UN Gaza ceasefire resolution after Russian and Chinese veto, says Macron, 18.24 CET UN security council reportedy to vote on new draft resolution tomorrow, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
23 March 2024 Unicef's James Elder said 'never before have so many of Gaza’s children needed medical care': 23 March 2024: 10.51 CET over 170 gunmen have been killed during a prolonged operation at the main hospital in Gaza, Israeli forces revealed on Saturday, 11.23 CET nearly 600 relatives of 81 hostages have appealed to USA president Joe Biden to urge Israel’s PM Benjamin Netanyahu to negotiate a deal for their release, 16.07 CET Unicef spokesperson James Elder said that 'never before have so many of Gaza’s children needed medical care' in a video posted on social media, which showed him visiting Nasser hospital in Khan Younis and reflecting on the children he met the last time he was there, asking where a young boy named Mohamed, a young girl named Shaima and twin babies, Hannah and Kahled, that he met in Nasser hospital are now, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
24 March 2024 Israeli air strikes against a Hezbollah manufacturing site containing weapons: 24 March 2024: 14.58 CET As Israel and Hezbollah militant group - allied to Hamas - have been exchanging near-daily cross-border fire since Hamas began its brutal war against Israel in October, Israeli strike near Syrian border kills one, AFP reports, 11.42 CET Israeli air strikes in Lebanon as fighter jets 'struck a Hezbollah manufacturing site containing weapons in the area of Baalbek', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
25 March 2024 welcomed by Hamas terrorists, UN security council passes resolution: 25 March 2024: 08.35 CET Israel will no longer approve Unrwa food aid to northern Gaza, agency says, 09.03 CET Israel claims its fighter jets 'struck approximately 50 terror targets' in Gaza during the last 24 hours, 09.55 CET at least 21 people reportedly killed by Israeli airstrike on apartment block in central Gaza, 15.14 CET Israel to 'phase out' use of Unrwa, accusing refugee agency of 'perpetuating the conflict', 15.46 CET welcomed by Hamas terrorists, UN security council passes resolution calling for ceasefire in Gaza after USA abstains, 16.13 CET Netanyahu cancels Israel delegation visit to Washington, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
26 March 2024 Israel recalls ceasefire negotiators from Qatar because Hamas ‘not interested’ in talks: 26 March 2024: 08.30 CET the UN Security Council’s approval of a resolution calling for an immediate end to hostilities emboldened Hamas to reject the latest ceasefire proposal according to Israel's foreign minister Israel Katz, telling Israeli Army Radio that the UN resolution indicated to Hamas that international pressure was closing in on Israel and that it need only wait for the war to end through that pressure rather than agreeing to make any concessions, also criticising the USA for not vetoing the resolution that did not condemn Hamas, 10.27 CET Israel recalls negotiators from Qatar, claiming Hamas 'not interested' in talks and lamenting damage caused by UN ceasefire vote, 11.15 CET Israel’s military has said there were no casualties but that a fire broke out in the northern community of Avivim after what it described as 'three launches' from Lebanon, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
27 March 2024 Lebanon’s Hezbollah reportedly launched dozens of rockets at Kiryet Shmona: 27 March 2024: 08.50 CET the southern Gaza Strip came under intense Israeli bombardment overnight, 09.05 CET donor countries were asked to stop their airdrops after 12 people drowned trying to recover parachuted food aid from the sea off Gaza’s Mediterranean coast, as USA said in a statement it would continue trying to get aid in by road, but also said it would continue airdrops, 09.33 CET Lebanon’s Hezbollah said it launched dozens of rockets at Kiryet Shmona, an Israeli town over the border, early on Wednesday, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
28 March 2024 USA and Israel in talks to revive Washington trip to discuss Rafah: 28 March 2024: 08.27 CET Israel and the USA have revived talks on an official, high-level visit to Washington to discuss the planned offensive on Rafah in the southern Gaza Strip, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates

Since 1991 timeline of the peace process in the so-called 'Middle East': Since 1991 timeline of the peace process in the so-called 'Middle East' and the Arab–Israeli conflict since the destruction of Jerusalem, the first genocide of the Jewish people in the 1st and 2nd centuries and the Jewish diaspora since then
27 March 2022 USA Secretary of State Antony Blinken to attend Israeli-Arab summit: 27 March 2022: USA Secretary of State Antony Blinken to attend Israeli-Arab Summit in the Negev region bringing together Israel's FM with his counterparts from the UAE, Bahrain, Egypt, Morocco for the first time, eyes Iran and Ukraine in Mideast Tour in March 2022
27 March 2022 Lapid and Blinken vow to halt nuclear Iran in joint press conference: 27 March 2022: Ahead of Mideast summit Israeli Foreign Minister Yair Lapid and USA Secretary of State Antony Blinken vowed to work together to prevent Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons in a joint press conference on Sunday at 11:13 AM standard time (and not crazy German and even EU so-called 'Sommerzeit', erstmals am 30. April 1916 im 'Deutschen Kaiserreich' sowie der 'Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie' eingeführt um die verbrecherischen, energieintensiven 'Materialschlachten' - erstmals tödliches Giftgas und in großen Mengen gegen britische, belgische, französche Soldaten seit April 1915 - des Ersten Weltkriegs der sog. Mittelmächte einschließlich 'Osmanisches Reich' Devlet-i Ebed-müddet 1914-1918 zu unterstützen)

History of the Middle East - Maps of the Middle East from 1910 to 2010 - History of the Mediterranean region - History of the ancient Levant
Timeline of 'Middle Eastern' history: Timeline of 'Middle Eastern' history since Paleolithic period, as from 1789 to 1925 'Qajar' Iran emerged, as since 1798 - following the French Revolution since 1789 - the emerging emperor Napoleon Bonaparte led a campaign in Egypt and Syria, as from 1828 to 1914 the decline and delayed 'modernization' of the Ottoman Empire developed
Since 1914 Middle Eastern theatre of World War I until autumn 1918: Middle Eastern theatre of World War I until autumn 1918. The combatants were, on one side the Ottoman Empire (including Kurds and the majority of the Arabs), with assistance other Central Powers, and on the other side the British (with the help of Jews, Greeks, Assyrians and some Arab tribes and states, along with Indians under its empire), the Russians (with the help of Armenians and Assyrians) and the French from among the Allied Powers. There were five main campaigns, including the Sinai and Palestine Campaign, the Mesopotamian Campaign, the Caucasus Campaign, the Persian Campaign, and the Gallipoli Campaign. There were also several minor campaigns including Arab Campaign, and South Arabia Campaign.
1918-1922 Partition of the Ottoman Empire: 1918-1922 Partition of the Ottoman Empire
2nd millennium AD timeline of 'Middle Eastern' history until WWII: 2nd millenium timeline of 'Middle Eastern' history, as during the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s, Syria and Egypt made moves towards independence - List of modern conflicts in the 'Middle East' ensuing a geographic and political region traditionally defined as the Fertile Crescent (Mesopotamia), Levant, and Egypt and neighboring areas of Arabia, Anatolia and Iran. It currently encompasses the area from Egypt, Turkey and Cyprus in the west to Iran and the Persian Gulf in the east, and from Turkey and Iran in the north, to Yemen and Oman in the south. The term 'modern' refers to World War I and later period, in other words, since 1914.
Mediterranean and Middle East Theatre during the Second World War: Mediterranean and Middle East Theatre during the Second World War until summer 1945, as Southern Europe, the 'Middle East' including Iran, East Africa, North Africa (in a region not congruent with Western Asia - also including Iran), but without the South Caucasus, not including Africa's Egypt and more northern African territories) - Other definitions of the Middle East, 'Greater Middle East', 'MENA', and 'Near East', alle linked to the history of the 'Fertile Crescent' and 'Levant'
Since Second World War timeline of 'Middle Eastern' history: Since Second World War timeline of 'Middle Eastern' history, as the British, the French, and the Soviet Union departed from many parts of the 'Middle East' during and after Axis Powers' World War II 1939–1945. The Arab–Israeli conflict in Palestine culminated in the 1947 United Nations plan of the partition of 'Mandatory Palestine' at the end of the British Mandate since World War I since 1914. Later in the midst of 'Cold War' tensions, the Arabic-speaking countries of Western Asia and Northern Africa saw the rise of pan-Arabism. The departure of the European powers from direct control of the region, the re-establishment of Israel, and the increasing importance of the petroleum industry, marked the creation of the modern Middle East. In most Middle Eastern countries, the growth of market economies was inhibited by political restrictions, corruption and cronyism, overspending on arms and prestige projects, and over-dependence on oil revenues. The wealthiest economies in the Persian Gulf, Red Sea region per capita and GDP are the small oil-rich countries of including the Emirate of Qatar, Kuwait, the kingdoms of Bahrain and Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates
1953 Iranian coup d'état against democratically elected PM Mohammad Mosaddegh: The 1953 Iranian coup d'état, the overthrow of the democratically elected PM Mohammad Mosaddegh in favor of strengthening the monarchical rule of the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi in August 1953 was orchestrated by the USA's 'Operation Ajax' and the United Kingdom's 'Operation Boot'. The clergy also played a considerable role. Mosaddegh had sought to audit the documents of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company AIOC, a British corporation today part of BP, in order to verify that AIOC was paying the contracted royalties to Iran, and to limit the company's control over Iranian oil reserves. Upon the AIOC's refusal to co-operate with the Iranian government, the Iranian parliament 'Majlis' voted to nationalize Iran's oil industry and to expel foreign corporate representatives from the country. After this vote, Britain instigated a worldwide boycott of Iranian oil to pressure Iran economically. Initially, Britain mobilized its military to seize control of the British-built Abadan oil refinery, then the world's largest, but PM Clement Attlee - in power until 1951 - opted instead to tighten the economic boycott while using Iranian agents to undermine Mosaddegh's government. Judging Mosaddegh to be unreliable and fearing a Communist takeover in Iran, UK prime minister Winston Churchill and the Eisenhower administration decided in early 1953 to overthrow Iran's government, though the preceding Truman administration had opposed a coup, fearing the precedent that CIA involvement would set
3rd millennium timeline of 'Middle Eastern' history: 3rd millennium timeline of 'Middle Eastern' history with following events, including in 2000 Israeli troops leave Lebanon, in 2001 members of al-Qaeda attacked sites in the USA, in 2003 USA/UK led invasion of Iraq, since 2004 to present Shia insurgency in Yemen, in 2005 Syrian troops leave Lebanon as a result of the Cedar Revolution, in 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict, Saddam Hussein executed for crimes against humanity, in 2010 beginning of the ongoing Arab Spring revolution in Tunisia, in Syria answered by Assad's war against the Syrian people for more than a decade in a 'Middle Eastern' key region linking 3 continents - with involvement of many interested powers including Iranian Mullah regime, Lebanon's Hezbollah, Russia's Putin regime, Turkey, contradictory USA, to either support the Syrian opposition or the ruling Ba'ath party -, in Egypt answered by military linked counter-revolution backed by European powers, since 2011 in Libya followed by Libyan civil wars and since 2011 global military interventions linked with Libyan oil production, holding the largest proven oil reserves in Africa, 2012 the first MERS outbreak (caused by Middle East respiratory syndrome–related coronavirus MERS-CoV), 2014 ISIS rises in Iraq and Syria, as now a rival terrorist group try to overthrow Syrian ruler, 2017 ISIS is defeated in Raqqa and Mosul, all control of territories in Syria and Iraq cease by 2019, since 2019/2020 unpredictable global covid-19 pandemic also in the 'Middle East' sparking health, economic and social crises, additionally to wars, since 2022 again in Europe with global impacts
2018–2022 Arab protests known Second Arab Spring: 2018–2022 Arab protests known Second Arab Spring, a series of anti-government protests in several Arab countries, including Tunisia, Morocco, Jordan, Sudan, Algeria, Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Libya, Oman, and Syria. Economic protests also took place in the Gaza Strip. Civil unrest in Iraq resulted in its Prime Minister being replaced. Sustained civil disobedience in Sudan resulted in the overthrow of president Omar al-Bashir in a military coup d'état, the Khartoum massacre, and the transfer of power from a military junta to a combined military–civilian Sovereignty Council that is legally committed to a 39-month transition to democracy.

Economy of the Middle East
Antisemitic boycotts, history, Arab League boycott of Israel: Arab League boycott of Israel - Economic effects and foreign reactions to the boycott of Israel - Boycotts of Israel - British and French judgements on public calls for a boycott of Israeli products, incitement and discrimination - Antisemitic boycotts and history
16 August 2020 phone service begins between Israel and UAE: 16 August 2020: Phone service begins between Israel and UAE, allowing access to Israeli websites, as normalization deal kicks in, and as Kuwait, competing with Iranian Mullah regime, says it will be ‘last’ country to normalize ties with Israel
6 January 2021 Sudan signs ‘Abraham Accords’ paving way for Israel normalization: 6 January 2021: Sudan signs ‘Abraham Accords’, paving way for Israel normalization

Economy of the menber states of the Arab League - Economy of the Arab League - List of Arab League countries by GDP (nominal)
2015 youth unemployment on the rise: 20 May 2015: Waged employment on the rise in the Middle East and North Africa but youth and women see further job losses, ILO says in its annual outlook - 23 May 2015: Mideast youth unemployment rises amid post-Arab Spring chaos, influx of refugees, prolonged conflict and low economic growth
June 2018 northern Sinai project: 18 June 2018: USA reportedly seeking to raise over $500 million from Gulf states to fund projects, including a power station and factories, aimed at improving the humanitarian situation in the Gaza Strip, as funds would be used to develop an industrial area in the northern Sinai region, which abuts Gaza
15/19 April 2020 Middle East 2020 covid-19 recession, migrant workers: 15 April 2020: The Middle East, already wracked by high numbers of unemployed youth, unrest, conflict and large numbers of refugees, will sink into a recession this year sparked by the double shock of the covid-19 outbreak and low oil prices, IMF said - 19 April 2020: Crammed into work camps, stood down from their jobs, facing high rates of infection and with no way home, hundreds of thousands of migrant workers are bearing the brunt of the covid-19 pandemic in the Middle East, migrant advocates and diplomats say
27 April 2020 Mideast economies take massive hit with oil price crash: 27 April 2020: Mideast crude-dependent countries scramble to compensate for losses from a key source of state revenue, with several already plagued by social unrest
19 August 2022 Middle East states in line for $1.3tn windfall from extra oil revenues: 19 August 2022: Middle East states in line for $1.3tn windfall from extra oil revenues, as IMF says it expects region’s oil and gas exporters to benefit from high prices over next four years, after oil and gas sector is in flux following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, which has upended markets and sent prices soaring when Putin’s tactic of limiting gas supplies into Europe has left countries seeking new supply sources

Agriculture in the 'Middle East' and Muslim countries: Agriculture in Afghanistan - Agriculture in Algeria - Agriculture in Bangladesh - Agriculture in Egypt - Agriculture in Indonesia - Agriculture in Iraq - Agriculture in Jordan - Agriculture in Lebanon - Agriculture in Libya - Agriculture in Morocco - Agriculture in Pakistan - Agriculture in Qatar - Agriculture in Saudi Arabia - Agriculture in Syria - Agriculture in Tunisia - Agriculture in Turkey - Agriculture in the United Arab Emirates
2000 'The Concept of Land Ownership in Islam and Poverty': 'The Concept of Land Ownership in Islam and Poverty', Nuzhat Iqbal, 2000, published by jstora
2006 'Land, Law and Islam - Property and Human Rights in the Muslim World': 'Land, Law and Islam - Property and Human Rights in the Muslim World', by Siraj Sait and Hilary Lim, London/New York 2006
2011 'Islamic principles and land', published by UN-Habitat: 'Islamic principles and land', published by United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), 2011

Middle East economic integration
Since 1950 (1953 first meeting) Economic and Social Council of the Arab League - Since 1972 Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development, a Kuwait-based pan-Arab development finance institution established by agreement of the Economic and Social Council of the Arab League, as all member-states of the Arab League are members of the AFESD
Since 1964 Council of Arab Economic Unity, founded by Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Mauritania, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Tunisia, Syria, United Arab Emirates and Yemen, following an agreement by the Economic Council of the Arab League
Since 1981 Cooperation Council for the Arab States, originally (and still colloquially) known as the Gulf Cooperation Council GCC, a regional intergovernmental political and economic union consisting of all Arab states of the Persian Gulf except Iraq
September 2013: 7 September 2013: The Gulf Cooperation Council urges the international community to intervene immediately to rescue the Syrian people from their government's oppression

Water politics in the Middle East - Integrated water resources management, defined by the Global Water Partnership as 'a process which promotes the coordinated development and management of water, land and related resources'
20 June 2022 Turkey continues to seize Syria’s share of Euphrates water: 20 June 2022: As Turkish government continues to block the flow of Syria’s water share in Euphrates river for a second consecutive year - giving Syria only 200 cubic metres or less of water in some days and months instead of releasing 500 cubic metres as agreed between Syria and Turkey, and in light of the decline in water level - Al-Raqqah Agriculture Authority has called on farmers to resort to a new agricultural plan, which is to cultivate 25% of the land area of yellow maize. The decline in water also caused the degradation of livestock and agriculture on the banks of the Euphrates River, as SOHR renews warning of an environmental catastrophe threatening food security in the Syrian Jazeera region and humanitarian crises which pose a threat to nearly two million and a half people in different areas in Al-Raqqah, Al-Hasakah, Deir Ezzor and Kobani

Since 1960/1961 Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC, an intergovernmental organization of 15 nations founded in Baghdad by the first five members Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela, and headquartered since 1965 in Austria, accounting in September 2018 for an estimated 44% of global oil production and 81.5% of the world's 'proven' oil reserves, giving OPEC a major influence on global oil prices
December 2018: 3 December 2018: Qatar is to pull out of Opec after nearly 60 years of membership of the oil cartel, but will attend a meeting this week that will discuss cutting output
5 October 2022 fears grow over oil price as Opec+ agrees to bigger than expected output cuts: 5 October 2022: Fears grow over oil price as Opec+ agrees to bigger than expected output cuts, curbing production by 2m barrels a day despite strong USA pressure, further squeezing supplies
7 October 2022 Saudi-Russian collusion a clear message to the USA, EU and the Middle East: 7 October 2022: Saudi-Russian collusion in broad daylight sends a clear message to Biden. The Saudis are cynical, intent on raising the price of oil and increasing their revenue. The Russians are all about creating discord between the USA and European Union. Together, they present a new kind of challenge for Washington.
4 June 2023 Opec+ to extend cuts in oil output into 2024 as prices flag: 4 June 2023: Opec+ group of oil-producing countries has reached an agreement to extend output cuts into 2024 in the face of flagging prices and a looming supply glut, as the oil cartel - at a meeting in Vienna of member countries which include the big producers Saudi Arabia, Iraq and Russia - reportedly agreed to reduce its output by 1.4m barrels a day

Corruption in the Middle East
January 2019 Corruption Perceptions Index 2018 presents grim reality: 29 January 2019: Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index 2018 presents a grim reality in the Middle East and Northern Africa where, despite some incremental progress by a select few, most countries are failing in the fight against corruption, as at the very bottom of the region, Syria scores 13, followed by Yemen (14) and Libya (17), and as both Syria and Yemen are also in the bottom five of the entire index

Human rights in West Asia, the 'Middle East' - Human rights in Israel - Human rights in Islamic countries - Middle Eastern society by country - Israeli society
2016 470,000 Syrians so far murdered by Assad's alliance since 2011: 13 February 2016: While Western leaders are not criminally responsible for the deaths of 470,000 Syrians so far murdered by the Assad regime since 2011, his helpers from Iran and Hezbollah and the Russian fighter jets bombing from high, it has happened on their watch and to a large degree through their inaction, Israeli newspaper 'Haaretz' says - 23 February 2016: The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights considers that the silence of the International community for the war crimes and crimes against humanity committed in Syria encourages the criminals to kill more and more Syrian people, because they have not found anyone that deter them from continuing their crimes
2018 Assad regime recorded its own atrocities, the world can’t ignore them: 27 August 2018: Assad’s Syria recorded its own atrocities, the world can’t ignore them, Channel 4 documentary's Sara Afshar says
2019-2022 first criminal trial worldwide on torture (universal jurisdiction) in Syria before a German court: As the Federal Public Prosecutor’s Office charged Anwar Raslan and Eyad A with crimes against humanity in October 2019. ECCHR supported 29 Syrian torture survivors in the so-called al-Khatib proceedings, 14 of whom were joint plaintiff, ECCHR is listing former cases concerning international crimes including 'Criminal Complaint against USA's CIA Director Gina Haspel', 2004 and 2007 three complaints against USA government members (Donald Rumsfeld' and military forces members in connection with war crimes, torture and other criminal acts in the military prisons of Guantánamo and Abu Ghraib, since 2019 criminal complaint against Assad’s intelligence officials following legal steps already taken in Germany and Austria (since May 2018 in Vienna in May 2018), since February 2019 criminal complaint against Assad’s intelligence officials in Sweden
13 January 2022 court jails former Syrian Assad regime's intelligence officer A. Raslan for life: 13 January 2022 after his arrest in 2014, former Syrian Assad regime's colonel Anwar Raslan - who led a unit of regimes's General Intelligence Directorate -, is sentenced by a German court to life in prison, after prosecutors had accused Anwar Raslan of 58 murders in a Damascus prison where they say at least 4,000 opposition activists were tortured in 2011 and 2012 - Das Oberlandesgericht in Koblenz hat am Donnerstag den früheren syrischen Geheimdienstoffizier Anwar Raslan der Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit schuldig befunden, und verurteilte ihn zu lebenslanger Haft. Der Prozess wurde unter dem Weltrechtsprinzip geführt, das es ermöglicht, in Deutschland auch schwere Straftaten in Drittstaaten zur Anklage zu bringen. - 13 January 2022 Anwar Raslan sentenced to imprisonment for life and given a week to appeal the verdict, according to 'Wikipedia'
11 March 2022 10,000 Asian migrant workers die in the Gulf every year, claims report: 11 March 2022: As many as 10,000 migrant workers from south and south-east Asia die every year in the Gulf countries, according to human rights organisations, with more than half of the deaths unexplained, as Gulf states are failing properly to investigate why so many migrant workers are dying

History of human rights in Asia - Capital punishment in the Middle East, as places with the death penalty in 2021 include Libya, Egypt, Iraq, Iraqi Kurdistan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Syria, Gaza, Palestinian Authority, Lebanon, Jordan, Iran, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, and the Sultanate of Oman
History of human rights in West Asia, Israel and Europe: History of human rights in Israel
Since 740 BCE Swords to ploughshares: In der Zeit von 740 und 701 v. Chr. reagiert der Schriftprophet der hebräischen Bibel Isaias (Jesaja) in Jerusalem, Juda und Israel auf die damalige Verarmung großer Bevölkerungsteile mit einer scharfen Sozialkritik und verheißt den Israeliten und umgebenden mehr oder weniger aggressiven Reichen der Region universalen Frieden und Gerechtigkeit - 740-701 BCE Isaiah (Tanakh 2:4) says that peoples 'shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning hooks', and 'nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more' - Beat your plowshares into swords, and your pruning hooks into spears, let the weakling say 'I am a warrior', according to Joel 3:10 or 4:10, as Micah says 4:3 'they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning hooks; nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more'
Roman empire's conquests in West Asia, 1st century Pilate's Court, trial and execution of Jesus of Nazareth: Roman empire's conquests in West Asia, 1st century Pilate's Court, rial and execution of Jesus of Nazareth
About 110 BCE - 10 CE religious leader, sage and scholar Hillel: Views of c. 110 BCE - 10 CE religious leader, sage and scholar Hillel and the founder of the House of Hillel school of tannaim
Since 6 CE Jewish resistance to the census imposed for Roman tax purposes: Judas of Galilee, or Judas of Gamala, was a Jewish leader who led resistance to the census imposed for Roman tax purposes by Quirinius in Judea Province around 6 CE - Seit Beginn des 1. Jahrhunderts jüdischer Widerstand gegen die römische Fremdherrschaft, während der auch Judas der Galiläer und seine zwei Söhne, Simon und Jakobus, die wie ihr Vater ihr Leben in den Dienst der Rebellion gegen die römische Fremdherrschaft stellten, von dem römischen Prokurator Tiberius Alexander (46–48 n. Chr.) gekreuzigt wurden - 66 CE Battle of Beth Horon was a battle fought in 66 CE between the Roman army and Jewish rebels - April–December 67 CE Galilee campaign, when Roman general Vespasian invaded Galilee under the orders of Emperor Nero in order to crush the Great Revolt of Judea
1st century views of Jesus of Nazareth: 1. Jahrhundert Ansichten und Wirken von Jesus aus Nazareth in Judäa, bzw. Galiläa bis 26 – 36 AD

Women's rights in the Middle East by country and subject
Women and women's rights in Israel: Women in Israel - Women's rights in Israel
Women and women's rights in Islam: Women in Arab societies - Women in Islam - Women's rights in Islam
1299-1922 Ottoman imperial consorts and worldwide traditions: From its inception in 1299 to its dissolution in 1922 Ottoman imperial consorts, a list of wives, concubines of the monarchs of the Ottoman Empire ruling over this transcontinental empire for many centuries establishing traditions in many parts of the world, and influencing ongoing traditions also in the 21st century i.e. in kingdoms - i.e. Saudi-Arabia, and also the origin of Islam and later one of the main actors in the petroleum age -, emirates, caliphates, restauration, recovery attempts and rebuilding in several regions, countries for example Sahel region and northern Africa, Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria
June 2018 Bahraini, Saudi women filmed crossing borders between Bahrain, Kuwait and Saudi-Arabia: 24 June 2018: Bahraini, Saudi women filmed crossing borders between Bahrain, Kuwait and Saudi-Arabia after Saudi driving ban lifted
Polygyny in Islam: Polygyny in Islam - Islamic marital jurisprudence - Gender roles in Islam - Marriage in Islam - Divorce in Islam - Islam and domestic violence
Freedom of religion, repression of religions, worldviews in Asia and Africa by country: Freedom of religion, repression of religions and worldviews in Asia and Africa by country - Islam and secularism

Childhood in Asia by country - Youth in Asia by country - Childhood in Africa by country - Youth in Africa by country - Childhood in Israel - Youth in Israel

Education in the Middle East and North Africa - Education in the Middle East by country - Education in Israel

Health by country and in the Middle East
February 2020 Chinese coronavirus fears grip Middle East: 25 February 2020: Chinese coronavirus fears grip Middle East as Iran denies cover-up, as shrine city of Qom believed to be virus hub, and as concern grows for region’s refugee population
March 2020 Persian Gulf countries scrambling to contain coronavirus: 13 March 2020: Persian Gulf countries have been scrambling to contain coronavirus as top Iran aide tests positive and outbreak has infected thousands of people in the country - 21 March 2020: Jordan goes on coronavirus lockdown, as several countries in the Middle East have closed schools, universities and nonessential businesses, and as Iran's death toll mounts, home to the region's worst outbreak and facing widespread criticism for its lagging response to the outbreak

Media in the' Middle East' (Western Asia)
Newspapers published in the Middle East: Newspapers published in the Middle East - Middle Eastern news websites
Censorship in the Middle East: Censorship in the Middle East, as censorship policy is used by governments to retain control over their people by preventing the public from viewing information considered by more or less autocratic governments as holding the potential to incite a rebellion. The majority of states in the Middle East censor the media, including Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, and Turkmenistan. Turkmenistan runs the third most stringent censorship program in the world.
Media coverage of the Arab–Israeli conflict: Media coverage of the Arab–Israeli conflict by journalists in international news media often said to be biased. These perceptions of bias have generated more complaints of partisan reporting than any other news topic and have led to a proliferation of media watchdog groups
Censorship in the West Bank, media in Israel: Censorship in the West Bank is the practice of controlling the content of what media within the West Bank were permitted to state, and what was, in various periods, denied free expression - Mass media in Israel
Middle East TV stations: Middle East TV stations including free online TV channels from Middle East countries, including Israel and Qatar
Killed journalists in the Middle East while covering the 'Arab Spring' since 2010/2011: Killed journalists in the Middle East while covering the Arab Spring since 2010/2011
Since 2003 12 Al Jazeera journalists killed on the front lines in the Middle East: Since 2003 12 Al Jazeera journalists killed on the front lines in the Middle East including Tariq Ayoub, killed on 8 April 2003 as a result of severe injuries he sustained when a USA aeroplane bombarded Al Jazeera’s building in Iraq's city of Baghdad, Rasheed Hamid Wali shot dead on 20 May 2004 when his team was covering clashes between USA troops and Jaish al-Mahdi militias in Iraq's city of Karbala, Ali Hassan al-Jaber, shot dead on 12 March 2011 while filming Libyan revolution events in Libya's city of Benghazi, Mohamed al-Massalma killed on 18 January 2013 by a sniper while he was covering the events in Syria's city of Deraa, Hussein Abbas killed on 1 May 2014 while on his way back from covering events in the outskirts of Syria' city of Idlib, Mohamed al-Qasim killed on 10 September 2014 in an ambush staged by unidentified assailants while on his way back from covering events in the outskirts of Syria's city of Idlib, Mahran al-Deery killed on 10 December 2014 while on his way to cover clashes between opposition fighters and Assad regime forces in Sheikh Miskeen town in the Deraa outskirts in Syria, Mohamed al-Asfar killed on 26 June 2015 while filming clashes between opposition fighters and Assad regime forces in the Manshiya neighbourhood in Deraa city in Syria, Zakariya Ibrahim killed on 7 December 2015 by shrapnel while covering an Assad regime army bombardment in Syria's province of Homs, Ibrahim al-Omar killed on 11 July 2016 by a Russian air raid on Termaneen town in Idlib outskirts in northern Syria, Mubarak al-Ebadi killed on 5 August 2016 while covering clashes in Jawf governorate in north Yemen, Shireen Abu Akleh killed on 11 May 2022 reportedly by Israeli forces in the occupied West Bank covering an Israeli army raid in the Jenin refugee camp when she was shot in the head

Xenophobia and racism in the Middle East by country - Racism in the Arab world
Antisemitism in the Arab world: Antisemitism in the Arab world
17 August 2022 Palestinian president Mahmoud Abbas has accused Israel of committing '50 Holocausts': 17 August 2022: Palestinian president, Mahmoud Abbas has accused Israel of committing '50 Holocausts' at a joint press conference with Germany’s chancellor in Berlin. Abbas was asked by a German journalist whether he planned to apologise for the deadly attack by Palestinian militants on Israeli citizens at the 1972 Munich Olympics, the 50th anniversary of which is on 5 September, when the militant group Black September, which killed 11 Israeli athletes and one German police officer during the hostage-taking, was linked to Abbas’s Fatah party at the time. 'If we want to dig further into the past, yes, please, I have 50 massacres that were committed by Israel' Abbas said. 'Fifty massacres, 50 Holocausts, and to this day, every day, we have dead people killed by the [Israeli Defence Forces], by the Israeli army'.

Terrorism in the Middle East by country - Terrorism in the Arab world by country - Islamic terrorism - Islamic terrorism by continent - Islamic terrorism by country
28 December 2020 Iran-backed Hezbollah says its precision missiles doubled in a year can hit all of Israel: 28 December 2020: Lebanon’s Hezbollah terror group has doubled the number of its precision missiles over the past year, the organization’s leader Hassan Nasrallah said in an interview, also claiming his Iran-backed Shiite group has the ability to accurately hit any part of Israel
Muslim attitudes toward terrorism - Islamism - Islamist groups - Shia Islamist groups - Sunni Islamist groups - Islamism by country
Slavery in 21st-century Islamism - History of slavery in the Muslim world

Religion in the Middle East
Judaism - Jewish history - Jewish–Roman wars, a series of large-scale revolts by the Jews of the Eastern Mediterranean against the Roman Empire between 66 and 135 CE ending with the destruction of Jerusalem, mass execution of Judean population and diaspora of survivors - Roman destruction of Judea and Jewish diaspora - Judaism by country - Judaism and science - Jewish views on evolution
Freedom of religion in Asia and Africa by country - Islam and secularism - Liberalism and progressivism in the Muslim world
Islam - Timelines of Muslim history - Muhammad (570-632) - List of expeditions and battles of Muhammad comprising information about casualties, objectives, and nature of the military expeditions ordered by Muhammad - Invasion and massacre of Banu Qrayza 627 - Violence in the Quran
Islam in the Arab world
Islam in Africa - Islam in Asia
2012 Syria banned: 16 août 2012: La Syrie mise au ban de la communauté musulmane par l'OCI
June 2019 survey of 25,000 people in Middle East and North Africa: 24 June 2019: The Arab world is turning its back on religion and on USA relations, according to a public opinion survey of more than 25,000 people across 10 countries including Algeria, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Sudan, Tunisia, Yemen and the Palestinian territories, finding a rise in the proportion of people describing themselves as 'not religious' from 11% in 2012-2014 to 18% this year, that trust in religious leaders has plummeted, also expressing concern over rising disquiet in their home countries and that governments are not meeting the expectations of their citizen
Shi'a-Sunni relations - Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict - Iran and state-sponsored terrorism
August 2013: 9 August 2013: Muslims celebrate Eid across the world amid bomb blasts and threats of violence

Arab League timeline since 1942/1944, as official representatives from Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, North Yemen, Saudi Arabia, and Transjordan met in Egypt during World War II and agreed to form the League of Arab States - Member states of the Arab League

History of the Arab League and Arab League summits since 1964 - Politics of the Arab League
2012 Arab League summit, water shortages and regional economy: 28 March 2012: Arab League begins key Baghdad summit - water shortages and regional economy top the agenda at 21-nation bloc's first meeting since the Arab Spring uprisings - 23 juillet 2012: Au terme d'une réunion à Doha, la Ligue arabe presse Assad de partir en échange d'une sortie 'sûre'
2013 summit in Doha where opposition against Assad regime will represent Syria for the first time: 26 March 2013: The Arab League is preparing for a two-day summit in Doha where opposition against Assad regime will represent Syria for the first time - 1 mai 2013: La Ligue arabe tente de relancer le processus de paix israélo-palestinien acceptant pour la première fois le principe d'un 'échange mineur de terre comparable et mutuellement accepté' - 27 August 2013: Arab League accuses Assad regime of chemical attack - 1 September 2013: Arab League urged the UN and the international community to take 'deterrent' action against the Syrian Assad regime over chemical attack - 8 September 2013: Arab ministers agree Syria chemical weapons attack crossed 'global red line'
2014 Arab League rejects Israel as Jewish state: 9 March 2014: Arab League backs Abbas' refusal to recognize Israel as Jewish state - 26 March: Arab League rejects Israel as Jewish state
2015 summit in Egypt amid growing security threats: 29 March 2015: Arab leaders gathered at a summit in Egypt will announce the formation of a unified regional force to counter growing security threats, as conflicts rage in countries such as Yemen and Libya - 7 April: Arab League calls the international community to intervene immediately to protect Palestinian refugees from ongoing infighting in Syria emphasizing that about 500,000 Palestinians are subject to inhuman attacks - 3 October 2015: Syrian Coalition calls for Arab League emergency meeting to respond to Russia’s aggression against Syrian people
2016 Arab League condemns Iranian meddling in Arab affairs: 11 January 2016: Arab League condemns Iranian meddling in Arab affairs, promising to support any measure against Iran to halt the regime’s terrorist acts - 11 March 2016: The Arab League declared Lebanon-based Shiite group Hezbollah a terrorist organization, decision supported by nearly all members, expect for Lebanon and Iraq, which expressed 'reservations'
September 2016 Arab League and OIC condemn the killing of civilians in Aleppo: 26 September 2016: The Arab League and the Organization of Islamic Cooperation on Sunday condemns the killing of civilians in Aleppo and called for the international community to intervene directly to stop what was occurring in the city
December 2016 Arab League condemns Assad regime's and allies' atrocities in Aleppo: 20 December 2016: Arab League condemns Assad regime's and allies' atrocities in Aleppo
July 2017 Arab League scolds Israel as Islamic Jihad praised deadly shooting attack: 15 July 2017: Arab League scolds Israel for Temple Mount closure, failing to mention attack, after Hamas and Islamic Jihad praised the deadly shooting attack at Jerusalem’s Temple Mount on Friday, while Palestinian social media was rife with accolades for the killers
November 2017 Arab League delivers harsh criticism of Iran and its Lebanese proxy Hezbollah: 20 November 2017: Arab League delivers harsh criticism of Iran and its Lebanese proxy Hezbollah, saying they will 'brief' the UN Security Council on Tehran's destabilizing policies in the region, announcing only one concrete measure that would ban Iranian-financed television stations
May 2019 Arab League condemned the military operations by Assad regime's and Russian forces: 10 May 2019: The Arab League condemned the military operations by Assad regime's and Russian forces targeting and killing civilians in in the provinces of Idlib and Hama, destroying several civilian buildings, including schools and hospitals, and forcing about 300,000 out of their homes
12 October 2019 Arab League condemns Turkey's military invasion into northern Syria: 12 October 2019: Arab League foreign ministers condemned Turkey's military invasion into northern Syria, calling on the UN Security Council to take action against Turkey
13 April 2020 SOC calls on Arab League to support action to punish Assad for chemical attacks: 13 April 2020: SOC sent a letter to the Arab League regarding the latest report issued by the OPCW confirming the responsibility of the Assad regime for three chemical attacks on Latamina in Hama countryside in 2017
21 June 2020 Arab League to hold urgent meeting on Libya on Monday: 21 June 2020: Arab League said it will hold an emergency meeting on Monday upon Egypt’s request to address the recently heightened tensions in the Libyan crisis, satellite Extra News reported
17 May 2021 Arab states split for first time on refusal to condemn Israel over Gaza: 17 May 2021: Arab states split for first time on refusal to condemn Israel over Gaza, as silence over bombing of occupied territory puts UAE, Bahrain, Morocco and Sudan at odds with their populations
30 October 2021 Arab League ‘concerned’ by ‘deteriorating’ Lebanon-Gulf ties: 30 October 2021: Arab League ‘concerned’ by ‘deteriorating’ Lebanon-Gulf ties, as league's statement comes hours after Saudi Arabia, Bahrain recalled their ambassadors to Lebanon in diplomatic feud
7 mai 2023 SOHR reports the Arab League voted to readmit Syria's Assad regime more than a decade after its suspension: 7 mai 2023: SOHR reports that the Arab League has voted to readmit Syria's Assad regime more than a decade after it was suspended following a bloody crackdown on street protests and the Syrian revolution. The decision was taken at a closed meeting of Arab League representatives at the league’s headquarters in the Egyptian capital Cairo.
18 May 2023 the readmission of Syria’s al-Assad regime to the Arab League sends a chilling message to regime’s victims: 18 May 2023: The misguided re-engagement with Syria’s Bashar al-Assad, as the readmission to the Arab League sends a chilling message to regime’s victims, 'The Financial Times' reports

Environment of the Middle East - Environment of the Mediterranean - 'Environment and Climate in the Middle East' website - news, conferences, policy discussions and academic publications on environmental issues and climate change in the Eastern Mediterranean - Arava Institute for Environmental Studies
Mediterranean climate: Mediterranean climate - Hot Desert climates - Arabian Desert climate - Hadley cell expansion and climate change

Environmental peacebuilding in the Middle East
2017 Israel, Jordan, PA to hold first-of-its-kind joint firefighting and rescue exercise: 11 August 2017: Israel, Jordan, PA to hold first-of-its-kind joint firefighting and rescue exercise in October, taking place in Israel and Jordan and including four European nations Croatia, France, Italy and Spain, to test cooperation in cases of major fires and disasters - 25 October 2017: Emergency response teams from Israel, Jordan and the Palestinian Authority, as well as Spain, Italy and France, gathered in Israel to learn how to work together and to overcome the common enemy 'natural disasters' as part of an exercise sponsored by the European Union

Natural disasters in the 'Middle East'
Weather events in Asia and Middle East winter and winter storms: Weather events in Asia
17 February 2021 heavy snowfall and gales sweep Middle East as winter storm hits: 17 February 2021: Snow blanketed parts of Syria, Lebanon, Jordan and Israel, blocking roads, disrupting traffic and postponing vaccination campaigns against covid-19 and even exams at some universities
Middle East heatwaves: Weather events in Asia - Middle East heatwaves
2015 extreme heatwaves could push Gulf climate including Iran’s coast beyond human endurance: 26 October 2015: Extreme heatwaves could push Gulf climate including Iran’s coast beyond human endurance if the world fails to cut carbon emissions, USA study shows
2016 Levant region drought began in 1998: 3 March 2016: The recent drought that began in 1998 in the eastern Mediterranean Levant region is probably the worst in 900 years, according to a new NASA report
Spring 2016 Levant region drought began in 1998: 10 August 2016: Record-shattering temperatures this summer have scorched countries from Morocco to Saudi Arabia and beyond, as climate experts warn that the severe weather could be a harbinger of worse to come
Summer 2017 Middle East heatwave: 10 August 2017: While Europe does battle with a heatwave named Lucifer, the Middle East including Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi-Arabia, Syria etc., is enduring a summer so brutal that even those accustomed to Baghdad’s searing August are labelling it 'ungodly', reaching 48C or higher since weeks
4 September 2020 hottest day in Israeli history, unprecedented 48.9°C: 4 September 2020: Hottest day in Israeli history as Eilat and Jerusalem record unprecedented highs, as Red Sea resort temperature hits unprecedented 48.9°C, as capital bakes at 109°F, and as heatwave set to last through middle of next week and medics treat 186 people countrywide
8 November 2021 at the current level of greenhouse gas emissions Middle East will suffer impossible living conditions: 8 November 2021: The Middle East and North Africa is already the hottest and driest region on the planet but climate change could make some areas uninhabitable in the coming decades with temperatures potentially reaching 60 degrees Celsius or higher. The repercussions throughout the Middle East and North Africa region would be devastating including chronic water shortages, the inability to grow food because of extreme weather and resulting drought, and a surge in heat-related deaths and health problems, study in the journal Nature noted
3 June 2022 'apocalyptic skies’ as the dust storms devastating Gulf states and Syria: 3 June 2022: ‘Apocalyptic skies’ as the dust storms devastating Gulf states and Syria, and as rising frequency of storms due to climate crisis is causing more loss of life and more destruction, say experts
June-July 2022 wildfires in North Africa, the Middle East, parts of Europe, amid heat waves: June-July 2022 wildfires affecting North Africa, the Middle East and parts of Europe, resulting from unprecedented heat waves, affecting in the Mediterranean countries Lebanon (9 July 2022 large forest wildfire near Nabatieh), Morocco (northern provinces), Tunisia (Jebel Boukornine wildfire near the capital Tunis), Turkey (in June on the Aegean Sea coast near Marmaris and in July on the Datça Peninsula)
Earthquakes in the Middle East: Earthquakes in the Middle East
November 2017 Iran–Iraq earthquake: 12 November 2017 Iran–Iraq earthquake - 15 November 2017: Israel's government offered humanitarian assistance via the Red Cross to the victims of the devastating earthquake that has killed hundreds in Iran and Iraq, but was immediately rebuffed by the Iranian regime
6 February 2023 two powerful earthquakes struck Turkey and Syria: On 6 February 2023, two powerful earthquakes struck southern and central Turkey. The first occurred south of the city of Kahramanmaras causing widespread damage in Turkey and Syria. With a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX and a magnitude of Mww 7.8, the first earthquake is tied with the 1939 Erzincan earthquake as the strongest to hit Turkey in recorded history. The earthquake was followed by numerous aftershocks, the strongest of which had a magnitude of 6.7 Mw. The Syrian Civil Defense called the situation in the northwest part of the Syria 'disastrous'. Many buildings collapsed and people were trapped. Collapses occurred in the cities of Aleppo, Latakia, and Hama. In Damascus, many people fled from their homes onto the streets. Many buildings in Syria had already been damaged by an almost 12-year-long civil war. The second earthquake occured 9 hours later in the same city, with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XII and a magnitude of Mww 7.5. At least 1,472 people were killed and more than 6,300 were injured. In Lebanon including Beirut buildings shook for up to 40 seconds, and damage in Lebanon was limited, with some buildings affected in the cities of El Minniyeh, El Minya, and Bourj Hammoud. - 6 February 2023: In Turkey and Syria second large earthquake strikes as death toll rises to over 1,500, 'The Guardian' reports with latest updates
8 February 2023 WHO sending expert teams and special flights with medical supplies to Turkey and Syria: 8 February 2023: The death toll from the huge earthquakes that struck Turkey and Syria has risen to nearly 11,500, as rescuers continued to pull survivors from the freezing rubble, as more than 298,000 people in Syria have been forced to leave their homes due to this week’s deadly earthquake, and as the WHO is sending expert teams and special flights with medical supplies to Turkey and Syria, 'The Guardian' reports with latest updates
11 February 2023 Turkey-Syria earthquake's death toll passes 24,000: 11 February 2023: Turkey-Syria earthquake's death toll passes 24,000, as calls for aid intensify. as rescue efforts continue and as UN warns hundreds of thousands of people urgently need food in wake of disaster, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
11 February 2023 Syria’s earthquake killed 5,189 people so far and made more than 5 million Syrians homeless: 11 February 2023: SOHR reported a new spike in the death toll of Syria’s earthquake, as 5,189 people have been killed so far, as well as the injury of thousands others, and as the fatalities include 2,049 people in Assad regime-controlled areas and 3,140 people in areas controlled by the 'Salvation Government' and the 'Syrian Interim Government'. The total death toll does not include victims whose relatives buried them shortly after the earthquake, even before the arrival of rescue teams, and 975 Syrians who were killed in Turkish territory due to the earthquake and whose bodies were transported to Syria. - 11 February 2023: More than 5 million Syrians may be homeless after Monday’s devastating earthquakes that struck the country and its neighbour Turkey, according to Syria representative of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR Sivanka Dhanapala, reportting 'as many as 5.3 million people in Syria may have been left homeless by the earthquake, ... 'that is a huge number and comes to a population already suffering mass displacement'
12 February 2023 UN aid chief Martin Griffiths said 'we have failed the people in north-west Syria': 12 February 2023: 10.26 GMT the UN’s emergency relief coordinator Martin Griffiths has said 'we have failed the people in north-west Syria' and they 'rightly feel abandoned', 11.10 GMT young girl rescued alive from rubble after 150 hours in Hatay, as another rescue was of Syrian Abdullah Elali living in Antakya, who was reportedly rescued after 151 hours also pulled from the rubble in Hatay, 'The Guardian' reports with latest updates - 12 February 2023: Turkey-Syria earthquake live news, as the Turkish government declared a three-month state of emergency in 10 provinces along its southern border with Syria, acknowledging 'shortcomings' in the state’s response to the quakes, 'Al Jazeera' reports with latest updates - 8 February 2023: SOHR activists reported that the number of Syrians killed due to the violent earthquake has increased to 3,508 people, as well as the injury of 3,000 others - 12 February 2023: As in other parts of Aleppo province Syrian citizens, and in neighbouring Turkish provinces Turkish citizens, are struggling with the effects of devastating earthquakes since 6 February, in western Ain Al-Arab (Kobani) a Turkish drone has attacked a military vehicle that was carrying members of 'SDF', which left deaths and injured members, the first drone attack by Turkey after the earthquake. Accordingly, the number of attacks carried out by Turkish drones on areas controlled by the Autonomous Administration in north and north-east Syria since early 2023 has increased to 9. These attacks left 8 fatalities, including 3 civilians, 4 military personnel and a driver, as well as the injury of over 3 others, and as in Al-Hasakah province 7 the Erdogan regime killed 4 military personnel, a driver, and 2 civilians one of them a child.
14 February 2023 eight days after quake Syria receives aid 14 février 2023: 8h15 un avion saoudien se pose à Alep, une première en plus de dix ans, chargé d'aide humanitaire, 8h07 un jeune homme de 17 ans nommé Muhammet et un homme non identifié ont été extraits vivants des décombres d'un immeuble d'habitation dans la province turque de Kahramanmaras, près de 198 heures après le premier séisme dévastateur de lundi dernier, selon CNN Turk, - 14 February 2023: SOHR activists have reported that the number of Syrians killed due to the violent earthquake in Syria has increased to 5,417, as well as the injury of thousands others, as the total death toll does not include victims whose relatives buried them shortly after the earthquake, even before the arrival of rescue teams
16 February 2023 the death toll from Turkey-Syria earthquakes is nearing 42,000: 16 February 2023: 10:12 GMT rescue workers have pulled alive a 17-year-old girl from the rubble of a collapsed building in the province of Kahramanmaras, 248 hours after the earthquake hit the area, according to TRT Haber, as 09:43 GMT 13-year-old Mustafa was rescued after spending 228 hours under the rubble of a collapsed building in Antakya, as 11:13 GMT in the second week following the earthquakes children in NW Syria ‘literally need everything’ according to UNICEF spokesman James Elder, outlining the grave risks faced by children in quake-hit areas of northwestern Syria - 16 February 2023: As more bodies of Syrians who died in Turkish territory due to violent earthquake have been transported to Syria, SOHR activists have reported the arrival of 1,702 fatalities
17 February 2023 Iranian-backed militias continue exploiting Syrians and the disastrous situation: 17 February 2023: Iranian-backed militias continue exploiting Syrians and the disastrous situation after the devastating earthquake for their narrow interests, as SOHR activists have confirmed that Iranian-backed militias brought in shipments of weapons and ammunitions in the past few days from Iraq to their positions in Deir Ezzor province - 17 February 2023: Residents of cracked houses fear new earthquakes in Homs province, after a residential building near Al-Makateb Square in Al-Bayada neighbourhood in Homs city collapsed today without any casualties, amid fear among residents of new earthquakes and their effect of the cracked buildings
18 February 2023 more bodies recovered from rubble, the number of Syrian people killed due to the earthquake has reached 8,168: 18 February 2023: As more bodies have been recovered from rubble, SOHR activists have reported that the number of Syrian people killed due to the earthquake has reached 8,168, as well as the injury of thousands others
19 February 2023 Turkey ends earthquake rescue efforts in all but two provinces: 19 February 2023: After on Saturday rescuers found a man and a woman alive in the 296th hour in Antakya city but their three children dead, Turkey has ended rescue efforts in all provinces except the two hardest hit by last week's massive quake, as Turkish disaster agency said Sunday 'they continue in Kahramanmaras and Hatay provinces', and as the total death toll including Syria is now 44,377
20 February 2023 two more powerful earthquakes hit southern of Turkey and areas in NW-Syrian two weeks after disaster: On 20 February, a Mww 6.3 aftershock struck near Antakya, causing additional buildings to collapse in Samandag and further damage in Antakya. At least three people died and 213 were injured in Hatay Province. In NW-Syria, damaged and abandoned buildings collapsed, as shaking was felt in Lebanon, Egypt and Jordan. - 20 February 2023: A violent earthquake hit southern of Turkey and areas in the Syrian north, causing the collapse of a cracked house in Jinderes in Afrin countryside and the damage of parts of buildings in Al-Atareb, leaving more than 42 civilians injured after they jumped from over the buildings and from windows. Moreover, stones fell in Salqin, Harim, Bosnya, Idlib, Khirbat Al-Jouz, Aleppo and Jabala. - 20 February 2023: Turkey hit by two more powerful earthquakes two weeks after disaster, as 3 people were killed and 213 injured, after quakes of 6.4 and 5.8 magnitude shake southern province of Hatay
21 February 2023 the toll from two earthquakes that hit Turkey and Syria on Monday has risen to 8, with up to 300 recovering from injuries: 21 February 2023: The toll from two earthquakes that hit Turkey and Syria on Monday – two weeks after powerful quakes killed more than 47,000 people – has risen to eight, with up to 300 recovering from injuries and up to a dozen buildings toppling on both sides of the border, as widespread anxiety and panic sparked by the latest tremors rattled a region that is still coming to terms with the devastation caused earlier this month
21 February 2023 despite earthquakes Assad regime forces shell villages: 21 February 2023: Despite disastrous conditions due to earthquakes Assad regime forces shell villages including Al-Mansourah and Kherbat Al-Naqous villages in Hama countryside and Al-Ruwayhah and Benin villages in Idleb countryside
23 February 2023 'Why was international aid slow to reach Syria?': 21 February 2023: As deadly tremors continue to shake Turkey and Syria, international aid has been slow to reach Syria, where decades of civil war have hindered efforts to reach survivors', as 'the head of the UN emergency relief operations Martin Griffiths said the international community has failed the people of northwest Syria', an admission shared by 'Al Jazeera' today reporting with updates in February 2023
Until 6 March 2023 insufficient aid to affected areas in Syria in the aftermath of Turkey/Syria earthquakes: Until 6 March 2023 insufficient aid to affected areas in Syria in the aftermath of Turkey/Syria earthquakes - 6 March 2023: One month after the devastating earthquakes that killed more than 50,000 people and injured more than 100,000 across Syria and Türkiye, thousands of families are still living in temporary shelters and struggling to access food and other essential goods. Amani* and her family of four lost their home in the Aleppo regional governorate in Syria. Amani used her body to shield her 12-year-old son Ahmad*. She was trapped with her husband and two children under rubble for four hours until they were rescued. Amani* and her husband are still recovering from their injuries and the family now lives in tents. 'My daughter doesn’t sleep anymore. She screams and yells, thinking she’s still under the rubble. She still believes that we are there,' Amani also reported. - 6 March 2023: A civilian died today after a wall fell from a building, cracked due to the devastating earthquake, near Hanano school in Idlib city north-western of Syria - 6 March 2023: A wind storm hit Syrian regions and strongly affected the camp area in north-western Syria and blew away tents of 2023 earthquake survivors




Bahrain - Geography of Bahrain - History of Bahrain - Demographics of Bahrain
Economy of Bahrain: Economy of Bahrain - main industries include petroleum processing and refining, aluminum smelting, iron pelletization, fertilizers, islamic and offshore banking, insurance, ship repairing, tourism - List of companies of Bahrain
Energy in Bahrain: Energy in Bahrain
Bahrain Petroleum Company and Banagas: Bahrain Petroleum Company wholly owned by the government of Bahrain, a fully integrated oil company - Banagas - Gulf Petrochemical Industries Company
2017: 12 November 2017: Bahrain blames main oil pipeline explosion on Iran-backed 'terrorism', as residents close to the incident near Buri village near Manama were being evacuated to a safe shelter
Agriculture in Bahrain: Agriculture in Bahrain, before the development of the oil industry, date palm cultivation dominated Bahrain's agriculture, since 1980s a significant number of palm groves had been replaced by new kinds of agricultural activities, including vegetable gardens, nurseries for trees and flowers, poultry production, and dairy farms, of approximately 2,400 farmers 70% do not own the land they cultivate, approximately 800 owners and absentee landlords control about 60% of all cultivable land, the ruling Al Khalifa own the greatest number of plots, including the largest and most productive ones
Banking and banks in Bahrain: List of banks in Bahrain - Central Bank of Bahrain
Financial services companies of Bahrain: Financial services companies of Bahrain
Labour relations in Bahrain: Since September 2002 'Workers Trade Union Law', passed by Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, King of Bahrain - Labour relations and migrant workers in Bahrain
Trade unions in Bahrain: Trade unions in Bahrain
2013: 12 January 2013: Firefighters locate remains of 13 people in three-storey building that caught fire at labour camp in Manama - 12 January 2013: Eleven Bangladeshi workers were among the 13 killed in a fire that gutted a labour camp in Manama
Military of Bahrain: Military of Bahrain
Politics of Bahrain: Politics of Bahrain - Since 2002 'King of Bahrain', after on 14 February 2002 the then-Emir of Bahrain Hamad ibn Isa Al Khalifa declared Bahrain a kingdom and proclaimed himself the first king - Constitution of 1973 following Bahrain's independence from Britain in 1971 - Constitution of 2002
Cabinet of Bahrain: Cabinet of Bahrain (the Council of Ministers) is appointed directly by the King
Political parties in Bahrain: Political parties in Bahrain
Trade unions and human rights organisations in Bahrain: Trade unions in Bahrain - Human rights organisations based in Bahrain
Bahraini opposition: Bahraini opposition - Bahrain Freedom Movement - February 14 Youth Coalition since 2011 - National Democratic Action Society - Progressive Democratic Tribune
National Assembly of Bahrain and elections: National Assembly of Bahrain - 40 royally-appointed members of the Consultative Council, the upper house
2010: Bahraini general election December 2010
2014: 22 November 2014 Bahraini general election
November 2018 Bahraini general election: 24 November 2018 Bahraini general election for the 40 seats in the lower house, following a crackdown on dissent that included prohibiting members of dissolved opposition groups from running
10 November 2020 for first time ever Bahraini Jews mark anniversary of 1938 'Kristallnacht': 10 November 2020: For first time ever, Bahraini Jews mark anniversary of 'Kristallnacht', as Kingdom’s only synagogue lit up to remember 1938 assault by Nazis on Jews and their property in Germany, part of global ‘Let There Be Light’ campaign against anti-Semitism, racism
Protests, social and political movements and repression in Bahrain: Protests in Bahrain
March/April 1965 uprising and independence of Bahrain in 1971: March/April 1965 Intifada, uprising calling for the end of the British presence in Bahrain, sparked by the laying-off of hundreds of Bahraini workers at the Bahrain Petroleum Company on 5 March 1965, resulting in the independence of Bahrain in 1971
1990s uprising in Bahrain: 1990s uprising in Bahrainan between 1994 and 1999 in which leftists, liberals and Islamists joined forces to demand democratic reforms and the reinstatement of parliament
2011-present Bahraini protests and uprising: Since 2011 Bahraini protests and uprising - Timeline of the 2011/2012 Bahraini uprising
April 2011: 3 April 2011: Bahrein bans main opposition newspaper - 28 April: Bahrein sentences protesters to death
June 2011: 2 June 2011: Security forces attack Bahraini protesters
July 2011: 1 July: Saudi troops quietly pull out of Bahrain after crackdown on anti-government protests - 3 July: 200 German tanks 'Leopard' to Saudi-Arabia - 4 July: Saudi sources confirm German tanks deal - 44 tanks already bought - Bahrain opposition to join dialogue process 2 July - 17 July: Opposition 'quits Bahrain-talks' - Human Rights Watch report: Violence to stop protesters from receiving treatment - doctors and nurses targeted - Protesters reject Bahrain dialogue results July 29
August 2011: 13 August: Bahrains's main opposition Al-Wefaq to boycott September 24 by-polls demanding a representative, elected parliament and civil rights - 31 August: 'Security forces' kill teenage boy dispersing protests
September 2011: 1 September: Thousands march at Bahraini boy's funeral - 2 September: Bahrain medics go on hunger strike over trials - 3 September: More detainees join Bahrain hunger strike - 8 September: Several Bahrain medics freed on bail - 17 September: Bahrain forces fire tear gas at funeral - 23 September: Again Bahrain forces fire tear gas on protesters - 29 September: Medics who treated protesters jailed for 5,10 and 15 years
October 2011: 2. Oktober 2011: Internationale Kritik an Sondergericht in Bahrain - verurteilte Ärzte fordern UN-Untersuchung - 3 October: 36 Bahrainis given prison sentences of between 15 and 25 years for taking part in rallies - 5 October: Bahrain retrial for 20 medics jailed over protests as 19 more activists are jailed over protests - 7 October: Police clash with funeral marchers - procession of thousands for 16-year-old Shia boy
November 2011: 4. November 2011: Panzerfahrzeuge und Tränengas gegen Trauerzug für einen nach Oppositionsangaben durch Polizeigewalt getöteten Mann - 22 November: Clashes on Tuesday between police and protesters mourning the death of 16-year-old Ali al-Badah, who was run over by police vehicles - 23 November: Commission says in a report accepted by government that Bahrain forces used 'excessive force' and tortured detainees in 2011 - 24 November: Police fire tear gas and rubber bullets as around 2000 Bahrainis protest against monarchy in the wake of the report into government human-rights abuses
December 2011: 7 December: Injuries as Bahrain police attack protest - 16. Dezember 2011: Polizei in Bahrein setzt Tränengas gegen schiitische Demonstranten ein und nimmt wahllos Regimekritiker fest - 31 December: One reportedly killed in anti-regime demonstration in Bahrain after last month's probe revealed abuses by security forces
2012: January-April 2012 Bahrain Grand Prix protests
January 2012: 2 January 2012: Shooting tear gas and stun grenades security forces clash with opposition protesters and mourners of a 15-year-old boy outside of Manama - 7 January 2012: Bahraini activist beaten by 'riot police' - 7. Januar 2012: Tausende trotzen dem Demonstationsverbot in Manama am Samstag - 10 January: Thousands Bahrainis protest outside the UN's office in Manama calling for intervention to protect civilians - 26 January: Bahrain confirms teen Mohammed Yaaqub died in police custody - opposition says cause of death war torture
February 2012: 4 February: Bahrain protests grow ahead of anniversary - 14 February: Bahrain police repel protesters in Manama
March 2012: 9 March: Tens of thousands of Bahrainis have demonstrated outside the capital Manama demanding reform and more democracy - 13 March: Bahrain added to web censorship blacklist - 23 March: Activists and opposition supporters demonstrate in locations across nation to demand equal rights for Shias
April 2012: 6 April: Thousands protest in support of hunger striker Abdulhadi al-Khawaja moved to army hospital after nearly two months - 18 April: Thousands of pro-democracy protesters marched through a village outside the Bahraini capital on Wednesday - 20 April: Thousands of Bahrain Formula One race protesters dispersed - 21 April: Protester Salah Abbas Habib killed during Bahrain clashes - 22 April: Bahrain Grand Prix held despite protests - 23 April: Funeral for killed Salah Abbas Habib and thousands of protesters as Bahrain court delays ruling in activists case - 30 April: Jailed opposition activist Abdulhadi Al-Khawaja is to have his case retried, an appeal court has ruled
May 2012: 4. Mai 2012: Tausende fordern in Bahrain Reformen und Wahl einer Regierung - 11. Mai 2012: Erneut Gewalt gegen Demonstranten, die die Freilassung inhaftierter Oppositioneller fordern - 19 May: Tens of thousands Bahrain protesters decry unity plans with Saudis - 28 May: Bahrain activist Al-Khawaja to end hunger strike following the release on bail of detained activist, Nabeel Rajab - 28 May: Bahrain activist Rajab released on bail
June 2012: 8 June: Police break up pro-democracy mass protests in Bahrain - 12 June: An 11-year-old boy chased down while playing in street and detained for nearly a month describes his time in custody, saying that police accused him of taking part in violent protests - 14 June: Bahrain court convicts medics for role in uprising - 27 June: Three policemen accused of killing three people during pro-democracy protests
July 2012: 10 July: Jail for Bahrain protest leader over tweet - 12 July: Huge crowds throng funerals for two Shia demonstrators killed by security forces in rallies following arrest of cleric - 20 July: Bahrain protesters renew clashes with police
August 2012: 3 August: Activists say Zainab al-Khawaja was held along with dozens of protesters demanding political reforms in Gulf kingdom - 7 August: Bahrain charges 15 policemen over abuses - 16 August: Bahrain activist Nabeel Rajab jailed for three years - 18 August: 16-year-old Husam al-Haddad died of injuries suffered after he was beaten by security forces in a confrontation late Friday night - 31 August: Tens of thousands join protest demanding release of prisoners and chanting anti-government slogans
September 2012: 4. September 2012: Manama Strafgericht verurteilt sieben bahrainische Regimegegner wegen ihrer Beteiligung an Strassenprotesten im Februar 2011 zu lebenslangen Haftstrafen - 8 September: Police fire tear gas at protesters calling for prisoner releases in Manama - 18 September: Seven lieutenants are charged with torturing Shia medics to obtain confessions - 29 September: Seventeen-year-old dies after police fire shotgun pellets at anti-government rally in Manama - 29 September: Police opens fire to disperse angry Shiite protesters following the funeral of the youth who was shot dead a day before
October 2012: 2 October: Bahrain medics jailed after losing appeal - 3 October: Rights activist Zainab al-Khawaja released from prison after a two-month jail term in an ongoing arbitrary political prosecution - 3 October: Protesters clashed with riot police after the funeral of a man jailed for taking part in last year's pro-democracy demonstrations - 6 October: Police use water cannon and tear gas to disperse mainly Shia protesters after memorial for Mohammed Ali Ahmed Mushaima who died in jail - 12 October: Police fire teargas and stun grenades to disperse hundreds of stone-throwing anti-government protesters - 30 October: Interior ministry imposed emergency-style rules banning all protest gatherings and threatening legal action against groups considered backing escalating demonstrations and clashes
November 2012: 2 November: Small demonstrations in support of a jailed opposition leader break out three days after the monarchy forbids them - 11 November: Government deploys paramilitaries to patrol city
December 2012: 1 December: Bahraini police fired tear gas and stun bombs to break up protests overnight in Shiite-populated villages around Manama, leading to arrests and injuries - 10 December: A court has sentenced pro-democracy activist Zainab al-Khawaja to one month in prison
January-March 2013: 7 January: Bahrain's highest appeal court has upheld the sentences of 13 activists for their part in anti-government protests last year - 10 February: Bahrain crisis talks to begin as Shiite envoys remain wary of opening a process that they believe has no chance of reaching their goals: forcing the ruling monarchy to give up its monopoly on power and allow an elected government - 14 March 2013: Anti-government protesters clash with riot police, two years after Saudi-led force quelled Gulf island's uprising - 28 March: Defence lawyer says, 21 medical personnel have been cleared of charges linked to anti-government protests but cases remain open against two others
April 2013: 21 April: Ongoing pro-democracy protests against Formula One Grand Prix 2013
May 2013: 10 May: The blogger Ali Abdulemam has been smuggled out of the troubled Gulf kingdom and taken refuge in the UK
2016: 2 avril 2016: Après le soulèvement de 2011 sur fond de printemps arabes, la répression dénoncée par les opposants se poursuit à Bahreïn - 13 June 2016: Bahrain detains rights activist Nabeel Rajab in raid that coincides with UN meeting in Geneva, as other activists were barred from attending and as UN official criticises repression - 18 July 2016: Bahraini authorities have stepped up their pressure on Nazeeha Saeed, the France24 correspondent who was detained and tortured 2011, now prosecuted for 'illegal reporting' on behalf of foreign media in what appears to be a renewed crackdown on free expression
2017: 26 January 2017: Bahraini human rights activist Nabeel Rajab accused at a court hearing, from which he and his lawyer were excluded, is facing a lengthy prison sentence simply for stating that journalists and international NGOs cannot enter Bahrain - 6 March 2017: Justice ministry files lawsuit to dissolve secular Wa’ad group, the main opposition party, and transfers many civilian judicial cases to a military court, amid fresh crackdown on dissent and human rights
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Bahrain: Bahraini society
Demographics and ethnic groups in Bahrain: Demographics of Bahrain - Ethnic groups in Bahrain - Ethnic, cultural and religious groups of Bahrain
Bahrani people: Bahrani people
Filipinos in Bahrain: Filipinos in Bahrain
Indians in Bahrain: Indians in Bahrain, today numbering at an estimated 400,000 people or 31% out of the country's total population of 1.3 million, making them the largest expatriate group in the country
Jews in Bahrain: Jews in Bahrain, as history of the Jews in the Arabian Peninsula dates back to Biblical times
History of the Jews in Bahrain: History of the Jews in Bahrain
10 November 2020 for first time ever Bahraini Jews mark anniversary of 1938 'Kristallnacht': 10 November 2020: For first time ever, Bahraini Jews mark anniversary of 'Kristallnacht', as Kingdom’s only synagogue lit up to remember 1938 assault by Nazis on Jews and their property in Germany, part of global ‘Let There Be Light’ campaign against anti-Semitism, racism
Pakistanis in Bahrain: Pakistanis in Bahrain
Migrant workers in Bahrain: As of 2011 there were more than 458,000 migrant workers in Bahrain, many of whom experience prolonged periods of withheld wages, passport confiscation, unsafe housing, excessive work hours and physical abuse, according to Human Rights Watch
Culture of Bahrain: Culture of Bahrain
Religion and freedom of religion in Bahrain: Religion and freedom of religion in Bahrain
Languages of Bahrain: Languages of Bahrain - Bahrani Arabic
Women and women's rights in Bahrain: Women in Bahrain - Polygamy - legal in Bahrain - Women's rights in Bahrain
Education in Bahrain: Education in Bahrain
Health in Bahrain: Health in Bahrain
Media of Bahrain: Media of Bahrain
Censorship in Bahrain: Censorship in Bahrain, notorious for jailing journalists, deemed ‘Not Free’ in terms of Net Freedom and Press Freedom by Freedom House, and the 2016 World Press Freedom Index by Reporters Without Borders ranked Bahrain 162nd out of 180 countries
Journalist arrests: Journalist arrests, escalating during the uprisings of 2011
Newspapers in Bahrain: Newspapers in Bahrain
Internet in Bahrain: Internet in Bahrain - Internet surveillance and filtering - Arrested bloggers in Bahrain
Human rights in Bahrain: Human rights in Bahrain - Human rights organisations based in Bahrain
Since 2011 Human rights reports on the Bahraini uprising: Since 2011 Human rights reports on the Bahraini uprising
2017 'grand prix' protest: 15 April 2017: If F1 can't help protect ordinary Bahrainis, stop the grand prix, Bahrain Institute for Rights and Democracy's Alwadaei says, as the race exacerbates the human rights abuses that take place in Bahrain, with any protest or criticism being silenced to protect financial interests
Crime in Bahrain: Crime in Bahrain
Torture and police brutality in Bahrain: Torture in Bahrain
2012: 29 April 2012: Bahrain's police continues to beat and torture detainees including minors, Human Rights Watch says
2011/2016: 30 May 2011 - 20 January 2016: France 24 correspondent Nazeeha Saeed tortured for covering pro-democracy demonstrations
Prisons in Bahrain: Prisons in Bahrain
Corruption in Bahrain: Corruption in Bahrain
Human trafficking in Bahrain: Human trafficking in Bahrain
Law of Bahrain: Law of Bahrain - Constitutions of Bahrain - 'Amiri Decree', the decree of an Emir in Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates - 1974 'State Security' decree law in Bahrain
Judiciary of Bahrain: Judiciary and court system of Bahrain
Court of Cassation (supreme court) in Bahrain: Since 1989 Court of Cassation, established as a supreme court of appeal, as the judges for the court are appointed and removed by royal decree and the current Chief Justice of Bahrain and president of the Court of Cassation is Khalifa bin Rashid Al Khalifa, a cousin of King Hamad and the prime minister, and a member of the Al Khalifa ruling family of Bahrain
December 2018 rights activist Nabeel Rajab case: 31 December 2018: Bahrain’s supreme court, whose verdicts are final, upheld a five-year jail term against high-profile rights activist Nabeel Rajab for writing tweets deemed offensive to the state and who is already serving a two-year term in another case
Law enforcement in Bahrain: Law enforcement in Bahrain
Prisons in Bahrain: Prisons in Bahrain
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Capital punishment in Bahrain: Capital punishment in Bahrain
July 2019 Bahrain executions: 27 July 2019: Bahrain executes 2 in terrorism case decried by activists, despite last minute appeals by UN's Agnès Callamard and Human Rights Watch, citing allegations of torture - 27 July 2019: Bahrain executes three people, despite human rights outcry
Foreign relations of Bahrain: Foreign relations of Bahrain
International reactions to the 2011-2013 Bahraini uprising
Bahrain and the United Nations: Bahrain and the United Nations
July 2019: 26 July 2019: A last-minute appeal to stop the imminent execution of two men in Bahrain has been issued by the UN special rapporteur on extrajudicial killings, Agnès Callamard, also saying the men were allegedly tortured, prevented from attending their trial and sentenced to death in absentia, as pressure mounts on the country’s king to revoke the death sentences
Bilateral relations of Bahrain: Bilateral relations of Bahrain
Bahrain/Argentina relations:
July 2019 Hezbollah a terrorist organization: 19 July 2019: Bahrain on Friday joined Israel in commending Argentina for branding the Hezbollah a terrorist organization and freezing its assets, 25 years to the day after a bombing blamed on the Iran-backed group destroyed a Jewish community center
Bahrain/India relations: Bahrain/India relations
Indians in Bahrain: Indians in Bahrain
Bahrain/Iran relations: Bahrain/Iran relations - Arab-Iran relations: Bahrain - Safavid dynasty, Shia Islam state religion and Safavid rule in Bahrain 1602–1717
Relations since 1979 Islamic regime in Iran: Bahrain-Iran relations since 1979 Islamic regime in Iran and its intention to export its Islamic revolution throughout the Muslim world, especially in the Arab world
Bahrain/Israel relations: Bahrain/Israel relations
2018: 7 January 2018: With rare Israel visit, Bahraini delegation - including Sunni and Shiite Muslims, as well as Buddhists, Christians, Hindus and Sikhs - seeks new dialogue for coexistence
June 2019 Bahrain backs Israel’s right to exist: 26 June 2019: Israel is here to stay, and we want peace with it, Bahrain FM says to 'Times of Israel', also saying Manama conference could be 'gamechanger’
12 September 2020 Bahrain normalizes ties with Israel: 12 September 2020: Bahrain normalizes ties with Israel weeks after UAE deal
Bahrain/Oman relations: Bahrain/Oman relations
1717: 1717 Omani invasion of Bahrain
Bahrain/Pakistan relations: Bahrain/Pakistan relations - Pakistanis in the Middle East - Pakistanis in Bahrain
Bahrain/Philippines relations: Bahrain/Philippines relations
Filipinos in Bahrain: Filipinos in Bahrain
Bahrain/Portugal relations: Portuguese rule in Bahrain 1521-1602
Bahrain/Saudi Arabia relations: Bahrain/Saudi Arabia relations - Bani Utbah federation of Arab tribes, which originated from Najd - 1783 Bani Utbah invasion of Bahrain - House of Khalifa, the ruling family of Bahrain and belonging to the Utub tribe that migrated from Najd to Kuwait in the early 18th century
Bahrain/United Kingdom relations: Bahrain/United Kingdom relations
1820 Bahrain British protectorate: Signing the General Maritime Treaty with the United Kingdom in 1820, Bahrain became a British protectorate - General Maritime Treaty of 1820
1971 Bahrain's declaration of independence: After a plebiscite Bahrain declared independence on 15 August 1971
10 May 2019: 10 May 2019: I’m fasting in protest outside Royal Windsor Horse Show to save my father in Bahrain', Ali Mushaima says, whose father Hassan Mushaima, a major opposition party's leader and a lifelong campaigner for democracy in Bahrain, was arrested, tortured and jailed for life by military tribunal and is still denied medical care, as human rights groups have condemned his cruel and humiliating treatment and called for his release
Bahrain/USA relations: Bahrain/USA relations
2012: 11 May 2012: USA partially resumes military supplies to Gulf Arab ally Bahrain
Environment of Bahrain: Environment of Bahrain - Geology of Bahrain - Geography of Bahrain, consisting of Bahrain Island and 33 of the 37 Bahrain Islands, lying in the Arabian Gulf's Gulf of Bahrain off the north shore of Asia's Arabian Peninsula - Climate of Bahrain, having an extremely hot summer and a relatively mild winter
Landforms of Bahrain: Landforms of Bahrain - List of islands of Bahrain
Water in Bahrain: Water in Bahrain - Bodies of water of Bahrain, groundwater and seawater are the only sources
Environmental concerns and issues of Bahrain: Environmental concerns and issues of Bahrain include periodic droughts, dust storms, desertification resulting from the degradation of limited arable land, coastal degradation (damage to coastlines, coral reefs, and sea vegetation) resulting from oil spills and other discharges from large tankers, oil refineries, and distribution stations, lack of freshwater resources (groundwater and seawater are the only sources for all water needs


Iraq - Geography of Iraq - History of Iraq - Demographics of Iraq
Wars against Iran 1980-1988, against Kuwait 1990/1991 and war crimes: Iraq/Iran war 1980-1988 - Iraks Krieg gegen Iran 1980-1988 - Irakischer Giftgaseinsatz, USA-Lieferungen u.a. - USA support for Iraq during the Iraq/Iran war - Gulf War 1990/91 - Iraks Angriff auf Kuwait, zweiter Golfkrieg 1990/91 - March/April 1991 (after the Gulf War) uprisings in Iraq held back from continued success by internal divisions as well as a lack of anticipated USA support
Iraq War 2003-2011, Iraq/USA-United Kingdom relations and war crimes: Category: Iraq War 2003-2011 - Irakkrieg seit 2003 - Besetzung des Irak 2003-2011 - "Iraq War Logs" (Tagebuch des Irakkriegs) - 16 December 2011: Alleged Wikileaks activist Bradley Manning due in court - wide criticism of inhuman detention conditions since May 2010
'We don't do body counts' (USA-General Franks): "We don't do body counts" (US-General Franks) - Kriegsverbrechen z.B. der USA - Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse - 17 March 2013: At least 112,000 civilians were killed in the 10 years since the USA-led 2003 invasion of Iraq, according to the Britain-based Iraq Body Count group
2004: Second Battle of Fallujah
2005: USA Haditha massacre 2005
2008: 4,5 millions Iraq War orphans in 2008
2011: Iraq to chase $18bn of Iraqi oil money stolen after the 2003 USA-led invasion - USA rights group (Human Rights Watch) seeks Bush 'torture' inquiry' July 2011 - Human Rights Watch: Getting Away with Torture - 2 August: USA urges 'quick Iraq decision' on troop stay - 6 August 2011: Abu Ghraib abuse ringleader of USA military guards released from military prison - for 'good conduct' - 21. Oktober 2011: USA-Truppen werden vollständig zum Jahresende 2011 aus dem Irak abgezogen - 29 December 2011: USA pushes ahead with arms deals to Iraq including $11bn worth of fighter jets and tanks and coming in the worsening political crisis of the USA war victim
2012: 5 January 2012: Last member of squad of the USA Marine Corps accused of ambushing Iraqi civilians appears in court, six years after the massacre - Haditha massacre 2005 - 24 January: USA 'change' - Marine sergeant Wuterich who told his troops to "shoot first, ask questions later" in a raid that killed unarmed Iraqi women, children and elderly pleaded guilty Monday in a deal that will carry no more than three months confinement - 25. Januar 2012: Das USA-Massaker von Haditha 2005 bleibt ungesühnt - 4. Februar 2012: Wikileaks-Informant über Kriegsverbrechen Manning muß vor Militärgericht - 30 July: More than $200m was wasted on a programme to train Iraqi police that the government in Baghdad neither needed or wanted, US auditors have found
2013: 29 January 2013: British troops in Iraq killed civilians including women, the elderly and children and committed 'terrifying acts of brutality', the British High Court heard today - 3 February: American way of death - 'Al-Shaitan Ramad' named America's deadliest Navy Seal sniper after killing and murdering 160 Iraqis during the Iraq War shot dead at Texas gun range - 4 March 2013: The Al-Sweady Inquiry in London was shown gruesome photographs of bloodied corpses - 5 March: British troops alleged to have murdered up to 20 prisoners after a fierce battle in May 2004 in southern Iraq, and tortured five other captives - 9 mars 2013: Une enquête révèle que la torture était pratiquée en Irak pendant l'occupation américaine et accuse les États-Unis d’avoir couvert des actes de torture
Since 2003 sectarian violence, attacks, terrorism and continued war in Iraq: List of suicide bombings in Iraq since 2003 - Terrorist incidents in Iraq by year
2006-2008: Sectarian violence as part of the Iraq war, February 2006 – May 2008
May 2011: Mai 2011: Bombenanschläge in Kirkuk Mai 2011
September 2011: 30. September 2011: Viele Tote bei Anschlag auf Trauerfeier in Hilla
November 2011: 26 Novemer: Bomb blasts in Baghdad kill at least 15 Iraqis - 22 December: Deadly series of attacks rock Baghdad
December 2011: 26 décembre: Attentat-sucide meurtrier contre le ministère de l'Intérieur
January 2012: 5 January: New bombings target mainly Shia area of the Iraqi capital - 5 January: Wave of bombings leave scores dead across the country - 10 January: Many deaths in series of Iraq attacks - 14 January: Suicide bomb kills dozens in Basra Shia pilgrim attack - 15 January: A series of car and roadside bombs strike Ramadi, targeting the police - 24 January: Deadly blasts in Baghdad's Sadr City - 26 January: Deaths in attacks on Iraq's Sunni districts
February 2012: 23 February: Car bombings, shootings and explosions target mostly Shia neighbourhoods, leaving at least 55 dead across the country
March 2012: 5 March: At least 27 security and police personnel killed, officials say, as gunmen storm checkpoints in city of Haditha - 20 March: Deadly explosions in series of attacks on Iraqi cities
April 2012: 19 April: Several blasts in Iraq capital and northern city leave several people dead and dozens injured
May 2012: 31 May: Six blasts across Baghdad kill at least 17
June 2012: 4 June: Blast strikes Shia charity office in Iraq - 13 juin: Série d'attentats à Bagdad et Hilla
July 2012: 23 July: Deadly attacks and series of explosions in various cities, including capital Baghdad
August 2012: 1 August: At least 19 killed and another 47 wounded in explosions targeting shopping area and passport office in Iraqi capital - 10 August: At least nine people killed in multiple blasts targeting Shia worshippers and security forces in northern Iraq - NZZ 12. August: Sieben Tote bei Angriff auf Schiiten bei Amerili - 16 August: At least 13 people killed in separate explosions north of the capital Baghdad - 17 August: Bombs, attacks kill more than 50 in 15 cities and towns nationwide ahead of Eid
September 2012: 9 September: At least 73 people killed and more than 200 injured in attacks against Iraqi security forces across the country - 26 September: Bombings and shootings mainly targeting Iraqi security forces kill eight people, a day after a wave of attacks against members of the security forces left nine police officers and soldiers dead and 11 wounded - 30 September: Bomb and gun attacks in multiple cities kill at least 37 people and leave more than 90 wounded
October 2012: 28 October: Simultaneous bombs across Iraq target Shia Muslims leaving scores dead and wounding dozens
November 2012: 14 November: A series of car bombs and a roadside explosion have killed at least 20 people across Iraq - 29/30 November: Shia worshippers and security forces targeted in bombings that killed 48 and injured many more across four provinces
December 2012: 17 December: Attacks against Iraqi security forces and Shiites kill at least 20 people - 31 December: Car bombing kills two people south of Baghdad - 31 December: At least 23 people have been killed and scores injured in shootings and bombings in several cities and towns
January 2013: 3 January: A car bomb has killed at least 20 Shia Muslim pilgrims and injured others in the Iraqi town of Musayyib - 16 January: At least seventeen people killed and many others injured in two car bomb attacks in Kirkuk and Tuz Khurmatu - 23 January: Targeting the funeral of a relative of a politician who was killed a day earlier a suicide bomb at the Shiite Sayid al-Shuhada mosque in Tuz Khurmatu in north Iraq killed at least 42 people
February 2013: 3 février: Plusieurs dizaines de morts dans une attaque contre la police à Kirkouk - 4 February: A suicide bomb targeting anti-Qaeda militiamen collecting their salaries north of Baghdad killed at least 22 people and wounded 44 others - 8 February: A spate of car bombs in Baghdad and central Iraq, including two explosions minutes apart at a popular bird market, killed 16 people and wounded dozens - 9 February 2013: Six people including a woman were killed and more than 25 wounded in a rocket attack on an Iranian dissident camp in Iraq's capital Baghdad - 12 February: A suicide car bomber and unidentified gunmen killed at least 12 people in the Iraqi city of Mosul - 16 February: Suicide bombers in Tal Afar and a sticky bomb near Baghdad kill an army intelligence officer and a senior judge
March 2013: 1 March: At least 22 people were killed in a series of blasts in Shi'ite neighbourhoods of Baghdad - 12 March: Attacks across Iraq killed 12 people, including three people who died in a suicide bombing at a police station near a school that also wounded 165 others - 14 March: At least 20 people killed and 50 others injured after after three car bombs and a suicide attack hit the Green Zone of Baghdad - 17 March: Car bomb kills ten people, wounding 16, near the outskirts of the south Iraq city of Basra - 19 March 2013: A series of coordinated car bombs and roadside blasts hit Shi'ite districts across Baghdad and south of the Iraqi capital, killing at least 25 people and wounding 88 others ten years after the beginning of US-led invasion - 26 March: Explosion rips through armoured car, killing two local politicians in town of Tuz Khurmatu - 29 March: Four Shia mosques in Baghdad and one in Kirkuk struck by car bombs, with reports of at least 18 dead and dozens hurt
April 2013: 6 April: A coordinated attack involving a suicide bomber at an open-air election campaign meeting in Baquba in central Iraq kills 25 people - 12 April: A bomb exploded near a Sunni mosque north of Baghdad killing seven people, the latest in an uptick in violence in the run-up to elections next week - 15 April: Seven killed, 118 wounded in a series of car bomb blasts across the country - 23 April: Bomb attacks on Sunni mosques in Iraq killed 13 people and wounded dozens of other people - 24 avril: Après plusieurs jours de violences intercommunautaires où près de 125 personnes sont mortes, des hommes armés ont pris le contrôle de Souleimane Bek au nord de Bagdad - 26 April: Nearly 50 people were killed in clashes on Thursday in the northern Iraqi city of Mosul - 27 April: Bomb blasts in Baghdad killed at least 20 more people on Friday - 29 April: Three car bombs exploded south of Baghdad on Monday, killing nine people and wounding 70 others
May 2013: 2 May: At least 22 people were killed in attacks across Iraq on Wednesday - 6 May: A series of attacks including a blast near an Internet cafe in a Sunni area killed nine people and wounded dozens on Sunday in and around Baghdad - 7 May: Shootings and bombings in Iraq, including one targeting a provincial council member, killed seven people and wounded two others - 15 mai: Des vendeurs dans des magasins d'alcool à Bagdad disent craindre pour leur vie au lendemain d'une attaque d'inconnus contre des échoppes vendant de la bière et des spiritueux qui a fait douze morts - 15 May: Bomb attacks in Shi'ite areas of Baghdad and in northern Iraq killed more than 30 people on Wednesday - 16 May: A suicide bomber attacked a Shiite place of worship in Kirkuk, killing 12 people - 18 May: Bombs targeting Sunnis, including two outside a mosque in Baquba and one at a funeral procession, killed 67 people in Iraq on Friday, after dozens died in two days of attacks on Shiites - 18 May: Gunmen raid the house of an anti-terrorism police officer in the southern suburbs of Baghdad, killing five people including him and his sleeping family - 18 May: A string of attacks killed at least 16 people on Saturday, while gunmen abducted eight policemen guarding a post on Iraq's main highway to Jordan and Syria - 20 May: 10 Iraqi policemen killed by militants in attacks on checkpointsin the West of the country - 20 May: Wave of attacks hits Shiite and Sunni areas of Iraq, killing at least 86 people - 21 May: Four bombings in a Turkmen Shiite area of Tuz Khurmatu and in Kirkuk killed five people and wounded 69 today - 27 May: More than 70 people were killed in a wave of bombings in markets in Shi'ite neighbourhoods across Baghdad - 28 May: Bombings and gunfire in central and northern Iraq killed at least 11 people and wounded 35 others on Tuesday - 30 May: Car bombs and roadside explosions hit mainly Sunni Muslim districts of Baghdad and a northern city, killing at least 27 people - 31 May: Bombs kill 25 in Sunni-Shiite neighbourhoods across Iraq, three policemen killed by gunmen in Fallujah
June 2013: 6 June: Iraqi officials say two car bomb explosions in Baghdad have killed at least six people and wounded more than two dozen - 7 June: Car bomb in Najaf kills 10 Iranian pilgrims - 10 June: At least 12 people have been killed in a series of bombings in a market north of Baghdad - 10/11 June: A wave of bombings and attacks rocked central and northern Iraq on Monday, targeting market-goers, police posts including an assault on police headquarters in Mosul and killing more than 70 people - 16 June: At least 10 apparently coordinated car bombs and a shooting across Iraq have killed at least 24 and wounded dozens - 17 June: At least 12 people were killed in three bomb attacks in Iraq today, police said - 20 June: A suicide bombing in northern Iraq killed a provincial political party leader and four relatives, ahead of elections - 25 June: Baghdad car bombs kill 23, injures 81 - 25 June: Suicide bombers target Iraqi Turkmen, killing eight - 29 June: A series of bombs near a bakery, at a funeral, inside a senior police officer's car and at a football stadium killed at least 22 people across Iraq - 29 June: Attacks in Sunni Arab areas of Iraq killed 10 people on Saturday
July 2013: 1 July: A bomb planted near a yard where people were playing soccer in Nahrawan, south of Baghdad, killed 12 and wounded 24 people on Sunday - 2 July: More than 2,500 people were killed in Iraq in the past three months, the UN said on Monday as new attacks left 41 people dead - 3 July: Suicide attacks, bombings and shootings erupted across Iraq today, killing at least 17 people - 8 July: In two days of violence 19 people were killed, including six family members shot dead while returning from a wedding - 12 July: Militants killed 25 Iraqi security forces in a wave of attacks, and 15 other people died in other attacks including 10 mourners in twin bombings - 13 July: Bomb attack on a tea house in Kirkuk kills 31 people - 14 July: Two bomb attacks near Sunni mosques in the Iraqi capital killed at least 23 people who had gathered to pray - 19 July: Suicide bomber kills 20 people in a Sunni mosque in the town of Wajihiya - 21 July: A wave of bombings killed 65 people in Baghdad province and the commercial areas of the capital, without a claim of responsibility for the attacks - 22 July: Gunmen raid Iraq's Abu Ghraib and Taji jails, as bombings and shootings kill 13 people on Sunday - 22 July: A suicide bomber attacks an army convoy in the eastern Kokchali district of Mosul, killing at least eight soldiers and two passers-by - 23 July: At least 500 escape in deadly assaults on Iraq prisons - 23 July: Bombs targeting worshippers gathered for evening prayers at three Sunni mosques in Iraq killed nine people on Tuesday - 25 July: Militants killed nine police in an attack with mortars and automatic weapons, while 14 people including six soldiers died in other violence - 25 July: 14 Shia truck drivers shot dead after being stopped by gunmen on main road leading north of Baghdad - 26 July: At least 28 people killed in bombings and shootings across Iraq, including a car bomb that exploded in a busy market killing 14 people in central Muqdadiya - 28 July: A suicide car bomber rammed his vehicle into a Kurdish security patrol in northern city of Tuz Khormato killing eight people and wounding five more - 29 July: At least 22 killed and more than 100 injured in coordinated bombings targeting mainly Shia areas in Baghdad and Basra - 31 July: A Shiite and a Sunni mosque in Baghdad have been targeted in bombings that killed at least nine people, officials say
August 2013: 1 August: July deadliest month in Iraq since 2008, UN says - 4 August: Bombings and shootings across Iraq killed 19 people, including an ambush that targeted a military convoy - 7 August: A series of car bombs targeting busy markets and shopping streets in and around Baghdad killed at least 51 people and wounded more than 100 on Tuesday - 11 August: Baghdad car bombs kill dozens in attacks on Shia neighbourhoods - 15 August: Car bombs across Baghdad kill at least 33 people - 24 August: Suicide bombing in a park in northern Baghdad crowded by cafe- and restaurant-goers the bloodiest attack in a day of violence that killed at least 36 people across the country - 28/29 August: Baghdad bomb attacks extending the wave of sectarian bloodshed killed 86 people and wounded 263, police and medical sources say - 30 August: Iraqi officials say bomb blasts at a market north of Baghdad and another on the outskirts of the capital have killed 23 people - 30 August: Two roadside bombs exploded on the edge of the north Iraq town of Tuz Khurmatu, killing at least 13 people, most of them children - 31 August: Gunmen killed five worshippers at a Sunni mosque in Baghdad on Saturday
September 2013: 3/4 September: A series of car bombs exploded across Iraqi capital, killing nearly 60 people in predominantly Shi'ite districts - 10 septembre: Au moins 16 personnes ont été tuées, dont six alors qu'elles lavaient le corps d'un mort avant de l'enterrer - 12 September: Bombings at Shi'ite mosque in Baghdad kill at least 33 - 13 September: A pair of roadside bombs exploded outside of a Sunni mosque in Baquba, killing at least 30 people as they left the building after Friday prayers - 15 September: A suicide bomb attack at a funeral held by members of Iraq’s Shabak ethnic minority near the city of Mosul in northern Iraq killed 26 people and left 46 others injured - 16 September: A wave of car bombings and other attacks in Iraq killed at least 58 people in mostly Shiite-majority cities in south and central Iraq - 22 September: At least 56 killed in Baghdad bombings - 23 September: A suicide bomber struck a Sunni funeral in Baghdad on Sunday, killing at least 12 people - 23 septembre: Au moins neuf personnes ont été tuées et 27 blessées lundi dans un attentat contre des funérailles sunnites à Adhamiya, dans le nord de la capitale - 25 September: Militants attacked local government and police buildings in Hawijah with suicide bombings and mortar fire, sparking clashes that killed 14 people, among 24 deaths nationwide - 26 September: Bombs ripped through outdoor markets in and near Baghdad on Thursday, killing at least 21 people and wounding dozens - 29 September: At least 40 people were killed when a suicide bomber blew himself up at a Shi-ite Muslim funeral in Mussayab, 60km south of Baghdad, on Sunday - 29 septembre: Au moins six personnes ont été tuées dans une série d’attentats à Erbil, au Kurdistan irakien
October 2013: 2 October: Militants shoot down military helicopter in the region of Kirkuk and Salahuddin province, killing all four crew members - 5 October: Gunmen killed two Iraqi journalists in the city of Mosul, as other violence including a suicide bombing at a cafe left 20 people dead - 8 October: Eight explosions in mainly Shi'ite districts in Baghdad, one explosion in a mixed area and another in the predominantly Sunni Muslim neighbourhood of Doura kill at least 38 people - 10 October: 20 people killed on Thursday, among them four anti-Al-Qaeda fighters shot dead by gunmen, eight militants killed by security forces, civilians and police killed by bombings in Baghdad and northeast of Baquba - 12 octobre: Une voiture piégée a explosé au nord de Bagdad, faisant au moins 12 morts - 13 October: More than a dozen bombs exploded in Iraq on Sunday, killing at least nine people and wounding more than 70 others - 15 octobre: Neuf personnes ont été tuées dans un attentat ayant visé mardi des fidèles à Kirkouk, après la prière marquant le début de l'Aïd al-Adha - 17 October: Seven car bombs exploded in Baghdad province, killing at least 24 people and wounding at least 70 - 20 October: Dozens killed in bomb attack on Baghdad cafe while at least another 12 died in a spate of bomb attacks on security personnel and government buildings - 24 October: Iraqi journalist Bashar Abdulqader killed in Mosul - 26 October: Bombings in central Iraq that targeted a market, a cafe and the homes of police officers killed 13 people on Friday - 27 October: Ten bombings mainly targeting Shiite-majority areas of Baghdad province killed at least 41 people, while 20 died in bombings and shootings elsewhere in Iraq
November 2013: 5 novembre: Treize personnes, la plupart des membres des forces de sécurité, ont été tuées mardi en Irak - 8 November: Attacks in Iraq, including a double suicide car bombing targeting a military base in Tarmiyah, kill 30 people across the country - 10 novembre: Au moins sept morts dans des violences dans le nord du pays, principalement à Mossoul - 13 November: Violence across Iraq, including bombings against Shiites, kills twenty three people on the eve of rituals - 17 novembre: Au moins 17 morts dans des attaques à Bagdad - 22 November: A truck bomb tore through an outdoor vegetable market in Sadiyah, the deadliest of a series of attacks that killed at least 48 people - 26 novembre: Un attentat suicide à l'entrée d'une base de l'armée au nord de Bagdad a fait au moins 7 morts et 22 blessés - 29 November: Market bombings, attacks across Iraq kill 29 people - 30 November: 52 people dead in throwback to Iraq's sectarian bloodshed - 30 novembre: Sept personnes morts samedi dans de nouvelles attaques qui ont frappé la périphérie de Bagdad et les environs de Mossoul et Touz Khoumartou
December 2013: 7 décembre: Attaques contre des commerces de boissons alcoolisées, 9 morts - 8 December: 35 people killed in wave of Baghdad area bombings - 13 December: Oil workers massacred in Iraqi town of Muqdadiya in al-Qaida-style attack - 15 December: At least 17 people, most of them Shi'ite Muslims, killed in a wave of bombings and shootings across Iraq - 19 December: Suicide bombers, militant attack kill 41 across Iraq - 20 December: Two bombings in a market and another in a cemetery as people buried victims of the first blasts killed at least 11 people in Tuz Khurmatu - 21 December: At least 18 Iraqi military officers were killed in an ambush in the province of Anbar - 25 December: At least 34 people killed in bomb attacks in Christian areas of Baghdad on Wednesday, some by a car bomb exploding near a church after a Christmas service - 30 December: At least 18 people including soldiers were killed in attacks across Iraq on Sunday
2014-present Iraq War: Iraq War (2014–present)
January 2014: 2 January: Violence in Iraq surged in 2013 to its worst level in five years, fuelled by discontent among the Sunni Arab minority and the civil war in neighbouring Syria - 2 January: Iraqi security forces and armed tribesmen battle al Qaeda-linked jihadist militants who reportedly seized swathes of the two Sunni-majority cities of Fallujah and Ramadi - 3 January: Clashes kill 62 Al Qaeda militants in the Ramadi area - 4 janvier: La ville de Fallouja est passée aux mains des islamistes - 5 janvier: Les autorités irakiennes veulent reprendre la cité de Fallouja à Al-Qaïda - 6 January: Residents are fleeing Fallujah - 13 January: Bomb attacks kill at least 18 in Baghdad and Tuz Khurmatu - 19 January: Attacks across Baghdad, including car bombs at an up-scale shopping mall and near a juvenile detention centre, kill 21 people - 25 January: Shelling against a Shiite Muslim village killed six people on Saturday, including a young boy - 30 January: Baghdad bombs and shooting kill at least 19 people - 31 January: Six suicide bombers burst into a Ministry of Transportation building, took hostages and killed at least 24 people including themselves
February 2014: 5 February: A string of rush-hour bombings has hit Baghdad, killing at least nine people - 13 February: At least 17 civilians and soldiers were killed in bomb attacks across Iraq on Wednesday - 13 February: Sunni Islamists overrun Iraqi town of Sulaiman Pek north of Baghdad after seizing city - 18 February: Bomb blasts in predominantly Shi'ite districts of Baghdad and in Hilla kill at least 49 people
March 2014: 1 March: UN says 703 Iraqis killed and 1,381 wounded in violence in February - 7 March: Shelling in Fallujah and a shooting targeting a local official killed eight people on Friday
April 2014: 2 April: Bombings around Iraq kill eight people ahead of elections - 6 April: An explosion at a booby-trapped house, clashes with militants and roadside bombings killed 21 soldiers in Iraq - 9 April: Six car bombs rocked mainly Shiite-populated areas of Baghdad, killing at least seven people and wounding 30 - 15 April: Shelling in Fallujah killed five people and wounded 16, while mortar rounds and twin suicide bombings in Ramadi left one dead and eight wounded and a man was shot dead in the northern province of Kirkuk - 19 April: Two bombs planted on a street full of shoppers in Baghdad have killed four people and wounded eight - 25 April: Explosions at Iraq election rally in Baghdad kill 31 people
May/June 2014: 4 May: As officials count ballots from the general election, more than 30 people killed in 24 hours in Iraq violence - 12 May: Over 41 people were killed and 30 others injured across Iraq in separate attacks that mainly targeted security forces
June 2014: 8 June: A wave of car bombs exploded across Baghdad, killing more than 60 people, and militants stormed Anbar university campus - 2014 Northern Iraq Isis offensive since 5 June - 10 June: Isis insurgents seize control of Iraqi city of Mosul - 11/12 June: 500,000 people flee Iraq's second city of Mosul after Islamist militants took control and Iraq army capitulates in more cities - 12 June: Isis forces take Tikrit, a day after 35,000 Iraq soldiers reportedly fled an Isis force of 800 in Mosul - 12 June: Iraqi Kurdish forces take Kirkuk after central government's army abandons posts and Isis captured towns - 13 June: Iraq's senior Shi'ite cleric urges followers to fight Sunni militants, who captured two more Iraqi towns - 14 June: Iraqi forces massing in Samarra - 15 June: Series of explosions kills 15 people, wounds 30 in Baghdad as followers of Shia group heading to Baghdad to join the Iraqi army and fight against Sunni insurgents - 17 June: Residents flee as insurgents take the northern Iraqi city of Tal Afar after a two-day battle with security forces - 17 June: Scores of Iraqis killed during battle for provincial capital of Baquba, that also shuts main oil refinery - 19 June: Iraqi forces battle Islamists for control of country's largest refinery Baiji, as 250-300 workers are evacuated - 20 June: Iraqi militants seize Saddam's top chemical weapons facility used to make chemical agents including sarin during the Iran-Iraq war, but any weapons found inside reportedly useless - 21 June: Sunni militants seize Syrian border crossing after killing some 30 Iraqi troops in a day of clashes - 24 June: Islamists launch push to seize Baiji oil refinery as Kerry visits Irbil and Maliki agrees to set up new government by 1 July - 24 June: Iraqi air strikes killed at least 32 people as security forces held off attacks on Haditha and Baiji - 26 June: Iraqi Kurds strengthen their positions while Isis advances and Maliki insists that any new government must be based on an election he won - 26 June: With USA troops now deployed in Iraq, the Iraqi army is making a push to drive ISIS back from Baghdad and launches aerial assault against ISIS - 28 June: Thousands from a predominantly-Christian town south of Mosul flee from fighting between Isis and Kurdish forces - 28/29 June: Iraqi army makes push to retake Tikrit from Islamists, claiming Tikrit retaken
July 2014: 4 July: Iraq army reportedly retakes Awja - 6 July: Iranian pilot killed fighting against Sunni Muslim militants in Samarra north of Baghdad - 9 July: The Islamic State extremist group, formerly known as ISIS, has taken control of a vast former chemical weapons facility northwest of Baghdad, where remnants of 2,500 degraded chemical rockets filled decades ago with the deadly nerve agent sarin are stored along with other chemical warfare agents, a threat now played down by the USA, invading Iraq 2003 for alleged threat of weapons of mass destruction - 11 July: Iraq's security forces and allied Shiite militias executed at least 255 Sunni prisoners as they fled a lightning jihadist-led advance last month, Human Rights Watch says - 12 July: Iraq battles assault on the city of Ramadi while the Kurds claim disputed oilfields - 18 July: The escalating violence in Iraq has killed more than 5,500 civilians over the first six months of 2014, UN says - 19 July: Baghdad bombings kill dozens
August 2014: 6 August: Kurds, Islamic State clash near Kurdish regional capital Arbil - 8 August: USA's Barack Obama orders air strikes against IS terrorists in northern Iraq, humanitarian aid drops to threatened people - 9 August: USA forces bomb IS/Isis militant positions targeting frontlines around Kurdish capital of Irbil, food for civilians dropped on Mount Sinjar to help encircled refugees - 10 August: Obama warns of long campaign as Iraq strikes continue against Isis, as minorities flee Islamist onslaught and British planes join relief effort - 10 August: Aided by USA air strikes, Peshmerga forces liberate Zamar, Makhmour and al-Gweir areas northern Mosul, near Irbil - 11 August: USA conducts fourth food, water drop for civilians besieged by jihadists - 12 August: USA urges Abadi to form new government swiftly as fears grow for the besieged Yazidi community and the resistance movement against IS depends on solidarity and inclusion - 13 August: As UN's Ban Ki-moon urges countries to do more for threatened civilians in Iraq, USA sends more 130 troops to support the resistance in the Irbil area< - 14 August: USA team in Iraq assesses that there are far fewer Yazidis on Mount Sinjar than feared adding that the USA will continue to provide humanitarian assistance - 14 August: Thousands of Iraqi refugees reportedly 'still at risk' despite ending of Mount Sinjar siege, as hundreds of thousands driven from their homes by IS terrorists - 15 August: IS militants reportedly murdered some 80 Yazidis in a village in Iraq's north - 17 August: As part of a joint Iraq-USA plan, USA air strikes targeting Islamic State militants near Iraq's Mosul dam - 17/18 August: Key facility retaken by Kurdish forces after major campaign of USA airstrikes near Mosul Dam began
September/October 2014: 11 September: Obama announces expansion of USA campaign against terrorist 'Islamic State' in Iraq and Syria - 12 September 2014: Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon and Gulf states agree to join USA-led military campaign against Islamic State terror group - 16 September: USA begins expanded air strikes on Islamic State in Iraq - 30 September/1 October: Retaking lost ground in August, Iraqi Kurdish forces capture a strategic border crossing and several villages from Islamic State terrorists, with new signs of cooperation in the border region of northern Iraq - 1 October: As Australia sends two unarmed planes to support USA air strikes in Iraq, British jets bomb Islamic State for first time - 11/12 October: At least 45 people killed in bombings in Baghdad and its rural outskirts as the government continues to fight against jihadists and USA defense secretary says Iraqi forces are in full control of Baghdad - 12 October: Islamic State suicide bombers kill 28 Kurds in an attack on a Kurdish security headquarters and a provincial police chief - 14 October: Rights group accuses Iraqi government of supporting and arming groups of Shiite fighters carrying out kidnappings and killings against Sunni civilians in response to Islamic State - 16 October: Islamic State terrorists target Baghdad with deadly wave of car bombs and mortar attacks - 20 October: After seizing two Kurdish villages, Islamic State terrorists reportedly advanced on the Iraqi town of Qara Tappa disguised as Kurdish peshmerga fighters, new deadly attacks in Bagdad and Kerbala - 24 October: Iraqi forces must be trained, armed and ready before major advances, USA says - 25 October: Kurdish regional forces retook the northern Iraqi town of Zumar and several nearby villages - 26 October: Iraq government forces and militias take control of strategic town of Jurf al-Sakhar south of Baghdad, breaking the grip of Islamic State terrorists after months of fighting - 28 October: As a car bomb kills at least eight people in Baghdad and a suicide bombing left dead at least 14 pro-government fighters south of the capital, the US-led coalition carries out fresh air strikes against terrorists in Iraq and Syria
November/December 2014: 2 November: Islamic State terrorists executed 67 people from a pro-government Sunni tribe in the western Iraqi province of Anbar - 27 November: Iraqi forces backed by tribesmen hold off 'Islamic State' attack on Ramadi - 28 November: New series of USA military air strikes hit 'Islamic State' in Iraq and Syria - 4 December: 'Islamic State' cedes little ground despite coalition's air attacks - 17 December: Iraqi Kurdish forces launch offensive to retake 'Islamic State' held areas - 18 December: Iraqi Kurds backed by USA air strikes reportedly free 'vast area' of Mt Sinjar freeing trapped Yazidis - 21 December: Iraq Kurds deliver aid to Mt Sinjar, expand their offensive against 'Islamic State' and push its militants out of a large area around Mt Sinjar, backed by USA-led air strikes - 28 December: Hundreds of executions by 'Islamic State', also killing its own members, in Syria reported, as Iranian general killed by sniper bullet in embattled Iraqi city - 29 December: Iraqi forces launch offensive on 'Islamic State' in Dhuluiyah
2015: 1 February: Iraq Kurdish forces retake oil field, villages in Kirkuk province from 'Islamic State' terrorists, freeing also 24 workers who had been taken captive - 8 February: At least 40 people killed in Baghdad bombings as decade-old nightly curfew ends, 'Islamic State' claims responsibility for one attack - 9 February: At least 13 civilians killed in a suicide bombing at a security checkpoint in western Baghdad's Shi'ite neighborhood of Kadhamiya - 14 February: Sunni tribal leader and seven others killed in Baghdad ambush - 20 February: Expected operation to retake Mosul from 'Islamic State' terrorists will likely begin in April or May - 24 February: Wave of bombings around Baghdad kills 28 people - 26 February: A USA-led coalition air strike near the Iraqi border town of Al-Qaim reportedly killed at least 17 'Islamic State' terrorists and nine civilians overnight - 28 February: Kurdish fighters rout 'Islamic State' terrorists from Tel Hamees in Syria’s northeastern Hassakeh region near Iraq - 28 February: Iraq bombs kill dozens in attacks north of Baghdad - 2 March: Iraqi forces begin assault on 'Islamic State' stronghold Tikrit - 3 March: USA-led coalition conducts more airstrikes on 'Islamic State' targets in Syria and Iraq, as at least four Shi’ite militias will help try to liberate Mosul - 6 March: Islamic State terrorists 'bulldozed' ancient city of Nimrud, Iraqi ministry says - 9 March: Backed by coalition airstrikes, Kurdish forces attack 'Islamic State' terrorists around Kirkuk - 12 March: Iraqi forces enter 'Islamic State' held Tikrit after 10-day push - 14 March: Evidence that IS used chemical weapons, Iraqi Kurds say - 22 March: Iraqi Sunnis accuse Shi'ite paramilitaries of burning homes outside Tikrit - 1 April: Iraq's defense ministry declares 'magnificent victory' over Islamic State terrorists in Tikrit - 4 April: Shi'ite fighters leave Tikrit under government deal after looting - 14 April: A car bomb in a commercial area in Mahmoudiyah south of Baghdad killed at least seven civilians and wounded 13 others - 16 April: IS terrorists clash with security forces inside Iraq's largest refinery in Anbar province - 18 April: Iraqi forces reportedly retake most of Baiji refinery - 19 April: More than 90,000 people fleeing violence in Iraq's Anbar province as bombings and mortar fire targeting public places kill 14 people around the capital Baghdad, UN says - 28 April: 3 car bombs on busy streets and marketplaces in Baghdad kill at least 19 people, a day after a wave of bombings hit the capital - 1 May: Five car bombs exploded across Baghdad on Thursday evening, killing at least 17 people - 14 May 2015: Five members of one family, including a pregnant woman and girl aged eight, died in Fadhiliya in suspected USA-led air strike, as other victims of the anti-IS air campaign may go unrecorded - 18 May: Ramadi falls to IS terrorists after Iraq military forces have fled abandoning their weapons, dozens of army vehicles and Iraqi PM's calls for reinforcement - 18 May: About 500 people — both civilians and Iraqi soldiers — are estimated to have been killed and thousands fled as Ramadi fell to the IS terrorists - 24 May: Iraqi forces regain ground from Islamic State terrorists east of Ramadi - 29 May: Bombings targeting two top hotels in Baghdad kill 15 people, with another 42 wounded - 4 June: UN appeals for half a billion dollars in international aid to help tackle worsening humanitarian crisis in Iraq triggered by the conflict with Islamic State - 10 June: USA's Obama weighs sending several hundred more USA troops to Iraq - 11 June: USA's expanded military campaign will set up a new base in Anbar Province to advise Iraqi forces on how to plan and organize operations and help them reach out to Sunni tribes and bring them into the battle
12 June 2015 - present 'Battle of Mosul', offensive launched by the Iraqi government and Kurdish forces against 'Islamic State' terrorists - 15 June: Seventeen people killed in battles between 'Islamic State' terrorists and pro-government forces near Iraq's Baiji refinery - 6 July: Heavy fighting as Iraqi Shi'ite fighters and army troops try to surround Falluja - 13 July: Baghdad bombings in Shia Muslim neighbourhoods and blamed on 'Islamic State' terrorists, reportedly kill at least 21 and wound 62 during Ramadan - 13 July: Iraq says operation to retake the country's largest province Anbar from 'Islamic State' underway - 14 July 2015: Iraq conflict leaves nearly 15,000 civilians dead over last 16 months, as UN report estimates death toll is in addition to 30,000 wounded and multiple gross human rights abuses - 18 July: A car bomb claimed by 'Islamic State' terrorists killed at least 80 people including children in a busy market in Iraqi town of Khan Bani Saad, about 20 miles northeast of Baghdad, while Muslims were celebrating end of Ramadan - 22 July: At least 32 people killed in bomb attacks across Iraq, the deadliest incident in northeastern Baghdad - 11 August: Three explosions, two of them suicide bombings, killed at least 33 people near Baquba, the capital of Iraq's eastern province of Diyala - 13 August: 'Islamic State' terrorists' truck bomb attack in the Iraqi capital's Jameela market kills 58 people also wounding at least 89 - 16 August: A series of bombings across Baghdad have killed at least 24 people on August 15 - 26 August: Kurds launch new assault on 'Islamic State' terrorists in northern Iraq - 30 September 2015: Kurds take ground from Islamic State terrorists in north Iraq, driving them out of several villages near the oil city of Kirkuk - 10 October: Iraq says forces advancing in several areas north and west of Ramadi - 17 October: Iraqi forces in huge anti-terrorist push in Baiji as part of their biggest advance against the Islamic State - 22 October: In a raid by Kurdish troops and USA special forces in northern Iraq nearly 70 hostages facing 'imminent mass execution' have been rescued from an Islamic State terrorists' jail, also leading to the first USA combat death since 2011
November/December 2015: November 2015 Sinjar offensive of Kurdish Peshmerga forces to recapture the city of Sinjar from the Islamic State terrorists - 12 November: Kurdish forces launch an extensive push to retake Sinjar city in northern Iraq, 15 months after it was seized by Islamic State terrorists - 13 November: Kurdish forces seize Iraq's Sinjar town from IS terrorists - 22 décembre: L'armée irakienne est entrée dans le centre de Ramadi - 27 décembre: Les forces kurdes ont arrêté et tué plusieurs membres du groupe Etat islamique à Riyadh en Irak - 28 December: Iraqi forces seize key base in Ramadi from 'Islamic State' terrorists - 29 December: Iraq's army will need Kurdish fighters' help to retake Mosul, Iraqi Finance Minister Zebari says, adding that its liberation would mark the end of the caliphate proclaimed by the 'Islamic State' terrorists
2016: 4 January 2016: At least two Sunni Muslim mosques have been attacked in Iraq in apparent retaliation for the execution of a Shi'ite cleric in Saudi Arabia - 11 January 2016: Dozens dead in spate of attacks by 'Islamic State' terrorists suicide bombers and gunmen in Iraq - 19 janvier: L'Etat islamique continue à mener des actes qui pourraient constituer des crimes de guerre, contre l'humanité et potentiellement un génocide, selon un rapport de l'ONU, qui cible aussi des violations de tous les autres acteurs - 22 January 2016: Kurds and Shias face off over Kirkuk in vacuum left by Iraqi army - 28 February: Bombings claimed by the Islamic State terrorists killed at least 33 and wounded at least 79 people in a Shiite area of Baghdad on Sunday - 6 March: Devastating busy checkpoint crowded with traffic in Hilla, 'Islamic State' terrorists' truck bomb kills 47 people south of Baghdad - 25 mars 2016: Double offensive à Palmyre et Mossoul contre le groupe Etat islamique - 25 March: Suspected 'Islamic State' suicide bomber kills 29 at football match in Iskanderiyah near Baghdad, as Iraqi forces recapture territory in western and northern provinces - 11 mai 2016: Au moins 34 personnes ont été tuées et une cinquantaine blessées mercredi dans un attentat à la voiture piégée ayant visé un marché à Bagdad - 15 May: Bomb attacks against a state-run cooking gas factory in Baghdad's northern outskirts on Sunday killed at least 11 people, including policemen, and wounded 21 others - 17 May: Two bombs went off in Baghdad on Tuesday, killing at least 13 people and wounding more than 40 - 24 mai: Les forces irakiennes poursuivaient leur vaste offensive pour reprendre la ville de Fallouja au groupe Etat islamique, une bataille qui met la population civile en grave danger - 29 May: Fears for civilians trapped inside Fallujah and in northern Syrian Islamic State terrorists' areas - 29 May: Servicemen from the USA-led coalition are assisting Kurdish Peshmerga forces in a new offensive in Iraq that aims to retake a handful of villages from Islamic State terrorists east of their Mosul stronghold - 30 May: Iraqi army enters Falluja in attempt to drive out Islamic State terrorists - 5 juin: Les forces irakiennes impliquées dans les opérations pour la reprise de Fallouja au groupe terroriste Etat islamique ont découvert dimanche une fosse commune qui contiendrait des centaines de corps - 9 June 2016: Two separate terror attacks targeting commercial street and army checkpoint in Baghdad kill at least 22 and wound more than 70 - 12 June: Iraqi forces gain ground against Islamic State terrorists south of Mosul - 17 June: Iraqi forces reportedly seized a tactically significant district in the embattled city of Falluja - 26 June 2016: Iraqi forces recaptured the last remaining district held by Islamic State terrorists in Falluja on Sunday, declaring the battle complete - 3 July 2016: At least 83 people were killed and 176 wounded in two separate bomb attacks in the Iraqi capital early Sunday, as one blast targets busy shopping center in Karada, killing 78 and wounding scores, claimed by Islamic State terrorists - 8 July 2016: Islamic State terrorists claim a triple suicide attack on Thursday evening near a Shia mausoleum north of Baghdad that killed at least 35 people and wounded 60 others - 9 July: Shia militias rule after battle to free Falluja, a city of ghosts and graffiti and a uncertain future for the people - 24 July: A suicide bomber struck near a checkpoint in a Shiite area of northern Baghdad, killing at least 12 and wounding at least 22 people - 25 juillet: Un attentat-suicide à la voiture piégée a fait au moins 12 morts et 37 blessés lundi matin à l'entrée de la ville de Khales au nord-est de Bagdad - 31 July: Thousands are fleeing Shirqat controlled by Islamic State terrorists, as Iraqi forces eye the northern Iraqi town, one of the last steps before Mosul - 14 August: Kurdish peshmerga forces in fresh push to recapture Mosul from Islamic State terrorists
October 2016: Since October 2016 Battle of Mosul, a joint offensive by Iraqi forces with allied militias, Kurdish Peshmerga of Iraqi Kurdistan, and international forces to retake the city of Mosul from Islamic State terrorists, following March-September 2016 Mosul offensive against the the so-called Islamic State in the region in a joint effort by Iraqi forces and Kurdish Peshmerga, limited USA ground forces, and USA and allied air support - 14/15 October 2016: Iraqi and Kurdish forces are finalising plans to attack the last urban stronghold Mosul of Islamic State terrorists in Iraq, which after a month-long buildup is now largely surrounded by a 60,000-strong force, as terrorists have banned civilians from leaving the city, setting up checkpoints on roads out and blowing up the homes of those who do flee as punishment and to deter others - 15 octobre: Au moins 27 fidèles chiites, qui étaient rassemblés pour la fête de l'Achoura dans le quartier d'Al Chaab, dans le nord de la capitale irakienne, ont été tués dans un attentat-suicide revendiqé par 'l'Etat islamique' - 17 October 2016: Iraqi and Kurdish forces launch assault on Mosul, which has been in the hands of Islamic State terrorists since 2014 - 19 October: Mosul residents who have fled Islamic State say a homegrown resistance, raised over the past six months, has made plans to launch coordinated attacks against the group as Iraqi and Kurdish forces close in - 20 October: After 'Islamic State' terrorist leaders reportedly have begun to flee Mosul, Iraqi army, special forces and Kurdish peshmerga launch 'large-scale' operation to retake Mosul - 21 October: Islamic State terrorists launch a commando raid on Kirkuk as concerns mount over fate of civilians in Mosul - 22 October: Nearly 1,000 people have been treated for breathing problems linked to toxic gases from a sulphur plant which Islamic State terrorists are suspected to have set on fire near the city of Mosul - 28 octobre: Au moins 232 personnes ont été exécutées par le groupe Etat Islamique il y a quelques jours, près de Mossoul, alors que les troupes irakiennes s'approchaient de cette ville, selon l'ONU
November/December 2016: 2 November 2016: Iraqi special forces are holding their positions in Mosul a day after entering the Islamic State-held city for the first time since 2014 - 2 November: Mosul civilians flee heavy fighting and Islamic State terrorists - 4 November: Heavy fighting in Mosul as Iraqi forces launch assault - 7 November 2016: Peshmerga liberate Bashiqa in the joint offensive to liberate Mosul and its countryside - 12 November 2016: As Iraqi troops battle IS terrorists in Mosul, UN reports terrorists's executions, over 47,000 displaced people, and USA-backed forces in Syria advance on jihadist bastion of Raqqa - 15 November 2016: In cleared areas of Mosul, Iraqi troops struggle to provide civilians with food - 24 November 2016: Dozens of people, many of them Iranian Shia pilgrims, have been killed by a suicide bombing claimed by Islamic State terrorists near the Iraqi city of Hilla, 60 miles south of Baghdad - 21 décembre 2016: Des combattants du groupe Etat islamique ont 'délibérément' attaqué des civils refusant de leur servir de 'boucliers humains' dans leur fuite face aux forces irakiennes à Mossoul - 29 December: Iraqi troops resume push to take Mosul from Isis after two-week lull - 31 December 2016: Two bombs explode in a busy market area in Baghdad's central al-Sinek neighborhood on Saturday, killing at least 18 people and wounding dozens
January/February 2017: 2 January 2017: Baghdad car bomb attack leaves at least 16 dead - 8 janvier 2017: Au moins 13 personnes ont été tuées et une cinquantaine blessées dans un attentat-suicide à Bagdad, revendiqué par l'EI - 19 janvier 2017: En retrait en Irak et en Syrie, le groupe djihadiste Etat islamique a perdu 23% de son territoire en 2016 et voit sa cohésion menacée - 19 February 2017: Iraq forces launch operation to retake west Mosul - 21 février: Les forces armées resserrent l'étau à Mossoul - 25 février: Les troupes irakiennes avancent dans Mossoul
March/April 2017: 4 March 2017: Thousands flee Iraq’s Mosul overnight, as fighting rages on to recapture it from Islamic State terrorists - 4 March 2017: UN raises fears of chemical attack in Mosul as patients exhibit 'severe signs associated with exposure to a blister agent' - 8 mars 2017: L'EI recule encore en Syrie et à Mossoul - 14 mars 2017: Les forces irakiennes progressent près de la Vieille ville de Mossoul - 24 March 2017: For almost a week desperate neighbours had scraped through the rubble, searching for shouting children and as many as 130 people who lay buried after three homes in a west Mosul suburb were destroyed by coalition airstrikes, raising fresh questions about USA rules of engagement - 25 March 2017: Iraq suspends Mosul offensive after USA-led coalition airstrike atrocity - 28 March 2017: Residents in Mosul were instructed not to leave their homes ahead of airstrikes last week that are reported to have killed more than 150 civilians, rights group says
May/June 2017: 30 May 2017: A suicide bomber detonated an explosives-rigged vehicle at a popular Baghdad ice cream shop killing 15 people and wounding 24 and claimed by 'Islamic State' terrorists - 30 mai 2017: Les forces irakiennes continuant de progresser dans l'ouest de Mossoul où quelque 200.000 civils piégés sont en grand danger selon l'ONU - 4 June 2017: Isil has surrendered the key town of Baaj in north-west Iraq, a known hideout of the terrorist group’s leader which had been under Islamist militants’ control throughout 14 years of war and insurgency - 13 June 2017: Contaminated food supplied by a UK charity has made hundreds of people severely ill at a camp for Iraqi civilians who have fled Islamic State terrorists and fighting in Mosul - 18 June 2017: Iraqi troops move into Mosul’s Old City, last Islamic State stronghold, as UN says over 100,000 civilians are trapped in battle zone, where terror group is using them as human shields
July/August 2017: 9 July 2017: After thousands of civilians have been killed in the battle for Mosul and after almost one million people have been displaced in nearly nine months of bitter fighting to defeat the terrorist group in the city where it proclaimed its 'caliphate' in 2014, Iraq’s PM Haider al-Abadi declares victory over 'Islamic State' in devastated Mosul - 20 August 2017: Iraq begins battle to retake Tal Afar, Islamic State terrorists' bastion near Mosul - 27 août 2017: Forcés de fuir, les habitants de Tal Afar reviennent chez eux après la reprise de la ville
September/October 2017: 15 September 2017: More than 80 people dead after militants use car bombs and suicide vests to target checkpoint and restaurants near Nasiriyah - 5 October 2017: Iraqi army says it has recaptured Hawija, one of last Isis enclaves
October 2017 Battle of Kirkuk: October 2017 Battle of Kirkuk, Iraqi offensive to retake Kirkuk Governorate from the Kurdish Regional Government - 13 October 2017: Kurdish and Iraqi government forces have squared off south of Kirkuk rushing troops and armour to the oil-rich city, two weeks after the country’s Kurds voted for independence from Baghdad and after Baghdad government forces, that failed to resist Islamic State terrorists 2013-2016, took positions on the city’s approaches, prompting fears of fresh violence in one of the most bitterly contested corners of Iraq - 16 October 2017: Iraqi federal troops have seized several parts of the disputed Kurdish-controlled province of Kirkuk, as Kurds claim Iraqi troops 'burnt houses and killed many' in battle for oil-rich Kirkuk, supported by the Iranian-backed mainly Shiite Hashd al-Shaabi - 16 October 2017: USA military rushes to defuse looming crisis in Kirkuk after Iraqi army advances - 17 October 2017: Iraqi forces and Shia-led militia drive Kurdish fighters out of town of Sinjar
October 2017 recapture of Raqqa: 17 October 2017: Syrian Democratic Forces recapture Raqqa after gruelling four-month battle for de facto Isis capital - 18 October 2017: As Raqqa falls and Islamic State's caliphate is now on its last legs, underlying factors that fueled its rise in Iraq, Syria remain, and USA left picking up pieces of a shattered Middle East
October 2017: 26 October 2017: Iraq forces assault last IS bastion, advance on Kurds, as the autonomous Kurdish regional governmen says Iraqi forces and Iranian-backed PMF are shelling peshmerga positions, using heavy artillery
January 2018: 15 January 2018: A double suicide bombing killed 26 people in Baghdad targeting day laborers in bustling Tayyaran Square on Monday, the second such attack in three days
February 2018: 9 février 2018: Human Rights Watch a accusé vendredi les forces de sécurité kurdes irakiennes d'avoir commis 'un crime de guerre' en 2017 en procédant à des 'exécutions massives' de présumés membres du groupe État islamique qu'elles détenaient
Economy of Iraq: Economy of Iraq - main industries are petroleum, chemicals, textiles, leather, construction materials, food processing, fertilizer, metal fabrication/processing - Companies of Iraq by industry - List of companies of Iraq - Government-owned companies of Iraq
Energy and oil industry in Iraq: Energy and oil industry in Iraq - Oil fields of Iraq - Baba Gurgur (Kurdish Babagurgur) near the city of Kirkuk - Majnoon oil field, Basra governorate in southern Iraq - Rumaila oil field, 32 km from the Kuwaiti border - West Qurna Field, near Basra
Oil and gas companies of Iraq: Oil and gas companies of Iraq
2012: 30 mai 2012: Contrats d'exploration de sites pétroliers et gaziers mis aux enchères - 21 July 2012: Blast shuts down Iraq-Turkey oil pipeline - 16. August 2012: Der Irak mit einer täglichen Erdölproduktion von 3,2 Mio. Fass, die zweitgrösste Fördermenge innerhalb der Opec - 14 November 2012: Iraq investment concerns remain
August 2018 corruption fuels growing anger: 27 August 2018: Oil flows freely but corruption fuels growing anger, as those calling for an end to a 'rotten system’ risk detention and death
3 June 2023 western oil companies exacerbating water shortages and causing pollution in Iraq: 3 June 2023: Western oil companies are exacerbating water shortages and causing pollution in Iraq as they race to profit from rising oil prices after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, as water scarcity has already displaced thousands and increased instability, according to international experts, while Iraq is now considered the fifth most vulnerable country to the climate crisis by the UN. In the oil-rich but extremely dry south, wetlands that used to feed entire communities are now muddy canals
Electricity sector in Iraq: Electricity sector in Iraq - as of January 2016, the output of electricity sector in Iraq averages 13,000 MW, while the demand is 21,000 MW, lack of electricity tends to affect more severely the most vulnerable groups of Iraq’s society and increases their morbidity and mortality
2016: 25 January 2016: Though Iraq is a major OPEC oil producer, the country faces chronic electricity shortages, with its fragile grid struggling meet demand after decades of war, sanctions and neglect, now agreeing a $328.8 million deal with USA's General Electric to boost electricity production starting in 2017
Hydroelectric power stations in Iraq: Hydroelectric power stations in Iraq
Agriculture in Iraq: Agriculture in Iraq, despite its abundant land and water resources, Iraq is a net food importer - in 2004 the main agricultural crops were wheat, barley, corn, rice, vegetables, dates, and cotton, and the main livestock outputs were cattle and sheep
Since 2008/2009 Green Mada'in Association for Agricultural Development
Mesopotamian Marshes, Central, Hawizeh and Hammar Marshes: Mesopotamian Marshes - Draining of the Mesopotamian Marshes - Central or Qurna Marshes, a large complex of wetlands in Iraq that were part of the Tigris-Euphrates river system, along with the Hawizeh and Hammar Marshes
Water in Iraq: Water in Iraq - List of rivers of Iraq - Dams in Iraq
Tigris–Euphrates river system: Tigris–Euphrates river system - the Tigris and Euphrates with their tributaries form a major system in Western Asia, from sources in the Taurus mountains of eastern Turkey they flow by/through Syria through Iraq into the Persian Gulf - Euphrates river - Tigris, the eastern member of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia, the other being the Euphrates - Shatt al-Arab of some 200 km in length, formed by the confluence of the Euphrates and the Tigris in the town of al-Qurnah in the Basra Governorate of southern Iraq - Dams in the Tigris–Euphrates river system - Dams in the Euphrates River basin
Water supply and sanitation in Iraq: Water supply and sanitation in Iraq, characterized by poor water and service quality, combined with limited environmental awareness three decades of war have destroyed Iraq's water resources management system - Ministry of Water Resources in Iraq
2012/2013: 20 July
July 2012 farmer in south Iraq commits suicide over lack of water: 20 July 2012: Farmer in south Iraq commits suicide over lack of water which has forced hundreds of families to abandon their homes in recent years
February 2013 large loss of fresh water reserves in the Tigris and Euphrates river basins: 12 February 2013: A large loss of fresh water reserves in the Tigris and Euphrates river basins since 2003 detected
March 2020 water scarcity is changing south Iraq: 19 March 2020: Water scarcity is changing south Iraq, as researchers find people are being forced from their homes because poor water supplies are leaving families unable to sustain themselves through agriculture
5 November 2021 Iraqis face intensifying water crisis: 5 November 2021: Iraqis face intensifying water crisis, struggling to cope with depleted water resources, exacerbated by climate change and disputes with neighbours
Tourism in Iraq: Tourism in Iraq - Visitor attractions in Iraq
World Heritage and archaeological sites in Iraq: World Heritage Sites in Iraq - Archaeological sites in Iraq
7 March 2015: Widespread outrage after 'Islamic State' bulldozes ancient Iraq city of Nimrud founded in the 13th century BC
Banking and financial services in Iraq: Banking in Iraq - Central Bank of Iraq - Trade Bank of Iraq - Industrial Bank of Iraq - Agricultural Cooperative Bank of Iraq - Iraq Stock Exchange
Infrastructure and investment in post-invasion Iraq: Infrastructure of Iraq - Reconstruction of Iraq - Economic reform of Iraq since 2003 - Investment in post-invasion Iraq - Development Fund for Iraq
External trade of Iraq: External trade of Iraq
Unemployment in Iraq: 2015: Almost seven million Iraqis, 23% of the total population, live in poverty, rising from 7% in 1990, youth unemployment rate is 30% double the national average of 15%, far from the target of 4% in 2015 and Iraq's economy is unable to produce enough jobs to employ the 450,000 Iraqis entering the labour force each year
Poverty in Iraq: 6 July 2013: Poverty in Iraq - 95% of its exports are from oil, but like other resource-rich countries this abundance of profit potential has not translated to a higher standard of living for the average Iraqi citizen, economic progress and social development has been hindered by ethnosectarian violence, severe setbacks in infrastructure, and poor educational quality
2015/2016: 2 October 2015: Poverty in Iraq grows as budgets squeezed by war with Islamic State terrorists and as more shanty towns are appearing across Baghdad, adding a wave of refugees to those already living in dire poverty - 25 April 2016: Facing poverty and unemployment not being adressed by the authorities, Iraqi families sell organs to overcome poverty as gangs are offering up to $10,000 for a kidney increasingly targeting the country’s poor
Military of Iraq and budget: Iraqi Armed Forces - List of current equipment of the Iraqi Army - Aircraft inventory - Navy equipment
Military budget - 2012 military budget rank 35
2013: 30 December 2013: Iraq's security forces face rising criticism that, with violence at the highest level in years, their heavy-handed tactics and alleged abuses do more harm than good
Politics of Iraq: Politics of Iraq - Demographics of Iraq - Political parties in Iraq - Trade unions in Iraq
Iraqi budget: 2 March 2013: Rafi al-Issawi will be first senior Sunni member to leave cabinet after months of anti-government protests, further intensifying the country's political crisis nearly a decade after the USA-led invasion - 7 March 2013: Iraq's parliament approved a $118.6 billion national budget - 31 January 2016: Iraq needs US$1.56 billion this year to finance its emergency response to the humanitarian crisis caused by the war against Islamic State terrorists, after the conflict has displaced more than 3.3 million people since 2014, according to a government report
Elections in Iraq: Elections in Iraq - Iraqi governorate elections 20 April 2013 - 20 April 2013: Iraq votes in test of stability as violence spikes - 21 April: Turnout for the provincial vote about 51 percent, but 14 candidates were killed in attacks ahead of the polls and a third of Iraq's provinces not voting due to security concerns and political disputes - 4 May: Iraq PM's group wins largest bloc in several areas - Iraqi Kurdistan legislative election 21 September 2013 - 21 September 2013: Iraq's Kurds vote amid rows, regional tensions - 28 September: Iraq president's party falls to third in Kurdish polls, with 95 percent of votes counted the KDP was first with 719,004 votes, the opposition Goran movement second with 446,095, and the PUK third with 323,867
Federal government and politics in Iraq: Federal government of Iraq
2011: 18 December 2011: Political crisis in Iraq as US withdraws - 20 December: Iraq issues arrest warrant for vice-president
2012: 10 September 2012: Fugitive Sunni Vice President Tariq al-Hashemi found guilty in absentia of running death squads and is sentenced to death - 10 September: Iraq vice-president rejects death sentence, dismissing verdict as 'politically motivated'
2013: 2 March 2013: Rafi al-Issawi will be first senior Sunni member to leave cabinet after months of anti-government protests, further intensifying the country's political crisis nearly a decade after the US-led invasion - 7 March 2013: Iraq's parliament approved a $118.6 billion national budget - 5 November 2013: The Iraqi government has announced that the parliamentary elections will be held on April 30, 2014
December 2013: 8 December: Two long-time parliamentary allies are distancing themselves from Iraqi PM al-Maliki ahead of April elections, accusing him of a deeply flawed security policy and nepotism- 28 décembre: Les forces de sécurité ont arrêté à l'ouest de Bagdad un député sunnite connu pour son soutien aux manifestants anti-gouvernement, au prix d'un raid ayant coûté la vie à son frère et à cinq gardes
April 2014: 11 April 2014: Iraqis go to the polls as extremism and violence rage - 27 April: In the first national election since USA troops left in 2011 and amid deepening sectarian divisions, Iraqis will vote on Wednesday
30 April 2014 Iraqi parliamentary election: Iraqi parliamentary election 30 April 2014 - 30 April: Iraqis stream to voting centres nationwide with a long list of grievances, ranging from poor public services to rampant corruption, high unemployment, and a deterioration in security - 30 April: Around 60 percent turnout in Iraq election, commission says
July 2014: 1 July: Iraqi parliament session collapses amid political standoff - 2 July: Control of rivers and dams reportedly has become a major tactical weapon for Isis and water supply one key to outcome of conflicts in Iraq and Syria - 8 July: Iraq’s new parliament postponed its next session for five weeks, extending the country’s political paralysis in the face of Sunni Islamist aggression - 10 July: Kurdish ministers boycott Iraqi cabinet meetings in response to prime minister Nouri al-Maliki's branding of Kurdish capital Irbil as haven for Isis militants - 16 July: Iraq's parliament elects new speaker al-Jabouri as Iraqi forces withdraw from Tikrit after heavy resistance - 25 July: USA congratulates Iraq on electing new president Fuad Masum, urging him to form a 'cohesive government' to help fight Islamic militants
August 2014: 10 August: Iraq parliament adjourns for 9 days with lawmakers unable to agree on a nominee for the post of PM - 11 August: USA stresses support for Iraq president after embattled PM al-Maliki accused him of violating the constitution and fears of coup in Baghdad - 12 August: Coalition of Shia parties nominate Haider al-Abadi to replace defiant Maliki as PM in bid to end Baghdad deadlock - 15 August: Iraq PM al-Maliki steps aside
December 2014: 1/2 December: After Iraqi government investigation has found 50,000 'ghost soldiers' on army payroll, Iraq PM sacks 24 senior officials announcing to tackle corruption
2015: 9 August 2015: In the face of mass protests against power cuts, corruption and bad government, Iraq’s cabinet approves wide-ranging reform plan that would abolish the three vice-presidential posts as well as the office of deputy PM in order to slash spending and improve its performance - 17 August: Iraq's parliament endorses a report calling for the trial of former PM Nuri al-Maliki and dozens of other top officials in connection with the fall of the northern city of Mosul to 'Islamic State' terrorists last year
2016: 16 April 2016: Iraqi government is teetering on the edge of collapse as PM Abadi tries to reshuffle his cabinet and rid the country of corruption, while members of Parliament continue to protest his efforts to appoint new leaders, calling for his ousting, and while Shiite clerics are pressuring Abadi to press forward with his reform movement - 30 April 2016: State of emergency declared in Baghdad after supporters of Shia cleric Moqtada al-Sadr, who demands to end corruption and political and sectarian quotas, stormed the Green Zone and entered the parliament building - 6 July 2016: Iraq’s interior minister Ghabban has resigned saying a deputy would take over his responsibilities, a few days after the deadliest of many car bombings in Baghdad since the Iraq war
May 2018 Iraqi parliamentary election: 12 May 2018 Iraqi parliamentary election - 13 May 2018: Updates in first Iraqi election since IS terrorists defeat, as turnout was 44.52% with 92% of votes counted - 14 May 2018: With 95% of the votes counted in 10 of Iraq’s 18 provinces, Iraq’s Sadr supporters gathered in Tahrir Square in Baghdad to celebrate and chanted against Iran and corruption and in support of the independence of the Iraqi decision, saying 'Iran is out, Baghdad remains free' - 19 May 2018: According to official results the political coalition led by Muqtada al-Sadr won the most seats in Iraq's national parliamentary elections, after Sadr led insurgencies against USA-led forces following the ouster of Saddam Hussein and is against Iranian and USA's influence in Iraq - 20 May 2018: Iraq’s election winner al-Sadr promises reforms but is constrained by the expansionist Iranian regime
June 2018: 10 juin 2018: Le Conseil judiciaire suprême irakien a chargé dimanche un groupe de magistrats de remplacer la commission électorale pour le recomptage des votes - 11 June 2018: Iraq election ballot warehouse catches fire in Baghdad ahead of recount - 12 June 2018: Manual recount of Iraq election expected to begin this week - 13 June 2018: Nationalist cleric Muqtada al-Sadr announced a surprise political alliance with pro-Iranian Hadi al-Amiri in a bid to lead Iraq over the next four years
September/October 2018: 15 September 2018: Iraq parliament elects nominee of pro-Iran list as speaker - 3 October 2018: Kurdish moderate Barham Saleh elected Iraq president in a parliamentary vote
26 December 2018: 26 December 2018: Both main blocs of Iraqi parliamentarians expressed outrage over Trump's unannounced visit to al-Asad Airbase in western Iraq, his first visit to troops in a war zone, and his vow that troops would remain in Iraq, saying Trump should not be allowed to arrive 'as if Iraq is a state of the United States', and calling for a vote to expel USA troops
4 October 2019 government admits 'legitimate demands' but kills protesters: 4 October 2019: After riot police have fired live rounds and tear gas every day to disperse protesters, leaving 33 people dead and hundreds wounded, Iraq’s premier Abdul-Mahdi said their 'legitimate demands' have been heard, now pledging to work on laws granting poor families a basic income and fight corruption - 4 October 2019: Police shot at a group of protesters in Baghdad on Friday after three deadly days of anti-government protest that left 44 dead and after authorities cut internet access in a desperate move to curb the rallies - 4 October 2019: Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani criticized the government, as well as the leaders of the two biggest parliament blocs, saying they failed to fulfill their promises to the people, calling on political leaders to take 'practical and clear steps' toward combatting corruption and on the government to 'carry out its duty' to diminish people’s suffering - 4 October 2019: Iraqi police open fire on protesters in Baghdad on fourth day of unrest
7 October 2019 Iraq military admits 'excessive force': 7 October 2019: Iraq military admits 'excessive force' used in deadly protests, after more than 100 people have been killed and over 6,000 wounded during a week of clashes, and after responsible PM Abdel Mahdi had insisted security forces were acting 'within international standards' in dealing with demonstrations
9 November 2019 Iraqi regime's violence: 9 novembre 2019: Les forces de sécurité ont chassé samedi les manifestants antigouvernementaux de plusieurs de leurs campements en Irak, après un accord politique qui prévoit le maintien du pouvoir en place quitte à recourir à la force pour en finir avec la contestation
11 November 2019 UN and AI condemn regime's violence: 11 November 2019: As Amnesty International said Iraq’s crackdown on anti-government protests has descended into a 'bloodbath', UN mission in Iraq proposes roadmap for ending upheaval, calling for release of jailed protesters, urging government to adopt electoral reform and series of anti-corruption measures, and USA urges early Iraq elections
29 November 2019 Iraqi PM says he will resign: 29 November 2019: After more than 400 killed in 2 months of protests, Iraqi PM says he will resign, following sermon by top Shiite cleric calling for lawmakers to withdraw their support
December 2019 Iraqi PM resigns as protests continue: 1 décembre 2019: La démission du gouvernement d'Adel Abdel Mahdi a été acceptée par le Parlement irakien alors que les manifestations continuent dans le pays
7 December 2019 gunmen opened fire in Baghdad’s Khilani Square: 7 December 2019: Unidentified gunmen in cars opened fire Friday in Baghdad’s Khilani Square, leaving at least 15 people dead and 60 wounded, medical officials said. as at least two of the dead were policemen and protesters fearing for their lives ran from the plaza to nearby Tahrir Square and to mosques to take cover, a day after a string of suspicious stabbing incidents targeting demonstrators left at least 13 wounded in Baghdad’s Tahrir Square
26 December 2019 President Saleh refuses to designate the nominee of an Iran-backed parliamentary bloc for PM: 26 December 2019: Iraqi president Saleh refused to designate nominee Asaad al-Eidani of an Iran-backed parliamentary bloc for PM, saying he would rather resign than appoint someone to the position who would be rejected by protesters, 'to avoid more bloodshed and in order to safeguard civil peace'
2 January 2020 Iran-backed 'Hashed al-Shaabi' (Popular Mobilization Forces) influences Iraqi government: 2 January 2020: Iran-backed Hashed al-Shaabi force, that besieged the USA embassy in Baghdad, also with close relations to the Syrian Assad regime tries to exert its will on Baghdad government and to control events on the ground - Since 2003 'Kata'ib Hezbollah' (Brigades of the Party of God), an Iraqi Shia paramilitary group which is part of the Popular Mobilization Forces supported by Iran, active in the Iraqi Civil War and Assad's war against the Syrian people since 2011 - Since 2014 'Hashed al-Shaabi' (Popular Mobilization Forces), an Iraqi state-sponsored umbrella organization composed of some 40 militias, trained and supported by military advisers from Turkey (for Sunni and Turkmeni troops), by Iran and Lebanese Hezbollah, including Qasem Soleimani, also said to have their own military intelligence, administrative systems, and a sort of 'media war team' that provides morale boosting, battlefield updates and propaganda videos, and a court of law, as PM Haider al-Abadi in 2015 placed the Popular Mobilization Forces under the direct command of PM's office, thus giving a further official status to the militia, and as chairman of the Popular Mobilization Committee in the Iraqi government is Falih al-Fayyadh, who is also the 'National Security Adviser'
3 January 2020 Iraq paramilitary chief slain alongside Soleimani was Iranian regime’s man in country: 3 January 2020: Iraq paramilitary chief Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis, a sworn enemy of the USA, slain alongside Soleimani was Iranian regime’s man in country
1 February 2020 al-Sistani condemns use of force against anti-government protesters: 1 February 2020: Iraqi cleric al-Sistani condemns use of force against anti-government protesters, after 11 wounded by armed forces and 4 rockets fired at base housing USA troops, and as deadline nears for political blocs to agree on new premier
2 February 2020 Iraq protesters unconvinced after Mohammed Allawi named PM: 2 February 2020: Iraq protesters unconvinced as former communications minister Mohammed Allawi named PM, saying Allawi not the independent they had long demanded, after more than 480 people have died and nearly 30,000 been wounded during protests since October
February 2020 regime's campaign of kidnapping, intimidation, torture and killings: 18 February 2020: How a campaign of kidnapping, intimidation, torture and killings is being used to try to quell uprising in Iraq
2 March 2020 Mohammed Allawi will not form government: 2 mars 2020: Le Premier ministre irakien désigné Mohammed Allawi a annoncé qu'il renonçait à former un gouvernement, plongeant un peu plus dans l'inconnu son pays en crise
7 May 2020 former Iraqi intelligence chief approved as new PM: 7 May 2020: Former Iraqi intelligence chief Mustafa al-Kadhimi approved as new PM, as the country faces a severe economic crisis spurred by plummeting oil prices and the covid-19 pandemic
1 August 2020 Iraqi PM calls early election in 2021: 1 August 2020: Iraqi PM calls early election, accepting anti-government protesters' key demand
19 January 2021 Iraq's cabinet decided to postpone the general election to October 10: 19 January 2021: Iraq's cabinet decided on Tuesday to postpone the general election to October 10 from June, the state news agency said, as early elections were a key demand of anti-government protesters who staged mass demonstrations since October 2019, and as hundreds were killed by 'security' forces and gunmen suspected of links to militia groups
11 July 2021 Iraq’s PM visited pro-democracy activist Ali al-Mikdam in Baghdad hospital: 11 July 2021: Iraq’s PM al-Kadhimi visited pro-democracy activist Ali al-Mikdam in a Baghdad hospital two days after the campaigner, critical of pro-Iran armed factions operating in the country, had been abducted and assaulted
8 October 2021 Iraq holds early voting ahead of parliamentary elections: 8 October 2021: Early voting has begun in Iraq’s parliamentary elections, with security forces, prisoners and internally displaced people casting their ballots two days ahead of Sunday’s general vote
10 October 2021 Iraqi parliamentary election: 10 October 2021 Iraqi parliamentary election, deciding the 329 members of the Council of Representatives who will in turn elect the Iraqi President and confirm the Prime Minister
10 October 2021 Iraqis vote in polls amid damaged hopes: 10 October 2021: Iraqis vote in polls triggered by mass protests, amid damaged hopes that polls will deliver much needed reforms after decades of conflict and mismanagement, also seen as a 'test for their democratic system' - 10 October 2021: Turnout at Iraqi national election as low as 25% as many boycott polls, and as disillusioned youth and middle classes stay home rather than vote for system they believe has failed
7 November 2021 assassination attempt of Iraq PM Al-Kadhimi: 7 November 2021 assassination attempt of Iraq PM Mustafa Al-Kadhimi, as several members of his security personnel were injured, possibly connected to the 2021 Baghdad clashes 2 days befor - 7 November 2021: Iraqi PM al-Kadhimi survives drone attack on his home, now callong for 'calm and restraint from everyone', as attack, which comes after violent unrest over recent election results, was condemned by both the USA and Iran, BBC reports
28 July 2022 protesters storm Iraq parliament in support of cleric Moqtada al-Sadr: 28 July 2022: Hundreds of supporters of powerful Iraqi cleric al-Sadr danced and sang in parliament after storming Baghdad’s high-security Green Zone in protest at a rival bloc’s nomination for PM, as police fired barrages of teargas in a bid to stop the protesters from breaching the gates of the heavily fortified Green Zone, but the crowds surged forward and entered parliament
31 July 2022 Iraqi protesters camped at country's parliament for second day: 31 July 2022: Protesters and followers of powerful Iraq's Moqtada Sadr camped at the country's parliament Sunday for a second day, protesting against corruption and political mismanagemen, after - despite tear gas, water cannon and baking temperatures that touched 47°C - they stormed the complex pulling down heavy concrete barricades on roads leading to Baghdad's fortified Green Zone of diplomatic and government buildings
3 August 2022 supporters of al-Sadr instructed to leave parliament but to continue their protests outside: 3 August 2022: Supporters of Iraq’s al-Sadr told to withdraw from parliament, as senior pro-Sadr loyalist told supporters to end parliament sit-in within 72 hours, but called for protests to continue inside Green Zone, also announcing that a large prayer rally would take place on Friday in the Green Zone
14 August 2022 Supreme Judicial Council says it cannot dissolve country’s parliament: 14 August 2022: Iraq’s Supreme Judicial Council says it does not have the authority to dissolve the country’s parliament, days after influential cleric Muqtada al-Sadr escalated a political standoff by giving it one week to dismiss the legislature so new elections can be held
29 August 2022 Shia leader Muqtada al-Sadr announced he quits political life, closing his political offices: 29 August 2022: Iraq chaos as Muqtada al-Sadr supporters storm Green Zone after he quits political life, and as his ‘final withdrawal’ from politics announcement spurred followers to violently force their way into Baghdad’s presidential palace
Social movements and protests in Iraq: Protests in Iraq - 2011 Iraqi protests - 2012–14 Iraqi protests concerning corruption, unemployment, poor national security, poor public services, marginalization of Sunnis, unfair treatment of prisoners, poor salaries of Sahwa militia, abuse of De-Baathification laws, Iranian interference in Iraqi affairs
2011: 9 April 2011: Tens of thousands in Baghdad calling for an end to USA-presence - 26. Mai 2011: Zehntausende protestieren in Baghdad gegen die USA - 9 September 2011: Iraqis mourn murdered radio journalist Hadi al-Mehdi amid protests
2012: 22 January 2012: Iraq government abusing protesters and harassing journalists criticised by rights report - 19. März 2012: Bis zu einer Million Demonstranten und Anhänger von Moktada as-Sadr werfen Ministerpräsident Nuri al-Maliki Versagen bei der Bekämpfung der Armut vor - 26 December: Tens of thousands of protesters gather in Anbar province to denounce allegedly sectarian policies of PM Nouri al-Maliki - 28 December: In Anbar province tens of thousands of protesters in fresh rallies against the al-Maliki government - 30 December: Iraq protesters clash with official's guards in Ramadi
2013: 4 January: Tens of thousands of Sunni Muslims in Iraq have been staging anti-government protests in Baghdad and other cities - 11 January: Tens of thousands of people continue to protest in numerous cities, including Ramadi, Samara and Mosul - 26 January: Amid heightened tensions after troops killed seven anti-government protesters on Friday gunmen killed two soldiers and kidnapped three others in a series of shootings in Fallujah - 26 January: Thousands of mourners gathered in the Iraqi city of Fallujah on Saturday at the funerals of Sunni protesters killed by army troops a day earlier - 1/2 February: Hundreds of thousands of Iraqis protesting against alleged discrimination and PM Nuri al-Maliki in new rallies in Sunni-majority parts of the country - 22 February: Anti-al-Qaeda fighters targeted near Baghdad as fresh demonstrations are held against Maliki's Shia-led government - 24 April: After Iraqi forces raided a Sunni protest camp and deadly clashes between security forces and protesters in a wave of revenge attacks, gunmen seized control of Sulaiman Bek north of Baghdad - 31 August: Thousands of protesters in and around Baghdad and south Iraq angrily railed against lawmakers' lavish benefits
2014: 8 March 2014: Iraqi women protest bill permitting marriage of girls aged 9
2015: 8 February 2015: Baghdad residents are relieved following the end of their city's curfew after a decade - 1 August 2015: Several hundred Iraqis took to the streets of Baghdad to vent their anger at the electricity shortages, which they blamed on government corruption 12 years after Iraq's infrastructure was severely damaged during the 2003 USA-led invasion and chronic power shortages ever since - 5 August: Iraqis complain of poor government services as heat rises - 8 August: Thousands of demonstrators turned out on Friday in Baghdad and southern Iraq to protest against rampant corruption and abysmal electricity services, calling for officials to be held to account
2016: 26 April 2016: Hundreds of thousands of people have taken to the streets of Baghdad to protest at a months-long political crisis and lack of reform - 21 May 2016: At least four anti-government protesters have been killed and 90 injured as police forces ejected them from Baghdad’s heavily fortified green zone, according to medical sources
2017: 11 février 2017: Les forces de sécurité irakiennes ont utilisé des gaz lacrymogènes contre plusieurs milliers de partisans du religieux chiite Moktada al Sadr qui manifestaient à Bagdad, les heurts ont fait au moins sept morts
Since July 2018 Iraqi protests: July 2018 Iraqi protests - 14 July 2018: Iraq protests spread to several cities including Najaf, Nasiriya, Baghdad and Amara - 15 juillet 2018: Deux personnes ont été tuées dans le sud de l'Irak au cours d'un mouvement de contestation sociale qui gagne du terrain, poussant les autorités à décréter un couvre-feu à Bassora - 15 July 2018: Iraqis demanding better public services and jobs took to the streets again on Sunday in the southern oil-rich province of Basra, as authorities put security forces on high alert and blocked internet - 16 July 2018: Mass protests sweep Iraq, target pro-Iran militias and parties, as Baghdad government shuts Internet and sends USA-trained elite counter-terror units to quell economic unrest - 19 July 2018: Protests over widespread unemployment, pollution, dirty drinking water and electricity failures during a stifling heat wave spread through cities in Iraq's oil-rich Shia south, where residents are some of the country’s poorest
September 2018: 1 September 2018: Iraqis clash with security forces in southern oil hub of Basra in protest over neglect, demanding for better public services and an end to pervasive corruption - 5 September 2018: Seven dead, more than 30 wounded, as government forces respond to demonstrators in Basra because of lack of public services - 8 September 2018: Protesters in Basra have attacked or set fire to nearly every government building, including the headquarters of the ruling Da’wa Party, the offices of the state-run Iraqiya TV station, as well as the Iranian consulate and the headquarters of almost every Iranian-backed militia in the city - 25 September 2018: Masked gunmen shot dead human rights activist and mother of four Soad al-Ali, who has been involved in organizing protests demanding better services in the city, outside a supermarket in Basra on Tuesday
May 2019 'no to war' protests: 25 May 2019: Thousands of protesters and supporters of populist Iraqi Shi'ite Muslim cleric, who once led Shi'ite militiamen against USA forces and is vocally critical of Iranian influence in Iraq, chant 'no to war' and 'yes to Iraq', urging political and factional leaders to stay out of any conflict between Baghdad's two biggest allies, Iran and the USA, after Iranian proxies in Iraq reportedly fired rockets into Baghdad's USA, British, Australian and Egyptian embassies area
Since October 2019 protests: October 2019 Iraqi protests, an ongoing series of protests that consisted of demonstrations, marches, sit-ins and civil disobedience, starting on 1 October 2019 - 2 October 2019: Security forces fired in the air and used tear gas to disperse groups of demonstrators in Baghdad, killing one and wounding six in renewed protests after violent confrontations between protesters and police a day earlier, officials said - 3 October 2019: The death toll from mass rallies in Iraq against corruption and unemployment rose to 18 on Thursday, as the leaderless protest movement spread to virtually all of the south, and as the internet is down across most of Iraq on the third day of protests that were called for on social media, with a monitor saying 'intentional restrictions' have caused the near-blackout, and as Iraqi authorities don't comment on the blackout following a similar pattern in 2018
6 October 2019 UN demands end of government's violence: 6 October 2019: 'Five days of reported deaths and injuries', this must stop, said UN’s Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert, calling for an end to government's violence that left nearly 100 people dead, as police forces broke up a mass rally in the east of Baghdad, where protesters faced volleys of tear gas and live rounds
25 October 2019 protests and killed protesters: 25 octobre 2019: Quatre manifestants ont été tués vendredi par balles à Nassiriya, dans le sud de l'Irak, où les manifestants ont incendié le siège du gouvernorat lors de la reprise de la contestation antigouvernementale, selon des sources médicales et policières
26 October 2019 protests and killed protesters: 26 October 2019: Renewed anti-government protests across Iraq left more than 40 people dead on Friday through tear gas, live rounds and fires, a watchdog and security sources told AFP, as twelve people died in the southern city of Diwaniyah alone, while setting fire to the headquarters of the powerful Iran-backed Badr organization, and several died while trying to storm the offices of Asaib Ahl al-Haq, another Iran-backed armed faction, and as World Bank says one of five Iraqis still lives in poverty and youth unemployment amounts 25%, in OPEC’s second-biggest oil producing and the 12th most corrupt nation in the world - 26 octobre 2019: Des centaines d'Irakiens manifestent samedi à Bagdad sous les gaz lacrymogènes, peu avant une réunion du Parlement
27 October 2019 protests and killed protesters: 27 October 2019: Death toll rises as Iraqis rage against government in renewed protests, as at least 49 protesters killed in last two days, including several hit by gas canisters, and as powerful Shiite cleric Muqtada al-Sadr joins protests, upping pressure on Baghdad - 27 October 2019: Video of a protester holding an Iraqi flag while apparently being gunned down went viral over the weekend - 27 October 2019: Anti-government protesters defy bloody crackdown in Iraq, as hundreds refuse to leave Tahrir square in Baghdad despite further deadly clashes with security forces
28 October 2019 school and university students protest: 28 October 2019: Iraqi security forces on Monday fired tear gas at school and university students who defied a warning from the PM and joined anti-government protests that have left about 231 people dead over the past month
29 October 2019 protests and regime violence: 29 October 2019: 18 protesters killed in Iraq as pressure on government mounts, and as more than 800 protesters are wounded when security forces open fire on crowds in Karbala in one of worst attacks since demonstrators began anti-government rallies rejecting corruption, lack of services, unemployment and other grievances - 29 October 2019: Iraq's young protesters count cost of a month of violence, as more than 250 people have died and thousands injured in anti-government protests
31 October 201 after Iranian visit snipers shot demonstrators: 31 October 2019: The day after Iranian regime's Qassim Soleimani’s visit, the clashes between the protesters and security forces in Iraq became far more violent, with the death toll soaring past 100 as unidentified snipers shot demonstrators
1 November 2019 protest against government and Iranian regime: 1 November 2019: Iraqis pour into streets for biggest protest day since Saddam - 1 November 2019: The protest movement in Iraq has pressed its demand for the removal of the government, staring down an embattled political elite and the widespread influence of the Iranian regime, which has not faced a threat to its authority of this scale in Iraq
2 November 2019 Gulf port Umm Qasr protests: 2 November 2019: Thousands of protesters were blocking all roads leading to Iraq's main Gulf port Umm Qasr on Saturday, after security forces used live rounds and tear gas on them overnight, security sources said, after thousands were demonstrating on Friday in Basra, the nearest big city to the port
3 November 2019: 3 November 2019: Iraqi protesters blocked roads in Baghdad on Sunday to raise pressure on the government to resign after more than a week of renewed mass demonstrations - 3 November 2019: Iran’s determination to shore up Iraq’s unpopular government does not augur well for democracy in the Middle East
4 November 2019 3 Iraqi protesters against Iranian regime shot dead: 4 November 2019: 3 Iraqi protesters were shot dead and 19 were wounded overnight during a demonstration outside the Iranian consulate in Iraq’s city of Karbala, as health officials in Karbala say security forces used live ammunition to disperse angry demonstrators, spray-painting 'Karbala is free, Iran out, out!' on the concrete blocks surrounding the imposing Iranian consulate, saying 'they intend to kill, not disperse', and asking 'why are they killing their own countrymen for another country?'
5 November 2019 more protesters killed: 5 November 2019: At least 3 anti-government protesters have been killed in clashes with security forces in southern Iraq, officials said Tuesday, as authorities tried to reopen the country's main port, which had been blocked by demonstrators for three days
6 November 2019 protests: 6 November 2019: Mainly directed at Iraq’s own political leaders, Iraqi protests reveal long-simmering anger at Iranian regime and resentment at its influence in the country as protesters in Baghdad’s Tahrir Square are using their shoes again, slapping them against banners depicting Ayatollah Ali Khamenei
9 November 2019 Iraqi regime's violence: 9 novembre 2019: Dans la ville de Bassora, trois manifestants ont été tués et des dizaines blessés par les forces de l'ordre qui ont tiré à balles réelles sur les protestataires, selon des sources médicales, alors que les forces de sécurité ont chassé samedi les manifestants antigouvernementaux de plusieurs de leurs campements en Irak, après un accord politique qui prévoit le maintien du pouvoir en place
10 November more killed and wounded protesters: 10 November 2019: Iraqi regime's forces killed 6 anti-government protesters and wounded more than 100 others on Saturday, pushing them back from three flashpoint bridges in central Baghdad, medical and security officials said, as in the southern city of Basra 3 more protesters were killed overnight, raising the death toll there to 8, and as the regime continues to release promises, blocking access to the internet - 10 novembre 2019: Malgré un accord pour un 'retour à la vie normale', les forces du régime ont intensifié la répression
14 November 2019 many protesters killed and wounded: 14 November 2019: In clashes between Iraqi protesters and security forces in central Baghdad four people were kille and 62 wounded 62 on Thursday, Iraqi medical and security officials said
15 November 2019 protest and killed protesters: 15 November 2019: A fresh wave of shootings by Iraqi security forces has left at least three people dead in central Baghdad after protesters demanded widespread changes
17 November 2019 protest: 17 November 2019: Iraq anti-government protesters block roads amid strike call, as at least 320 Iraqis have been killed and thousands wounded since October over widespread corruption, lack of job opportunities and poor basic services despite the country’s oil wealth
18 November 2019 Umm Qasr protests: 18 November 2019: Anti-government demonstrators in southern Iraq blocked roads leading to the Umm Qasr port, responsible for the bulk of the country’s commodities imports, on Monday, while the country’s central bank reduced working hours because of ongoing demonstrations, security officials said
21 November 2019 protests and regime's violence: 21 November 2019: Renewed clashes overnight in Baghdad between anti-government demonstrators and regime's armed forces killed four protesters shooting live fire and tear gas canisters at protesters, aimed directly at the head, Iraqi and hospital officials said Thursday, as the altercations on two key bridges in the Iraqi capital also left at least 44 people wounded
24 November 2019 Nassiriya protests and regime's violence: 24 November 2019: Regime's forces opened fire on protesters in the southern Iraqi city of Nassiriya late on Saturday, killing at least three people, using live ammunition, as more than 50 others were wounded, mainly by live bullets and tear gas canisters in clashes in the city, police and medical sources said
27 November 2019 three protesters killed: 27 November 2019: Three protesters were killed and 35 wounded by security forces in southern Iraq, when armed forces fired live ammunition and threw tear gas canister, after the previous day’s sit-ins and road closures, according to officials speaking on condition of anonymity
28 November 2019 at least 13 protesters killed by regime: 28 November 2019: At least 13 Iraqis have been killed and another 70 people were injured in a fresh wave of protests in the southern city of Nasiriya, as armed forces opened fire and used tear gas against protesters, taking to the streets to demand more jobs, an end to corruption, and better public services since 1 October
29 November 2019 Iraqi armed forces have shot dead at least 45 protesters: 29 November 2019: Iraqi armed forces have shot dead at least 45 protesters after demonstrators stormed and torched an Iranian consulate in Najaf, in what could mark a turning point in the uprising against the Iranian regime backed authorities
30 November 2019 protesters continue blocking bridges: 30 November 2019: Three-day mourning continues in Iraqi cities as protesters continue blocking bridges, and as protesters say Adel Abdel Mahdi’s announced resignation is ‘only the first step’ in rooting out government corruption
1 December 2019 Iraqi anti-government protests: 1 December 2019: Iraqis press anti-government protests as PM steps down and as 3 anti-government protesters were shot dead and at least 58 others wounded in Baghdad and southern Iraq on Saturday
4 December 2019 protests: 4 December 2019: Demonstrators torch Iranian consulate in the Iraqi city of Najaf as building was empty, and as politicians in Baghdad continue talks on a new PM and widespread protests continue, decrying corruption, poor services, lack of jobs and calling for an end to the political system that was imposed after the 2003 USA invasion
22 December 2019 thousands rally in Iraq against Iran’s political influence: 22 December 2019: Thousands took to the streets in Iraq’s capital and across the south against Iran’s political influence, as ahead of deadline for choosing new PM, protesters rail against candidacy of Qusay al-Suhail, who officials say is Tehran’s preferred pick
24 December 2019 les Irakiens contre une classe politique qu'ils accusent d'être corrompue, incompétente, et inféodée à l'Iran: 24 décembre 2019: En dépit de près de 460 morts et 25'000 blessés dans la répression des manifestations, les Irakiens coupent de nouveau mardi des routes et maintiennent la plupart des administrations fermées dans le sud de l'Irak pour protester contre toute nomination d'un Premier ministre ayant déjà été aux affaires
25 December 2019 protests following deadly attack: 25 décembre 2019: La mort d'un manifestant visé par un attentat et la tentative d'assassinat d'un célèbre satiriste font gronder la colère des Irakiens, qui poursuivent mercredi leur mobilisation en dépit du vote d'une réforme électorale qu'ils réclamaient
26 December 2019 demonstrations against Iran-backed PM pick: 26 December 2019: Demonstrators slam choice of government insider to replace leader who resigned, as protests regain momentum
3 January 2020 Iraqis demonstrators broke into song after a USA strike killed top Iranian commander Soleimani: 3 January 2020: Iraqis, who have demonstrated for months against a government they see as beholden to Iran, broke into song and dance Friday after a USA strike killed top Iranian commander Soleimani, cheering in Baghdad’s iconic Tahrir Square, the epicentre of their movement, 'Oh Qasem Soleimani, this is a divine victory', an AFP photographer said
8 January 2020 anti-Iran and anti-government protests: 8 January 2020: Anti-government protesters in Iraq have set fires and closed streets near Baghdad's Tahrir Square during a demonstration against the Iranian missile strike that targeted two military bases in Iraq housing USA troops, shouting 'Iran out, out' before they were dispersed by regime forces
18 January 2020 protester killed in Baghdad: 18 January 2020: Protester killed in Baghdad clashes as demonstrators try to cross key bridge
19 January 2020 anti-regime protests: 19 January 2020: Clashes, demonstrations erupt throughout Iraq shutting down roads and bridges, as the January 20 deadline for authorities to meet the demands of the people approaches, and after protesters on Saturday burned the Iran-backed Hezbollah headquarters in Iraq
20 January 2020 Iraqi armed forces fire tear gas and live rounds: 20 January 2020: Iraqi armed forces fired tear gas and live rounds during clashes with anti-government protesters overnight and on Monday morning in Baghdad, wounding at least 13 demonstrators
25 January 2020 Iraqi armed forces set fire to anti-government protest tents: 25 January 2020: Iraqi armed forces set fire to anti-government protest tents in the country's south early Saturday and re-opened key public squares in Baghdad that had been occupied by demonstrators for months
26 January 2020 armed forces shot live rounds against protesters: 26 January 2020: Armed forces shot live rounds to clear protest hotspots in Baghdad and southern Iraq for a second day Sunday, sparking skirmishes with demonstrators determined to keep up their movement
29 January 2020 more protesters killed: 29 janvier 2020: La répression des manifestations qui secouent l'Irak a fait de nouveaux morts mardi tandis qu'une chaîne de télé a été interdite de diffusion
27 July 2020 2 anti-government protesters killed and 21 injured in Baghdad: 27 July 2020: Two anti-government protesters were killed and 21 were injured in Baghdad in new clashes between demonstrators and Iraqi armed forces, human rights monitors and officials said, as since October 2019 over 600 demonstrators have been killed during protests due to live fire and tear gas used by armed forces
25 October 2020 protesters gather on anniversary of protest movement: 25 October 2020: Protesters gather on anniversary of protest movement in Baghdad and other cities in southern provinces, demanding reforms and end to corruption
1 October 2021 Iraqis have taken to the streets in Baghdad to mark two years since fierce protests and bloody crackdown: 1 October 2021: Hundreds of Iraqis have taken to the streets in Baghdad to mark two years since fierce protests roiled the Iraqi capital, fuelled by anger over corruption and unemployment, as about 1,000 protesters marched to Tahrir Square on Friday, carrying photos of friends and relatives killed by security forces during the uprising, which began in October 2019 and fizzled out after a bloody crackdown resulted in the death of over 600 people
5 November 2021 supporters of parties that suffered losses in latest polls clash with security forces: 5 November 2021: Protests against the results of Iraq’s recent parliamentary election have turned violent in Baghdad, with demonstrators denouncing 'fraud' clashing with security forces outside the capital’s high-security Green Zone, after supporters of pro-Iranian groups, which suffered large losses in the polls, threw stones at security forces, who fired tear gas and shot in the air to disperse the crowd on Friday
28 July 2022 protesters storm Iraq parliament in support of cleric Moqtada al-Sadr: 28 July 2022: Hundreds of supporters of powerful Iraqi cleric al-Sadr danced and sang in parliament after storming Baghdad’s high-security Green Zone in protest at a rival bloc’s nomination for PM, as police fired barrages of teargas in a bid to stop the protesters from breaching the gates of the heavily fortified Green Zone, but the crowds surged forward and entered parliament
Iraqi society, culture, religion and human rights in Iraq: Iraqi society
Human rights in Iraq: Human rights in post-invasion Iraq - Human rights in Iraq - Law of Iraq
Governorates and districts of Iraq: Governorates (provinces) of Iraq - Districts of Iraq
Baghdad Governorate: Baghdad Governorate
Baghdad city: City of Baghdad city - Neighborhoods of Baghdad - History of Baghdad
Economy of Baghdad: Economy of Baghdad, accounting for 22.2% of Iraq's population and 40% of the country's gross domestic product
Timeline of Baghdad: Timeline of Baghdad since 1,792 BC, as Babylonian city of Baghdadu in existence
Since 1,792 BC Baghdadu city becoming a major capital city in the Babylonian Empire: Since 1,792 BC Babylonian city of Baghdadu becoming a major capital city in the Babylonian Empire, at the time of Hammurabi's reign, as Babylonia was called 'the country of Akkad', that was often involved in rivalry with the older state of Assyria - including Assyria to the north (today Hassakh province and ancient city of Nineveh, today on the outskirts of Mosul in northern Iraq, located on the eastern bank of the Tigris river, formerly the capital and largest city of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, as well as the largest city in the world for several decades), Andarig (including towns of Andarig and Kurds), Yamad (today Idlib, Hama, Lattakia and Aleppo provinces), Mari (an ancient Semitic city-state 11km north-west of Abu Kamal on the Euphrates River western bank, some 120km southeast of Deir ez-Zor, and today approximately al-Raqqah, Deir Ezzor provinces in Syria), Qatna (today Rif Damasqh province, including Damascus), and Eshnunna (modern Tell Asmar in Iraq's Diyala governorate, an ancient Sumerian and later Akkadian city and city-state in central Mesopotamia) to the east, neighbouring ancient Iran - According to Sumerian sources the land of the Amorites - appearing as an uncivilized and nomadic people in early Mesopotamian writings from Sumer, Akkad, and Assyria - is associated with the lands to the west of the Euphrates, including Canaan - today northern Israel - , and what was to become Syria by the 3rd century BC.
6th century BC Cyrus Cylinder and human rights: Cyrus Cylinder, an ancient clay cylinder, now broken into several pieces, on which is written a declaration in Akkadian cuneiform script in the name of Persia's Achaemenid king Cyrus the Great, and dubbed the 'first declaration of human rights'. It dates from the 6th century BC - discovered in the ruins of the ancient Mesopotamian city of Babylon, now in modern Iraq in 1879 - and was used as a foundation deposit following the Persian conquest of Babylon in 539 BC, when the Neo-Babylonian Empire was invaded by Cyrus and incorporated into his Persian Empire
Amorites land west of the Euphrates, including Canaa, and what was to become 3rd century BC Syria: According to Sumerian sources the land of the Amorites - appearing as an uncivilized and nomadic people in early Mesopotamian writings from Sumer, Akkad, and Assyria - is associated with the lands to the west of the Euphrates, including Canaan - today northern Israel - , and what was to become Syria by the 3rd century BC.
812-813 siege of Baghdad between al-Amin and al-Ma'mun for the right belief: 812-813 siege of Baghdad, part of a civil war between al-Amin - the sixth Arab Abbasid Caliph who succeeded his father Harun al-Rashid in 809 and ruled until he was deposed and killed in 813 during the civil war by his half-brother al-Ma'mun - and al-Ma'mun for the right belief i.e. for the 'Abbasid Caliphate of Baghdad'. The siege lasted from August 812 until September 813. The siege is described in great detail by Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari, as the casualties and losses for Al-Amin's forces were high. Then Muhammad was forced to lift the siege after his men informed him that his brother Malik Shah has captured Hamadan.
January–July 1157 siege of Baghdad, the last Seljuq attempt to capture Baghdad from the Abbasids: January–July 1157 siege of Baghdad, the last Seljuq attempt to capture Baghdad from the Abbasids. Caliph al-Muqtafi successfully defended his capital against the coalition armies of Seljuq Sultan Muhammad of Hamadan and Qutb ad-Din of Mosul, after in 1133 the caliph, deserted by his troops, was taken prisoner. Left in the caliphal tent, in the sultan's absence, he was found murdered while reading the Quran. To avenge his father's death, the new Caliph Al-Rashid Billah insulted the envoy of sultan Ghiyath ad-Din Mas'ud. In January 1157, Muhammad reached the walls of western Baghdad. The following Siege of Baghdad was a fifty-day blockade of Baghdad, Later Al-Muqtafi eventually realized that the siege was useless, so he preferred to fight for his throne. Thus the Siege of Baghdad came to end on 13 July 1157
16th–19th centuries timeline of Baghdad: 16th–19th centuries timeline of Baghdad, as in 1508 city was taken by Persian Ismail I., as in 1534 city of Baghdad captured by the Ottomans, as in 1535 the city becomes capital of the Baghdad Eyalet of the Ottoman Empire, as in 1544 city was taken by forces of Suleiman I., as in 1602 city was taken by forces of Abbas I of Persia, as in 1623 Baghdad captured by by Safavids, as in 1625 siege of Baghdad during the Ottoman–Safavid Wars began, as in 1638 Baghdad captured of by forces of Ottoman Murad IV., in 1683 city besieged and in 1780 Mamluk Sulayman Pasha the Great came in power, as in 1799 the city was besieged by Wahhabi-Saudi forces, as in 1816 Mamluk Dawud Pasha came in power
20th century timeline of Baghdad: 21st century timeline of Baghdad
March 1917 Fall of Baghdad in Central Powers' World War I, followed by British Mandate: March 1917 Fall of Baghdad during the Mesopotamia Campaign, fought between the forces of the British Empire and the Ottoman Empire in Central Powers' World War I, and Indian Army in Baghdad, as the following British temporary government evolved into the British Mandate for Mesopotamia and Mandatory Iraq
May 1941 Anglo-Iraqi War during WWII, the Holocaust and since 1948 new State of Israel: May 1941 Anglo-Iraqi War, a British-led Allied military campaign during Axis Powers' Second World War against the Kingdom of Iraq under Rashid Gaylani, who had seized power in the 1941 Iraqi coup d'état, with assistance from NSDAP-ruled Germany and Italy. The campaign resulted in the downfall of Gaylani's government, the re-occupation of Iraq by the British, and the return to power of the Regent of Iraq, Prince 'Abd al-Ilah, a British ally. 1948 Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries, preparing an independent new State of Israel following the Jewisch disaspora since almost 2,000 years
1968-2003 Ba'athist Iraq under the rule of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party: 1968 coup d'état led by civilian Ba'ath Party members in contrast to the military coup of 1963 - 1968-2003 Ba'athist Iraq under the rule of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party. This period began with high economic growth and soaring prosperity, but ended with Iraq facing social, political, and economic stagnation, followed by USA and UK led 2003 invasion, and the search of a new Iraqi government
21st century in Baghdad: 21st century in Baghdad
April 2003 Battle of Baghdad: April 2003 Battle of Baghdad, a military invasion of Baghdad as part of the invasion of Iraq. The USA declared victory on April 14, but Baghdad suffered serious damage to its civilian infrastructure, economy, and cultural inheritance from the fighting, as well as looting and arson. During the invasion, the Al-Yarmouk Hospital in south Baghdad saw a steady rate of about 100 new patients an hour. Over 2,000 Iraqi soldiers as well as 34 coalition troops were killed in the battle. After the fall of Baghdad, Coalition forces entered the city of Kirkuk on April 10 and Tikrit on April 15, 2003 and the war lasted until 2011, when the Arab spring began in the 'Middle East'.
2014 growing slums: 6 May 2014: Iraq faces challenge to find solution for growing slums
2015 end of their city's curfew after decade: 8 February 2015: Baghdad residents are relieved following the end of their city's curfew after a decade
February 2015 Baghdad’s first female mayor Zekra Alwach: 21 February 2015: Baghdad’s first female mayor Zekra Alwach to take reins
November 2015 Baghdad's slums and political parties: 11 November 2015: Baghdad's slums, fertile recruiting ground for political parties
25 April 2021 Iraq says 82 died in fire at Baghdad hospital housing covid-19 patients: 24 April 2021 Baghdad hospital fire - 25 April 2021: Iraq says 82 died in fire at Baghdad hospital housing Covid patients, as negligence blamed for Saturday night blaze and as PM dismisses key hospital officials
19 July 2021 Baghdad suicide bombing claimed by ISIL: 19 July 2021 Baghdad suicide bombing - 20 July 2021: A suicide bomber has killed at least 35 people and wounded more than 60 citizens in a crowded market in the Sadr City neighbourhood of Baghdad on Monday, the eve of the Eid al-Adha festival, security and hospital sources said, as Islamic State group terrorists claimed responsibility for the attack, on the eve of the Eid al-Adha festival, security and hospital sources said
1 August 2022 Shia factions mass in the streets of Baghdad: 1 August 2022: Shia factions mass in the streets of Baghdad following occupation of Iraqi parliament amid a political vacuum, as protesters from rival Shia blocs have also taken to the streets of several Iraqi cities in a show of force amid a 10-month political standoff about naming a new government
6 August 2022 Baghdad residents struggled to cope with the scorching heat: 6 August 2022: Baghdad residents struggled to cope with the scorching heat on Friday as temperatures soared above 50 degrees Celsius. Such heatwaves in Iraq add to the population's hardships as the country suffers from regular power cuts amid Irak's economic and political crisis.
Akkad former Mesopotamian city: Akkad former Mesopotamian city that was the capital of the Akkadian Empire, and that was the dominant political force in Mesopotamia during a period of about 150 years in the last third of the 3rd millennium BC. Its exact location is unknown, although there are a number of candidate sites, mostly situated east of the Tigris, roughly between the modern cities of Samarra and Baghdad
Akkad area and distribution of land in the 'Old Babylonian Empire': Location of Akkad city, as many older proposals put Akkad on the Euphrates, but more recent discussions conclude that a location on the Tigris is more likely. Based on an Old Babylonian period itinerary from Mari, Akkad would be on the Tigris just downstream of the current city of Baghdad. Mari documents also indicate that Akkad is sited at a river crossing. On the Land grant to Marduk-apla-iddina I by Meli-Shipak II the recipient is given land in of the city of Agade located around the settlement of Tamakku adjacent to the Nar Sarri (Canal of the King) in Bit-Piri’-Amurru, north of the 'land of Istar-Agade' and east of Kibati canal, by the Kassite ruler Meli-Shipak II ca. 1186–1172 BC - 1894 BC – c. 1595 BC 'Old Babylonian Empire' coming after the end of Sumerian power with the destruction of the Third Dynasty of Ur, and the subsequent Isin-Larsa period - 626 BC - 539 BC 'Neo-Babylonian Empire', the last of the Mesopotamian empires to be ruled by monarchs native to Mesopotamia. Beginning with Nabopolassar's coronation as King of Babylon in 626 BC and being firmly established through the fall of the Neo-Assyrian Empire in 612 BC, the Neo-Babylonian Empire and its ruling Chaldean dynasty were short-lived, conquered after less than a century by the Persian Achaemenid Empire in 539 BC. The defeat of the Assyrians and the transfer of empire to Babylon marked the first time the city, and southern Mesopotamia in general, had risen to dominate the Ancient Near East since the collapse of Hammurabi's Old Babylonian Empire nearly a thousand years earlier.
Samarra citySamarra city in Iraq, standing on the east bank of the Tigris in the Saladin Governorate, 125km north of Baghdad. The city of Samarra was founded by Abbasid Caliph Al-Mutasim for his Turkish professional army of around 3,000 soldiers which grew to tens of thousands later. In 2003 the city had an estimated population of 348,700 citizens. During the Iraqi Civil War, Samarra was in the 'Sunni Triangle' of resistance. In medieval times, Samarra was the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate and is the only remaining Islamic capital that retains its original plan, architecture and artistic relics
Basra city and port: Basra city located on the Shatt al-Arab, with an estimated population of 2.5 million in 2012, as Basra is Iraq's main port, although it does not have deep water access, which is handled at the port of Umm Qasr
Timeline of Basra since 638 CE: Timeline of Basra since 638 CE
November 1914 Battle of Basra in World War I: November 1914 Battle of Basra, a battle of World War I which took place south of the city of Basra between British and Ottoman troops, resulting in the British capture of Basra
March-April 1991 uprising in Basra: March-April 1991 uprising in Basra, the beginning of the unrest in Iraq following the Gulf War, as uprising started after demoralized troops throughout Iraq began to rebel against Saddam Hussein and Basra became a chaotic battlefield between military defectors and Iraqi Republican Guard, with most of Basra had been retaken by mid March amid a crackdown against civilians and suspected supporters of the uprising, following USA's withdrawl abandoning the Iraqi democracy and the opposition against Saddam Hussein's dictatorship
Basra in the 21st century: Timeline of Basra in the 21st century
March-April 2003 Battle of Basra started by the United Kingdom and USA: March-April 2003 Battle of Basra, one of the first battles of the 2003 invasion of Iraq by the United Kingdom and USA
April 2003 aerial bombing by the invading forces: April 2003 aerial bombing by the invading forces using cluster bombs and also using heavy metals, such as lead and mercury
Since April 2003 aftermath of Battle of Basra, health issues and withdrawl of victimised Red Cross: Since April 2003 aftermath of Battle of Basra and health issues, as the Red Cross, itself victimised by bombings, withdrew from Basra in October 2003, exacerbating ongoing health issues
December 2007 UK troops 'return' Basra to Iraqis: 17 December 2007 UK troops 'return' Basra to Iraqis
Dhi Qar Governorate: Dhi Qar Governorate in southern Iraq with its provincial capital Nasiriyah, as prior to 1976 the governorate was known as Muntafiq Governorate, as Dhi Qar was the heartland of the ancient Iraqi civilization of Sumer, and includes the ruins of Ur, Eridu, Lagash, Larsa, Girsu, Umma, and Bad-tibira, and as the southern area of the governorate is covered by Mesopotamian Marshes
Nasiriyah city: Nasiriyah city, the capital of the Dhi Qar Governorate in Iraq, situated along the banks of the Euphrates River about 360 km southeast of Baghdad and near the ruins of the ancient city of Ur, as its population in 2003 was about 560,000 citizens, making it the fourth largest city in Iraq, and as it had a religiously diverse population of Muslims, Mandaeans and Jews in the early 20th century, but today its inhabitants are predominantly Shias
History and timeline of Nasiriyah: History and timeline of Nasiriyah city
1872 establishment in the Ottoman era by Nasir al-Sadoon Pasha: 1872 establishment in the Ottoman era, founded by Nasir al-Sadoon Pasha of the Muntafiq tribal confederation
27 November 2020 deadls Al-Habboubi Square attack: 27 November 2020 Al-Habboubi Square attack, as part of the 2019-2021 Iraqi protests, as aAfter finishing Friday prayers, an armed group known as the 'Peace Companies' attacked civil protesters at the Al-Habboubi Square in Nasiriyah leaving 4 civil protesters dead and 70 protesters injured, as the attack's alleged motive was to expel protesters from the area
13 July 2021 rising public anger over Iraq’s healthcare system after ward fire: 13 July 2021: The death toll from an overnight inferno in a covid-19 hospital ward in southern Iraq's city of Nasireyah has risen to 64, amid rising anger and questions about the competence of the country’s health sector, as the blaze was the second in a coronavirus unit in the past three months, and after more than 80 people died in a Baghdad hospital in April, and as in both cases the fires were thought to have started after oxygen tanks ignited
Diyala Governorate in eastern Iraq: Diyala Governorate in eastern Iraq, extending to the northeast of Baghdad as far as the Iranian border, as its capital is Baqubah. A large portion of the province is drained by the Diyala River, a major tributary of the Tigris. Because of its proximity to two major sources of water, Diyala's main industry is agriculture, primarily dates grown in large groves. The province also contains one of the largest olive groves in the Middle East. It is also recognized as the orange capital of the Middle East. The Hamrin Mountains pass through the governorate.
27 October 2021 deadly ISIL attack in Diyala province in eastern Iraq: 27 October 2021: At least 11 people have been killed and others wounded in an ISIL attack on a village in Diyala province in eastern Iraq, according to the country’s security forces, as the attack targeted 'defenceless civilians' in the village of al-Hawasha, near the town of Muqdadiya
28 November 2021 Peshmerga soldiers killed in an ambushing attack by ISIL: 28 November 2021: Five Peshmerga fighters were killed in an ambushing attack by the ISIL armed group in northern Iraq, KRG said on Sunday, as also four Peshmerga were wounded in Diyala province on Saturday night, as the five Peshmerga killed were in a convoy on their way to attend to the wounded when they hit a roadside bomb planted by the armed group
Districts of Diyala Province: Districts of Diyala Province, including Al Khalis District, Al-Miqdadiya District, Ba'quba District, Balad Ruz District, Khanaqin District, Kifri District and Diyala Governorate
Diyala River: Diyala River, a tributary of the Tigris. It is formed by the confluence of Sirwan river and Tanjaro river in Darbandikhan Dam in the Sulaymaniyah Governorate of Northern Iraq, covering a total distance of 445km
Baqubah city: Baqubah city, the capital of Iraq's Diyala Governorate, located some 50 km to the northeast of Baghdad, on the Diyala River. In 2003 it had an estimated population of some 467,900 people. During the Abbasid Caliphate, it was known for its date and fruit orchards, irrigated by the Nahrawan Canal. It is now known as the centre of Iraq's commercial orange groves
History and timeline of Baqubah cityHistory and timeline of Baqubah city
Miqdadiyah city: Miqdadiyah city in the Diyala Governorate of Iraq. Its population of 155,968 citizens in 2014 is a mix of Arabs, Turkmens and Kurds. The city is located about 80km northeast of Baghdad and 30km northeast of Baquba
27 October 2021 deadly ISIL attack in Diyala province in eastern Iraq: 27 October 2021: At least 11 people have been killed and others wounded in an ISIL attack on a village in Diyala province in eastern Iraq, according to the country’s security forces, as the attack targeted 'defenceless civilians' in the village of al-Hawasha, near the town of Muqdadiya
Al Anbar Governorate: Al Anbar Governorate, geographically the largest Iraqi governorate with a population of 1,771,656 citizens in 2018 Population of Al Anbar - 2015 Al-Karmah offensive
2015 planned reforms against corruption and sectarian and party quotas for government positions: 13 August 2015: Iraq's Anbar governor announces to implement a package of reforms as part of PM's campaign to combat corruption and end sectarian and party quotas for government positions
Ramadi city: Ramadi city in central Iraq, the capital of Al Anbar Governorate about 110 kilometers west of Baghdad and 50 kilometers west of Fallujah, as the city extends along the Euphrates and is the largest city in Al-Anbar, as - after its foundation by the Ottoman Empire in 1879 - today with a population of about 223,500 people (2018), near the entirety of whom are Sunni Arabs from the Dulaim tribal confederation
Since 1987 University of Anbar: Since 1987 University of Anbar, an Iraqi university in Ramadi, founded in 1987 with a college of education and a college of girls' education, and then expanded until it reached university status in 2011 with 19 colleges
History of Ramadi: History of Ramadi
1917 Battles of Ramadi during WWI: 1917 Battles of Ramadi were fought between the forces of the British and Ottoman Empires in July and September during World War I, as the two sides contested the town of Ramadi in central Iraq, about 100 km west of Baghdad on the south bank of the Euphrates River, where an important Ottoman garrison was quartered, as the town's strategic position on the road between Aleppo and Baghdad made it a key British target during the Mesopotamian campaign, but the hostile climatic conditions meant that it took two attacks over the course of three months for the town to fall
2015/2016 Battle of Ramadi: 2015/2016 Battle of Ramadi, launched by the forces of Iraq to successfully recapture the city of Ramadi from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant ISIL, which had taken the city earlier in 2015 in a previous battle, as air power now was a major component of the battle, as the USA's and other nations' airstrikes were the main reason why the city was recaptured by Iraqi forces, but predicting that it would take several months to clear the city of the bombs ISIL left behind, and at the time, Ramadi had suffered more damage than any other city or town in Iraq
Nineveh Governorate: Nineveh Governorate
Mosul city: Mosul city, a major city in northern Iraq located some 400 km north of Baghdad, standing on the west bank of the Tigris, opposite the ancient Assyrian city of Nineveh on the east bank
Education in Mosul: Education in Mosul, having several universities and colleges (including the University of Mosul), and multiple highschools (some coeducational)
History of Mosul: History of Mosul
2016-2017 Battle of Mosul: 2016-2017 Battle of Mosul, a major military campaign launched by the Iraqi Government forces with allied militias, the Kurdistan Regional Government, and international forces to retake the city of Mosul from the Islamic State terrorists
March 2019 ferry disaster: 21 March 2019 Mosul ferry sinking - 21 March 2019: At least 94 people, including 19 children, have drowned after a ferry overloaded with revellers celebrating the Kurdish new year and Mother’s Day capsized in the Tigris river near Mosul in Iraq
Erbil Governorate: Erbil Governorate, a governorate of Iraq in Kurdistan Region. It is home to the capital and economic hub of the autonomous region of Kurdistan Region
Erbil city: Erbil city, the capital and most populated city in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. It has around 1.5 million inhabitants, while Erbil Governorate has 2,932,800 inhabitants as of 2020
History of Erbil: History of Erbil, as the region in which Erbil lies was largely under Sumerian domination from c. 3000 BC, until the rise of the Akkadian Empire (2335–2154 BC), which united all of the Akkadian Semites and Sumerians of Mesopotamia under one rule. Today the Assyrian people, a Syriac-speaking community who claim descent from Akkadian speakers, endure as a minority in northern Iraq, north east Syria, south east Turkey and north west Iran, their population is estimated to be 3.3 million.
Erbil Governorate: Erbil Governorate, a governorate of Iraq in Kurdistan Region. It is home to the capital and economic hub of the autonomous region of Kurdistan Region
Timeline of Erbil since 1232: Timeline of Erbil since Middle Ages
17 December 2021 at least 8 people died, several injured as torrential rains caused severe flooding in Erbil: 17 December 2021: At least eight people have died and several have been injured after torrential rains caused severe flooding in Erbil, the capital of the semi-autonomous Kurdish region of northern Iraq, according to officials
Demographics and minorities in Iraq: Demographics of Iraq - Ethnic groups in Iraq - Minorities in Iraq
Arabs in Iraq: Arabs in Iraq - Arabs have been the majority in Mesopotamia since the Sasanian Empire 224-637, from the eighth century following the Muslim conquest of Persia Arabic became the dominant language of Iraqi Muslims
Assyrians in Iraq: Assyrians in Iraq or Iraqi-Assyrians are an ethnoreligious and linguistic minority in present-day Iraq with significant populations in Baghdad, Dohuk and Nineveh Governorates - History of the Assyrian people - Assyrian homeland
Jews in modern Iraq: History of the Jews in modern Iraq
Kurds in Iraq: Kurds in Iraq, the largest ethnic minority in Iraq, comprising between 15% and 20% of the country's population, as Sunni Islam became the dominant religion of the Kurdish people Kurds made sure to keep spiritual identity separate from national identity and today many Muslim Kurds do not consider themselves particularly religious but secondary practices of Islam have a stronghold in Kurdish culture - History of the Kurdish people - Iraqi Kurdistan - Disputed territories of Northern Iraq
2016: 8 September 2016: Iranian Kurdish rebel group Kurdistan Freedom Party received military training in weapons and explosives from USA and European advisers as part of the international program backing Kurds in the war against Islamic State terrorists in Iraq
2017: September 2017 Iraqi Kurdistan independence referendum, scheduled to be held on 25 September 2017
Palestinians in Iraq: Palestinians in Iraq, most of whom have been residing in Iraq after they were expelled from their homeland in 1948, before 2003, there were approximately 34,000 mainly concentrated in Baghdad, however, since the 2003 Iraq war, the figure lies between 10,000 - 13,000
Iraqi Turkmens: Iraqi Turkmens are a Turkic ethnic group, mainly residing in northern Iraq, and the third largest ethnic group in Iraq after Arabs and Kurds
Yazidis: Yazidis are an ethnically Kurdish religious community indigenous to northern Mesopotamia
2016: 17 September 2016: Yazidi Nadia Murad Basee Taha, who survived rape and abuse as a sex slave of Islamic State terrorists, became a UN goodwill ambassador for the dignity of survivors of human trafficking, calling for justice for the victims of the terrorists and argued that the 2014 attack on the Yazidis should be recognised as a genocide
Religion in Iraq: Religion in Iraq - Freedom of religion in Iraq
Shia–Sunni relations in modern Iraq: Shia–Sunni relations in modern Iraq
June 2017: 22 June 2017: In another devastating blow to Iraq’s heritage, Islamic State terrorists blows up Mosul’s iconic leaning minaret and the adjacent mosque, that had stood for over 840 years, and where al-Baghdadi in 2014 declared himself 'caliph', as Iraqi PM said that the destruction of the Grand Nouri mosque is an admission by the militants that they are losing the fight for the country’s second-largest city
History of the Jews in Iraq: History of the Jews in Iraq - Talmudic Academies in Babylonia - History of the Jews in modern Iraq
Culture and languages of Iraq: Culture of Iraq - History of Mesopotamia - Architecture of Mesopotamia - Languages of Iraq - Modern Standard Arabic - Kurdish languages - Syriac language - Armenian language - Neo-Aramaic languages
Mesopotamian Arabic
Women in Iraq: Women in Iraq - Women's rights - Organization of Women's Freedom in Iraq
February 2014 Iraqi forces detaining thousands of women illegally, subjecting them to torture and abuse: 6 February 2014: Iraqi security forces are detaining thousands of women illegally and subjecting them to torture and abuse, Human Rights Watch says
8 March 2014 Iraqi women protest bill permitting marriage of girls aged 9: 8 March 2014: On internaational women's day Iraqi women protest bill permitting marriage of girls aged 9
14 December 2022 women are burning themselves in Iraqi Kurdistan: 14 December 2022: Women in Iraq are facing rising levels of domestic abuse. Cases of gender-based violence have seen a surge of 125% between 2020 and 2021, according to the United Nations. In the Kurdistan region, women who feel trapped in abusive households often see suicide by self-immolation as their only way out. The Kurdistan Regional Government has tried to combat violence against women, but many remain at risk.
Children in Iraq:
June 2016 3.6 million children in Iraq face risks of death, injury, sexual violence and recruitment: 30 June 2016: 3.6 million children in Iraq face risks of death, injury, sexual violence and recruitment, and a third of all Iraqi children need humanitarian aid, with conditions only getting worse following ongoing conflicts, Unicef says
July 2017: 5 July 2017: Years of living under Islamic State has left the children of Mosul with such dangerous levels of psychological damage they are unable to show emotion or play and are haunted by waking nightmares, according to 'Save the Children', based on discussions with children who had escaped to the Hammam al-Alil camp for displaced persons
Youth in Iraq: Youth in Iraq, Iraqis between 15–24 years old represent 19.6% of Iraq’s population of 32 million, the population continues to rise, but the youth population have experienced poor health from the effects of both malnutrition and poverty and securing employment is difficult for youth in Iraq
2014 almost 1 million young Iraqis aged 15-24 are registered as unemployed: 22 October 2014: Youth make up a major part of Iraq's population and almost 1 million of them aged 15-24 are registered as unemployed, Unesco says
Education in Iraq: Education in Iraq
Schools in Iraq: List of schools in Iraq
July 2017: 29 July 2017: Schoolgirls in Iraq’s Mosul aim to catch up on lost years after years of war, IS rule and despite difficult conditions
Universities in Iraq: Universities in Iraq
Violence against academics in post-invasion Iraq: Violence against academics in post-invasion Iraq since 2003
Health in Iraq: Health in Iraq
Water supply, quality and sanitation in Iraq: Water supply and sanitation in Iraq
Medical outbreaks, disasters and man-made disasters in Iraq: Medical outbreaks in Iraq - Disasters in Iraq - Man-made disasters in Iraq
2007 Iraq cholera outbreak: 2007 Iraq cholera outbreak
Since February 2020 covid-19 pandemic in Iraq: Since February 2020 covid-19 pandemic in Iraq
Since February 2020 timeline of the covid-19 pandemic in Iraq: Timeline of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic in Iraq - Overview of confirmed covid-19 cases in each Governorate of Iraq
14 April 2020 Iraq reports 1,378 covid-19 cases and 78 victims: 14 April 2020: Iraq reports 1,378 covid-19 cases and 78 victims
14 April 2020 Iraq suspends Reuters' licence over covid-19 but agency contradicts: 14 April 2020: Iraq has suspended the licence of the Reuters news agency after it published a story saying the number of confirmed covid-19 cases in the country was higher than officially reported, but Reuters said it stood by the story, which it said was based on multiple, well-placed medical and political sources, and fully represented the position of the Iraqi health ministry
Healthcare in Iraq: Healthcare in Iraq - Childbirth in Iraq
List of hospitals in Iraq: List of hospitals in Iraq, listed by city - Medical education in Iraq - Hospitals in Baghdad
24/25 April 2021 Baghdad hosptial fire: 24/25 April 2021 Baghdad hosptial fire at the Ibn al-Khatib hospital, that left at least 82 people dead and 110 others injured, as the fire was started by the explosion of oxygen tanks designated for covid-19 patients
13 July 2021 rising public anger over Iraq’s healthcare system after ward fire: 13 July 2021: The death toll from an overnight inferno in a covid-19 hospital ward in southern Iraq's city of Nasireyah has risen to 64, amid rising anger and questions about the competence of the country’s health sector, as the blaze was the second in a coronavirus unit in the past three months, and after more than 80 people died in a Baghdad hospital in April, and as in both cases the fires were thought to have started after oxygen tanks ignited
Media of Iraq: Media of Iraq - Media in Iraq by city - News agencies based in Iraq - Media in Iraqi Kurdistan
Media in Baghdad, Basra, Erbil, Mosul and Sulaymaniyah: Media in Baghdad - Economy and media of Basra - Media in Erbil - Media in Mosul - Media in Sulaymaniyah
2003 media coverage of USA/United Kingdom's Iraq War: 2003 media coverage of the Iraq War, as USA's und UK's invasion involved unprecedented USA media coverage, especially cable news networks, and the coverage itself became a source of controversy, as media outlets were accused of pro-war bias, reporters were casualties of both Iraqi and invaders' gunfire, and claims of censorship and propaganda became widespread
Newspapers in Iraq: Newspapers in Iraq
Broadcastingin Iraq: Radio in Iraq - Television in Iraq - 28 April 2013: Iraqi authorities announced that they had revoked the operating licenses of pan-Arab broadcaster Al-Jazeera and nine other satellite TV channels, alleging that they are promoting a sectarian agenda as the country grapples with a wave of violence - 24 October 2013: Iraqi journalist Bashar Abdulqader killed in Mosul
Internet in Iraq: Internet in Iraq - Iraqi news websites
December 2019 social media sets rules of media coverage: 24 December 2019: Armed with cameras, Iraqi protesters are shaping the nation's memory, as social media now sets the rules after the modest part it had in the 2011 uprising, providing videos showing Iraqis fleeing bullets fired by regime's armed forces and Shi’ite militias
Crime in Iraq: Crime in Iraq - War crimes in Iraq
Religiously motivated violence in Iraq: Religiously motivated violence in Iraq
December 2019 Iranian-backed militia stabbed Iraqis in Baghdad: 5 December 2019: More than a dozen people have been stabbed in a Baghdad square that has become a focal point for anti-government and anti-Iran protests after supporters of an Iranian-backed militia flooded the area
Terrorism in Iraq: Terrorism in Iraq - Terrorist incidents in Iraq by year - Since October 2003 suicide bombings in Baghdad
Since 2004 chlorine bombings in Iraq: Chlorine bombings in Iraq began as early as October 2004, when terrorists in Al Anbar province started using chlorine gas in conjunction with conventional vehicle-borne explosive devices
2013 terrorists planned to produce chemical poisons: 2 June 2013: A suspected al Qaeda cell captured that planned to produce chemical poisons such as mustard gas, government says
Terrorist incidents in Iraq in 2016: Terrorist incidents in Iraq in 2016
Terrorist incidents in Iraq in 2017: Terrorist incidents in Iraq in 2017
Terrorist incidents in Iraq in 2018: Terrorist incidents in Iraq in 2018
Terrorist incidents in Iraq in 2019: Terrorist incidents in Iraq in 2019
21 January 2021 Baghdad bomb terrorist attack: 21 January 2021 Baghdad bombings, a terrorist attack carried out by two suicide bombers at an open-air market in central Baghdad - 21 January 2021: Two suicide bombers kill 28 shoppers in first Baghdad strike in three years, and dozens of civilians were wounded, as bomber in secondhand clothes market pretends to be ill before detonating device as people come to help
23 January 2021 deadly Baghdad attack: 23/24 janvier 2021: Onze combattants du Hachd al-Chaabi, une coalition de paramilitaires désormais intégrés à l’État irakien, ont été tués samedi soir dans une embuscade du groupe jihadiste État islamique au nord de Bagdad, ont rapporté à l’AFP
Attacks on buildings and structures in Iraq: Attacks on buildings and structures in Iraq - Attacks on diplomatic missions in Iraq - Marketplace attacks in Iraq - Attacks on religious buildings and structures in Iraq - Attacks on buildings and structures in Baghdad
May 2020 Katyusha rocket struck Baghdad's heavily fortified Green Zone: 19 May 2020: A Katyusha rocket struck Baghdad's heavily fortified Green Zone, the seat of Iraq's government, the first attack on the area since new PM was sworn in earlier this month
1 May 2021 4 jihadist attacks: 1 mai 2021: Dix-huit Irakiens ont été tués de nuit dans quatre attaques jihadistes, notamment dans la grande ceinture de Bagdad, ont indiqué à l’AFP des sources de sécurité
'Islamic State' terrorists: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant - Timeline of Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant events in 2014 - 2014 ISIL beheading incidents
2014: 25 September 2014: ISIS kill lawyer Samira Salih al-Nuaimi for 'apostasy' when she criticised them on Facebook for being religious bigots - 4 October 2014: Isis video shows murder of British hostage Alan Henning, who had gone to Syria to help victims of conflict by joining an aid convoy and was taken captive on December 26
2021 list of terrorist incidents linked to ISIL also in Iraq: 2021 list of terrorist incidents linked to ISIL, committed in Afghanistan, Iraq and Pakistan
Persecution of Yazidis and Assyrians by the 'Islamic State': Persecution of Yazidis by Islamic State - Persecution of Assyrians by the Islamic State
Destruction of cultural heritage by 'Islamic State' terrorists: Destruction of cultural heritage by Islamic State terrorists
Corruption in Iraq: Corruption in Iraq
Human trafficking in Iraq: Human trafficking in Iraq
Law enforcement in Iraq: Law enforcement in Iraq
Iraqi–Kurdish conflict 1918-2003, disputed territories and regional government: Iraqi–Kurdish conflict 1918-2003 - 16 March 1988 Halabja poison gas attack, genocidal massacre against the Kurdish people
Kurdistan Regional Government and disputed territories of Northern Iraq: Kurdistan Regional Government - Disputed territories of Northern Iraq
Timeline of Erbil since 1232: Timeline of Erbil since Middle Ages
Kirkuk–Ceyhan Oil Pipeline: Kirkuk–Ceyhan Oil Pipeline
2015 Financial and economic crisis in the Kurdistan region: 2015 Financial and economic crisis in the Kurdistan region
Iraqi Kurdistan society, politics and human rights: Iraqi society - Human rights in Iraqi Kurdistan
Elections and politics in Iraqi Kurdistan: Iraqi Kurdistan legislative election 25 July 2009
2012/2013: 28 July 2012: Kurd leader Massoud Barzani warns against budget cuts by Iraq - 10 January 2013: Syrian Kurds find refuge in northern Iraq - camp Domiz is home to about 30.000 Syrian Kurds who are allowed to move freely and work in the region - 14 mai: Les premiers rebelles du PKK arrivent en Irak après leur retrait de Turquie - 11 June 2013: More than 1,000 Kurdish career soldiers in the Iraqi army have deserted and want to be integrated into the Kurdish former rebel peshmerga militia - 26 June 2013: A Kurdish bloc won the most seats in one of two provinces that held delayed elections last week, surprisingly beating out the governor's Sunni Arab party - 28 July: A suicide car bomber rammed his vehicle into a Kurdish security patrol in northern city of Tuz Khormato killing eight people and wounding five more - 18 août 2013: Des milliers de Kurdes syriens affluent dans la région autonome du Kurdistan irakien en quête d'un peu de répit, loin des privations et des combats contre les jihadistes
Kurdistan Region/Israel relations: Kurdistan Region/Israel relations
Kurdistan Region/European Union relations: Kurdistan Region/European Union relations
Since July 2021 Belarus–European Union border crisis: Since July 2021 Belarus–European Union border crisis
Kurdistan Region/Syria relations: Kurdistan Region/Syria relations
Foreign relations of Iraq: Foreign relations of Iraq
Treaties of Iraq: Treaties of Iraq
Iraq/Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) relations: Member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
2014: 12 June 2014: UN official to Iraq briefs Security Council saying there is no immediate threat to Baghdad - 2 July: UN and USA sharply criticised Iraqi leaders, warning time is running out after chaos in parliament despite calls for unity in the face of Isis offensive - 15 August: Iraq PM al-Maliki's decision to step down welcomed by UN's Ban Ki-moon, who urges meeting on nuclear-free Mideast - 20 September 2014: UN urges global support for Iraq to fight terror, reaffirms support for its force in Golan - 24 September 2014: As USA-led coalition's campaign against 'Islamic State' continues in Iraq and Syria, a UN Security Council committee blacklists more than a dozen foreign extremist fighters, fundraisers and recruiters tied to militant groups in Syria, Iraq, Afghanistan, Tunisia and Yemen - 18 October 2014: UN Security Council urges the international community to further strengthen support for the Iraqi government including Security Forces in the fight against Islamic State
Bilateral relations of Iraq: Bilateral relations of Iraq
Iraq/Australia relations: Iraq/Australia relations
Iraq/Bahrain relations: Iraq/Bahrain relations
Iraq/PR of China relations: Iraq/PR of China relations
Since February 2020 Chinese 2020 coronavirus pandemic in Iraq: Since February 2020 Chinese 2020 coronavirus pandemic in Iraq
2014-present Iranian intervention in Iraq: Iranian intervention in Iraq (2014–present)
Iraq/Turkey relations: Iraq/Turkey relations - Euphrates river
2008 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq2008 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq
August 2011 Turkey-Iraq cross-border raids: August 2011 Turkey-Iraq cross-border raids
Iraq/United Kingdom relations: Iraq/United Kingdom relations
British/USA-led Iraq War (2003-2011) and aftermath: Iraq War (2003-2011) - Category: Iraq War since 2003 - Bush and Blair determined to go to war regardless of the facts - memo of the meeting 31 January 2003 - Besetzung des Irak seit 2003 - "Iraq War Logs" (Tagebuch des Irakkriegs) - 104.924 recorded Iraqi deaths including 66.081 civilian deaths until 2009 - 20 October 2012: The families of two soldiers killed in Iraq have been told they can sue the Ministry of Defence for negligence - 21 December: Britain has paid out $22.7m to Iraqis who accused UK troops of illegally detaining and torturing them following the 2003 invasion - 29 January 2013: British troops in Iraq killed civilians including women, the elderly and children and committed 'terrifying acts of brutality', the High Court heard today - 17 March 2013: At least 112,000 civilians were killed in the 10 years since the US-led 2003 invasion of Iraq, according to the Britain-based Iraq Body Count group - 1 June 2013: Britain must investigate torture in Iraq, Afghanistan, UN says
3 March 2021 airbase hosting USA troops in Iraq targeted in rocket attack: 3 March 2021 airbase hosting USA troops in Iraq targeted in rocket attack, coalition says
Natural disasters in Iraq - heatwaves, droughts, dust storms, flooding: Natural disasters in Iraq
23 August 2021 water crisis and drought threaten more than 12 million in Syria and Iraq: 23 August 2021: Water crisis and drought threaten more than 12 million in Syria and Iraq, Norwegian Refugee Council says
116 May 2022 Iraq's eighth sandstorm since mid-April: a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-middle-east-61469512">16 May 2022: Iraq has been engulfed by dust and sand once again, hospitalising hundreds with breathing difficulties and forcing flights to remain grounded, in Iraq's eighth sandstorm since mid-April aa the red haze reduced visibility to just a few hundred feet in In Baghdad and southern Iraqi cities
Earthquakes in Iraq: Earthquakes in Iraq


Israel - Geography of Israel - History of Israel - Demographics of Israel
Manufacturing companies of Israel: Manufacturing companies of Israel
Medical technology companies of Israel: Medical technology companies of Israel
High technology in Israel: High technology in Israel
Aircraft manufacturers of Israel: Aircraft manufacturers of Israel
Since 19 September 1988 launch history of Israeli reconnaissance satellites: Since 19 September 1988 launch history of Israeli reconnaissance satellites
Oil and gas companies of Israel: Oil and gas companies of Israel
Since 2007 Grand Technion Energy Program: Grand Technion Energy Program since 2007
March 2013 Israel begins gas delivery from offshore Tamar field: 30 March 2013: Israel begins gas delivery from offshore Tamar field
2016 nearly half of Israel's farmland threatened by over-processing and climate change: 24 April 2016: Nearly half of Israel's farmland threatened by over-processing and climate change
February 2020 in pilot Israeli dairy won’t separate calves from mothers: 11 February 2020: In first pilot of its kind, Israeli dairy won’t separate calves from mothers
Irrigation in Israel: Irrigation in Israel
Agricultural research in Israel: Agricultural research in Israel
Fishing in Israel: Fishing in Israel
External trade of Israel: External trade of Israel
Banking in Israel: Banking in Israel - Banks of Israel
Financial services in Israel: Financial services in Israel
Tel Aviv Stock Exchange: Tel Aviv Stock Exchange
Economic history of Israel and economic cycles: Economic history of Israel
1949-1959 Austerity in Israel: 1949-1959 Austerity in Israel
1983 Israel bank stock crisis and 1985 Economic Stabilization Plan: 1983 Israel bank stock crisis - 1985 Israel Economic Stabilization Plan
Palestinian workers in Israel: Palestinian workers in Israel
Standard of living and poverty in Israel: Standard of living in Israel
28 April 2021 high cost of living weighs on Israelis’ quality of life: 28 April 2021: High cost of living weighs on Israelis’ quality of life, IMF data shows
Taxation in Israel: Taxation in Israel
Government budget in Israel: Israel Government Budget


Israel Defense Forces: Israel Defense Forces
Since 1904-1914 'Second Aliyah' history of the IDF: History of the Israel Defense Forces, as IDF traces its roots to Jewish paramilitary organizations in the New Yishuv, starting with the Second Aliyah (1904 to 1914). The first such organization was Bar-Giora, founded in September 1907. Bar-Giora was transformed into Hashomer in April 1909, which operated until the British Mandate of Palestine came into being in 1920. Hashomer was an elitist organization with narrow scope, and was mainly created to protect against criminal gangs seeking to steal property. The Zion Mule Corps and the Jewish Legion, both part of the British Army of World War I, would further bolster the Yishuv with military experience and manpower, forming the basis for later paramilitary forces. After the 1920 Palestine riots against Jews in April 1920, the Yishuv leadership realized the need for a nationwide underground defense organization, and the Haganah was founded in June of the same year. The Haganah became a full-scale defense force after the 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine with an organized structure, consisting of three main units—the Field Corps, Guard Corps, and the Palmach. During World War II, the Yishuv participated in the British war effort, culminating in the formation of the Jewish Brigade. These would eventually form the backbone of the Israel Defense Forces, and provide it with its initial manpower and doctrine.
Since early Middle Ages old 'Yishuv' of Jewish residents in the Land of Israel, since Roman empire's decay: Seit dem frühen Mittelalter kamen Einwanderer aus aschkenasischen und sefardischen jüdischen Gemeinden nach Palästina, um bei dortigen Rabbinern das jüdische Gesetz zu studieren und um das Gebot, im Lande Israel zu leben, zu erfüllen, aber auch um hier ihre letzte Ruhestätte zu finden. In der Regel passten diese Einwanderer ihre Lebensweise der orientalischen Umgebung an. Der alte Jischuv (old 'Yishuv') umfasste in der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts hauptsächlich die vier Heiligen Städte des Judentums Safed, Tiberias, Hebron und Jerusalem. Weitere Orte waren Jaffa, Haifa, Pek’in, Akkon, Nablus, Schefar’am und bis 1779 Gaza. Im alten Jischuv herrschte überwiegend große Armut. Viele Menschen lebten von Spenden von jüdischen Gemeinden der Diaspora. Ihrerseits fertigten Menschen aus dem Jischuv geschnitzte rituelle Gegenstände aus Olivenholz, die sie zum Verkauf in der Diaspora anboten.
Since 19th century new 'Yishuv' of Jewish residents amid growing anti-Semitism in Europe: Als neuer Jischuv wird das jüdische Gemeinwesen Palästinas bezeichnet, das nach 1860 durch die überwiegend zionistisch motivierte Einwanderung insbesondere aus Mittel- und Osteuropa entstand und seine eigenen (teils proto-staatlichen) Strukturen entwickelte. Am Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts kristallisierte sich heraus, dass diese Einwanderungswelle nicht die Fortsetzung der traditionell von kleinen Gruppen oder Individuen getragenen Einwanderung war, sondern den Beginn einer neuen Form jüdischen Zuzugs bildete. Differenziert wurde aber nicht nur nach dem Zeitpunkt der Einwanderung, sondern auch nach dem Lebensstil. Der alte Jischuv war überwiegend arabisch- und ladinosprachig, die neuen Einwanderer sprachen überwiegend Jiddisch und andere europäische Sprachen (Polnisch, Russisch, Ukrainisch, Deutsch u. a.); der alte Jischuv war sephardisch, der neue hingegen aschkenasisch geprägt. Angehörige des neuen Jischuv gründeten die ersten Stadtviertel Jerusalems außerhalb der Stadtmauer und in Form von Moschawot die ersten landwirtschaftlichen jüdischen Siedlungen in Palästina. Damit legten sie eine wichtige Grundlage für die spätere Gründung des Staates Israel. Da sich der neue Jischuv als politische Bewegung verstand, bildete er in Palästina Strukturen zur Organisation und Verwaltung des jüdischen Gemeinwesens auf Basis von Anerkennung oder Ablehnung aus freien Stücken der Mitglieder. Die Organisationen und Verwaltungen standen als privatrechtliche Einheiten neben den älteren öffentlich-rechtlichen Verwaltungsformen des Osmanischen Reiches und später der britischen Mandatsverwaltung. Bereits 1903 gründete sich die erste Knesset, und ab 1920 fanden turnusmäßig Wahlen zu einer Repräsentantenversammlung des Jischuv statt. 1908 folgte das Palästinaamt und 1909 die Selbstverteidigungsorganisation HaSchomer. Weiter wurden Schulen und Hochschulen, Arbeiterorganisationen, Gesundheits- und Kulturleistungen gegründet. 1928 erkannte die britische Mandatsregierung den Jischuv als öffentlich-rechtliche Personalkörperschaft an, und zwar im Rahmen der 1926 erlassenen palästinensischen Religious Communities Organisation Ordinance (Verordnung bezüglich religiöser Gemeinschaftsorganisationen). War eine Beteiligung an Organisationen und Wahl in die Vertretungsorgane des Jischuv vorher davon abhängig, ob man deren Satzungen anerkannte und im Gegenzug von den Organisationen aufgenommen wurde, bildete nunmehr der Jischuv eine Körperschaft aller Juden des Landes, von deren Selbstorganisation man zwar Abstand nehmen konnte, aus der einen die Organe selbst aber nicht ausschließen konnten. Dadurch fanden auch nichtzionistische Juden, sowie Anhänger verschiedener, sich bekämpfender Strömungen des Zionismus, die sich zuvor kaum zu einer gemeinsamen Organisation zusammenfinden konnten, ihre Vertretung in den öffentlich-rechtlichen Organen des Jischuvs als Personalkörperschaft
29 November 1947 UN Partition Plan and 1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine: 29 November 1947 UN Partition Plan for Palestine - 30 November 1947 – 14 May 1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine
31 May 1948 Israel Defense Forces founded, with no room for defensive war tactics: Die Israelischen Verteidigungsstreitkräfte wurden am 31. Mai 1948 gegründet und gingen aus Untergrundorganisationen im Jischuw hervor. Die größten Gründungskontingente stammten insbesondere aus der Hagana und dem Palmach. Auch die paramilitärischen Teile des mit der Hagana rivalisierenden Irgun und Lechi wurden in die Armee eingegliedert. Die Gründung fand in den Wirren des seit 1947 schwelenden Arabisch-Israelischen Krieges statt, als die konkurrierenden jüdischen Organisationen die Notwendigkeit der Zusammenarbeit für das gemeinsame zionistische Anliegen erkannten. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt waren die auf dem Papier technisch und organisatorisch weit überlegenen Armeen Transjordaniens, des Irak, des Libanon, Ägyptens und Syriens als Reaktion auf die Staatsgründung Israels am 14. Mai 1948 eingefallen. Seit Gründung ist die allgemeine Einsatzdoktrin der Israelischen Verteidigungsstreitkräfte von der Ansicht geprägt, dass Israel aufgrund seiner geringen territorialen Ausdehnung keinen Raum für defensive Kriegstaktiken hat. Militärische Konflikte, ob vorbereitet oder durch militärische Eskalationen ausgelöst, müssen daher auf politischer Ebene verhindert werden. Das Militär unterstützt diese außenpolitische Leitlinie mit einem wirksamen Abschreckungspotenzial.
Prepare for defense, saying a small standing army with an early warning capability, regular air force and navy, an efficient reserve mobilization and transportation system
Move to counterattack, saying multi-arm coordination, transferring the battle to enemy territory quickly, quick attainment of war objectives
Code of conduct, as in 1992, the IDF drafted a Code of Conduct that combines international law, Israeli law, Jewish heritage and the IDF's own traditional ethical code—the IDF Spirit


Military equipment of Israel: Military equipment of Israel
Israeli Air Force, equipment and defense missile systems: Israeli Air Force - History of the Israeli Air Force - Israel Air Forces equipment
Unmanned aerial vehicles of Israel: Unmanned aerial vehicles of Israel
Israeli aeronautics missile and defense systems: Aeronautics missile and defense systems - IAI products
Technological and Logistics Directorate: Since 1947 Technological and Logistics Directorate
Since 1950 Military Intelligence Directorate in Israel: Since 1950 Military Intelligence Directorate in Israel
Conscription in Israel, reserve duty and women in the Israel Defense Forces: Conscription in Israel - Reserve duty - Women in the Israel Defense Forces
Israeli military personnel: Israeli military personnel
Members of the Israel Defense Forces who are missing in action: Members of the Israel Defense Forces who are missing in action
Exemption from military service in Israel: Exemption from military service in Israel
Refusal to serve in the IDF: Refusal to serve in the IDF
Israeli security forces: Israeli security forces


Foreign relations of Israel: Foreign relations of Israel
Treaties of Israel: Treaties of Israel
International recognition of Israel: International recognition of Israel
Jewish global population by country, following the Roman empire's destruction of Judea in 66–136 CE and the Jewish diaspora: Jewish global population by country following the Roman empire's destruction of Judea in 66–136 CE, resulting in the Jewish diaspora
Israel's membership in international organizations: Israel's membership in international organizations
Israel and the United Nations: Israel and the United Nations
Permanent Representatives of Israel to the UN: Permanent Representatives of Israel to the United Nations
Israel, Palestine and the United Nations: Israel, Palestine and the UN
2013 Iranian Mullah regime's 'window of opportunity' against Israel: 29 January 2013: Remembering a decision last year to investigate Jewish settlements in the West Bank Israel boycotts UN rights council in unprecedented move - 31 January 2013: UN inquiry concludes all Israeli settlement activity in West Bank is unlawful and must cease 'immediately', and calls for sanctions against Israel over West Bank settlements - 26 February 2013: The United Nations has called for an independent inquiry into the death of Palestinian Arafat Jaradat in Israeli custody - 2 October 2013: Iran now has a window of opportunity to prove its nuclear program is for peaceful purposes, UN's Ban Ki-moon reportedly told PM Benjamin Netanyahu during their meeting in New York - 29 October 2013: Israel returns to UN rights forum after 1.5 year boycott
2014 amid present aggessions and nuclear threats Israel condemns UNESCO decision against exhibition tracing 3,500 years of Jewish history: 19 January 2014: Israel's PM Benjamin Netanyahu condemns UNESCO decision to postpone an exhibit tracing 3,500 years of ties between the Jewish people and Israel, following pressure from Arab countries - 28 February 2014: Israel urges IAEA to issue full report on Iran nuclear research - 13 March 2014: UN's Ban Ki-moon strongly deplores heavy rocket barrage on Israel from Gaza - 22 June: UN envoy Robert Serry denies claim he tried to funnel $20m to Hamas behind Israel's back - 17 July: 20 missiles found in UN-run school in Gaza, confirming Israel’s oft-repeated claim that Hamas and other Gazan terror groups use civilian infrastructure to hide weapons - 20 July 2014: 'United' Nations agency UNRWA handed 20 missiles found in Gaza school back to Hamas, not to International Criminal Court - 22 July 2014: For the second time in less than a week, rockets have been found in a school in Gaza operated by the UNRWA - 23 July 2014: UN's Ban Ki-moon is 'alarmed' to hear that rockets placed in UN-run school in Gaza now 'have gone missing', demanding a full review - 24 July 2014: In Geneva the UN human rights council voted to launch an international inquiry to investigate violations of international human rights and humanitarian law in Gaza, with the USA opposing the move and 17 countries abstaining - 14 August: Having no faith in the planned UN investigation into the Gaza war, IDF conducting own inquiry into Gaza civilian deaths - 22 October 2014: UN's Ban Ki-Moon debriefing Security Council will push forward on an investigation into the destruction in Gaza also of UN-buildings, including incidents when Hamas weapons were found in UN schools
2015 Israel asks UN to condemn Iran Holocaust cartoon contest: 21 February 2015: Israel asks UN to condemn Iran Holocaust cartoon contest, as upcoming Tehran competition to offer first place prize of $12,000 for best drawing on Shoah denial - 8 April 2015: Some 100 representatives from Arab and Muslim states expected in Jerusalem next week for summit on banning nuclear testing sponsored by the UN and organized by CTBTO - 26 April 2015: After 20 years, Israeli delegation will attend UN nuclear disarmament summit to encourage negotiations with 'moderate countries' - 6 June 2015: UN agencies in Israel and the Palestinian territories reported an alarming number of child victims in last year's war in the Gaza Strip but were split on whether Israel should be put on a list of violators of children's rights
2016 Russian request not to vote for war crimes investigative mechanism at the UN, Obama and Netanyahu: 21 December 2016: 'International, Impartial and Independent Mechanism to Assist in the Investigation and Prosecution of Those Responsible for the Most Serious Crimes under International Law Committed in the Syrian Arab Republic since March 2011' resolution, adopted by a recorded vote of 105 in favour and 15 against, with 52 abstentions, with Israel’s absence at the UN General Assembly on this resolution A/71/L.48 - 24 December 2016: Israel rejects 'shameful' UN resolution, demanding a halt to all Israeli settlement activity in the West Bank and East Jerusalem after Obama administration refused to veto - 28 December 2016: PM Netanyahu, who reportedly acceded to Russian request not to vote for war crimes investigative mechanism at the UN General Assembly, days before anti-settlements resolution passed at UN Security Council with Moscow’s help, loses confidence
2017 amid PA's payments to terrorists Israel cuts UN payment again by $2 million over 'anti-Israel’ bias: 30 March 2017: Israel cuts UN payment again by $2 million over 'anti-Israel’ bias following votes critical of Israel at the Geneva-based Human Rights Council, and condemns the 'obsessional discrimination against Israel on the part of the United Nations and its agencies' - 14 April 2017: Israel's PM and president send condolences to family of British Hannah Bladon after a Palestinian East Jerusalem resident, said to be a mentally ill, killed the exchange student at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem on tram in capital - 27 May 2017: The mother of USA yeshiva student Ezra Schwartz, who was shot to death in November 2015 by a Palestinian terrorist in the West Bank, told a UN forum that the perpetrator 'and his family should not be compensated for murdering innocent people (in) just another way to glorify and encourage terrorism', as Israel's UN envoy said that the Palestinian Authority paid out nearly $130 million to terrorists in prisons in Israel and another $175 million to the families of terrorists killed during their attacks, who are recognized as martyrs - 30 May 2017: Denial of Israel’s right to exist is anti-Semitism, UN's Guterres says, rejecting efforts to deny Jewish history in the Holy Land - 13 October 2017: Netanyahu orders diplomats to start preparing for Israel's departure from UNESCO, saying that 'UNESCO has become a theater of the absurd', after USA announced departure from UNESCO over anti-Israel bias
6 February 2021 Israel's Benny Gantz says ICC ruling 'tool in hands of Israel's enemies: 6 February 2021: Israel's Benny Gantz says ICC ruling 'tool in hands of Israel's enemies
Since 2000 Israeli membership in the WEOG and UN council memberships: After years of discussions marked by opposition from key European nations reportedly led by Ireland, Spain and France, since 2000 Israeli membership in the Western European and Others Group WEOG, one of five unofficial Regional Groups in the UN that act as voting blocs and negotiation forums formed since 1961 to encourage voting to various UN bodies from regional groups - As of May 2014 192 of the 193 UN member states are divided into five regional groups including the African Group, with 54 member states, the Asia-Pacific Group, with 53 member states, the Eastern European Group, with 23 member states, the Latin American and Caribbean Group, with 33 member states and the Western European and Others Group WEOG, with 28 member states, plus 1 member state USA as an observer state - List of members of the UN Security Council and members of Regional Groups - List of members of the UN Economic and Social Council
Israel/Afghanistan relations: Israel/Afghanistan relations
History of the Jews in East Africa: History of the Jews in East Africa
Israel/Algeria relations: Israel/Algeria relations
Israel/Angola relations: Israel/Angola relations
Israel/Argentina relations: Israel/Argentina relations
1960 UN and CDU-ruled Germany following Argentine's complaint over captured Eichmann: In June 1960, after a complaint that the transfer of Adolf Eichmann to Israel from Argentina constituted a violation of the latter's sovereignty, UN Security Council declared in its resolution 138, approved by eight votes, that such acts could endanger international peace and security and requested that Israel make the appropriate reparation in accordance with the UN Charter, but Israel held the view that the matter was beyond the Council's competence and should instead be settled via direct bilateral negotiations, as the capture of Eichmann caused alarm at the USA's CIA and West German Bundesnachrichtendienst, which had known for at least two years that Eichmann was hiding in Argentina, but did not act, fearing what Eichmann might say in his testimony about West German national security advisor CDU Hans Globke, who had coauthored several antisemitic Nazi laws, according to documents declassified in 2006, also revealing that both agencies had used some of Eichmann's former Nazi colleagues to spy on European countries
2015 January 2015 prosecutor Nisman in Argentina Jewish center bombing 1994 found shot dead: 19 January 2015: Prosecutor Alberto Nisman in Argentina Jewish center bombing 1994 found shot dead before hearing on Iran deal
16 March 2021 more Argentine Jews made the move to Israel in 2020 despite the pandemic: 16 March 2021: More Argentine Jews made the move to Israel in 2020 despite the pandemic
Israel/Armenia relations: Israel/Armenia relations
1914-1918 German and Ottoman empires' World War I and Armenians in Palestine mostly in Jerusalem: 1914-1918 German and Ottoman empire'a World War I, British and Jordanian periods, and 2,000–3,000 Armenians in Palestine, mostly in Jerusalem
Israel/Australia relations: Israel/Australia relations
Israel/Austria relations: Israel/Austria relations
History of the Jews in Austria: History of the Jews in Austria
History of the Jews in Azerbaijan: History of the Jews in Azerbaijan
Since 1990s Israeli–Azerbaijani trade relations and cooperation against Iran: Since early 1990s Israeli–Azerbaijani trade relations and cooperation against Iran
Israel/Bahrain relations: Israel/Bahrain relations
12 September 2020 Bahrain normalizes ties with Israel: 12 September 2020: Bahrain normalizes ties with Israel weeks after UAE deal
15 November 2020 Israel ratifies normalization deal with Bahrain: 15 November 2020: Israeli cabinet ratifies normalization deal with Bahrain
Israel/Brazil relations: Israel/Brazil relations
Since 16th century history of the Jews in Brazil: Since 16th century history of the Jews in Brazil
1939-1945 Brazilian support for the Jewish people: 1939-1945 Brazilian support for the Jewish people during World War II
October 2013 Israel to join Brazilian Jews’ aid program in Africa: 26 October 2013: Israel to join Brazilian Jews’ aid program in Africa
Israel-Brazil economic relations: Brazil-Israel economic relations
Israel/Bhutan relations: Israel/Bhutan relations
Israel/Cameroon relations: Israel/Cameroon relations
Israel/Canada relations: Israel/Canada relations
Israel/Central African Republic relations: Israel/Central African Republic relations
Israel/Chile relations: Israel/Chile relations
17 September 2022 Chile postponed meeting with Israeli envoy following IDF killing of Palestinian boy: 17 September 2022: Chilean President Boric postponed meeting with Israeli envoy following Israeli army killing of Palestinian boy on the same day
Israel/P.R. of China relations: Israel/China relations
Israel/Czech Republic relations: Israel/Czech Republic relations
Israel/Egypt relations: Israel/Egypt relations
21 February 2021 Egyptian minister makes rare visit to Israel to talk energy cooperation: 21 February 2021: Egyptian minister makes rare visit to Israel to talk energy cooperation
Israel/Estonia relations: Israel/Estonia relations
History of the Jews in Ethiopia: History of the Jews in Ethiopia
Israel/European Union relations: Israel/European Union relations
2014: 13 February 2014: Knesset walkout during speech of EU Parliament chief Schulz and comments about Palestinians of this German SPD-politician, accused of selective hearing and 'false' claims - 9 March 2014: EU's Catherine Ashton, on visit in Tehran and meeting Rohani and Zarif, told by Israel's Netanyahu to ask Iran about its Gaza-bound arms boat - 7 August 2014: Israel ready to consider European proposal calling for international mechanism to demilitarize Gaza Strip, ease restrictions on movement, trade and fishing - 17 December: Israel expects the EU to put Hamas back on the terror blacklist immediately, PM Netanyahu says - 17 December 2014: After an EU court's decision, body led by EU foreign Policy chief Federica Mogherini releases statement saying that the EU upholds the 'Quartet principles' that bans engagement with Hamas until it forswears terrorism
26 October 2023 EU leaders hold summit to discuss Middle East situation and support for Ukraine, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates: 26 October 2023: EU leaders hold summit to discuss Middle East situation and support for Ukraine, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
Israel/France relations: Israel/France relations
June 2016: Paris summit a ‘missed opportunity': 3 June 2016: Paris summit was a ‘missed opportunity,’ Israel says
Israel/Germany relations: Israel/Germany relations
7 May 2020 Netanyahu's son becomes star of German neo-Nazi linked AfD party:
Israel/Guatemala relations: Relaciones Israel/Guatemala
Israel/Guinea relations: Israel/Guinea relations
Israel/Haiti relations: Israel/Haiti relations
Israel/Hungary relations: Israel/Hungary relations
2012-2014: 17 July 2012: Hungarian president assures Netanyahu of his opposition to anti-Semitism - 5 mai 2013: Le Congrès juif mondial a entamé l'assemblée générale à Budapest en solidarité avec la communauté juive de Hongrie où les actes antisémites se sont multipliés depuis 2012 - 8 November 2013: Hungary Jews struggle with rising anti-Semitism, according to a recent EU Fundamental Rights Agency survey - 26 January 2014: Holocaust survivor and historian Randolph L. Braham returns award to Hungary in protest of country's attempt to 'rewrite history' - 27 January 2014: Hungarian President Ader addresses Holocaust after accusations Hungary 'whitewashed' past - 9 February: Hungary Jews call boycott of Holocaust memorial year accusing PM Orban's government of ignoring the sensitivities of survivors
2013: 14 June 2013: Israeli PM Benjamin Netanyahu, visiting the former Nazi death camp at Auschwitz, says the Jewish state would act - alone if necessary - to prevent a repetition of the Holocaust - 2 August 2013: In Quds Day remarks broadcast on state TV and in one of his last public speeches Iran's outgoing President Ahmadinejad warns Israel will be 'uprooted' - 2 August: After Israeli criticism, Iran's media changed their version of Rohani remarks, that Israel had inflicted a 'wound' on the Muslim world and that the Israeli wound 'must be cleansed', now taking out the reference to 'cleansing' - 19 September: Rohani says Iran wants peace, but slams Israel as 'occupier that does injustice to the people of the region' - 25 septembre: Plusieurs membres du gouvernement israélien ont jugé mercredi que la condamnation par le président iranien Hassan Rohani des "crimes des nazis envers les juifs" n'était pas suffisante, réclamant qu'il désavoue les dirigeants de son pays ayant nié l'Holocauste - 2 October: PM Netanyahu at UN makes strongest-ever Israeli public threat to attack Iran’s nuclear facilities - 2 October: Iran now has a window of opportunity to prove its nuclear program is for peaceful purposes, UN's Ban Ki-moon reportedly told PM Benjamin Netanyahu during their meeting in New York - 24 November: Israel slams 'bad' deal between Iran, world powers
26 January 2021 Israel's IDF chief Kohavi says he’s ordered fresh military plans to thwart Iran’s nuke program: 26 January 2021: Israel's IDF chief Kohavi says he’s ordered fresh military plans to thwart Iran’s nuke program
Israel/Iraq relations: Israel/Iraq relations - Israeli–Kurdish relations - History of the Jews in Iraq
Israel/Iraqi Kurdistan relations: Israel/Iraqi Kurdistan relations
Israel/Italy relations: Israel/Italy relations
Weapons sales between North Korea and Iran and global military cooperation: Weapons sales between North Korea and Iran and military cooperation
Israel/South Korea relations: Israel/South Korea relations since 1962
Israeli-South Korean economic relations: Israeli-South Korean economic relations
Israel/Kosovo relations: Israel/Kosovo relations
Israel/Kurdistan relations: Israel/Kurdistan relations
29 October 2019 Kurdish lesson for Israel: 29 October 2019: The Kurdish lesson for Israel
Israel/Latvia relations: Israel/Latvia relations
31 October 2012 Latvia calls for development of economic relations and support for Latvia's OECD membership: 31 October 2012: Latvia's FM Rinkevics calls for development of economic relations and support for Latvia's OECD membership
Israel/Lebanon relations: Israel/Lebanon relations - Hasbani River
26 August 2020 after shots from Lebanon toward Israeli soldiers IDF strike Hezbollah observation posts: 26 August 2020: After shots were fired from Lebanon toward IDF soldiers, Israeli aircraft strike Hezbollah observation posts
1 February 2021 Israeli drone crashes in southern Lebanon as Hezbollah terror group says it shot it down: 1 February 2021: An Israeli drone crashes in southern Lebanon, as the Hezbollah terror group says it shot it down
29 June 2022 Israel accuses Hezbollah of trying to hack UN Lebanon peacekeepers: 29 June 2022: Israel accuses Hezbollah of trying to hack UN Lebanon peacekeepers
List of Lebanese rocket attacks on Israel: List of Lebanese rocket attacks on Israel
Israel/Libya relations: Israel/Libya relations
Israel/Malawi relations: Israel/Malawi relations
History of the Jews in East Africa: History of the Jews in East Africa
Israel/Mexico relations: Israel/Mexico relations
2017: 29 January 2017: Mexico chides Israel's PM Netanyahu for apparently endorsing USA president Trump’s plan to build a wall along its border with the USA - 29 January 2017: Facing Mexico’s fury, spokesperson says Netanyahu’s statement declaring USA southern barrier a 'great idea’ is not a comment on USA-Mexico relations, after Netanyahu also declared that USA's Trump was 'right' in pushing for a wall along the USA-Mexico border to block illegal immigration - 29 January 2017: Mexican Jews alarmed by Netanyahu tweet on Trump’s wall - 30 January 2017: Mexico calls on Netanyahu to apologize for tweet about USA border wall, after Israeli PM praised Trump’s executive order at weekend - 31 January 2017: Jewish community south of the USA border pans Israel's PM Netanyahu as Trump’s 'lackey', condemning his support for Trump’s border wall as disappointing and shameful
Israel/Morocco relations: Israel/Morocco relations
During 20th century and World War II history of the Jews in Morocco: During 20th century and World War II history of the Jews in Morocco
Israel/Myanmar relations: Israel/Myanmar relations
Israel/New Zealand relations: Israel/New Zealand relations
Israel/Oman relations: Israel/Oman relations
Israel/Pakistan relations: Israel/Pakistan relations
Israel/Papua New Guinea relations: Israel/Papua New Guinea relations
Israel/Paraguay relations: Israel/Paraguay relations
Israel/Philippines relations: Israel/Philippines relations
History and economic relations: History of Israel–Philippines relations
Since the 16th century history of the Jews in the Philippines: Since the 16th century history of the Jews in the Philippines
2018: 1 February 2018: Israel condemns passing of Polish Holocaust law, as Yad Vashem criticizes the Polish Senate’s approval of a contentious Polish Holocaust bill that would outlaw blaming the Polish state or nation for crimes of the Holocaust committed in Poland and vowed to continue supporting research into the 'Polish population’s attitudes toward Jews during the Holocaust' - Efraim Zuroff, the director of the Simon Wiesenthal Center’s Israel office, welcomes Israel's opposition to the Polish complicity bill, but laments that other countries including Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Ukraine, Croatia and Hungary have been getting away with much worse for decades - 8 February 2018: Holocaust survivors entered the Polish embassy compound in Tel Aviv protesting the Polish complicity bill
January 2020 Israel snubs Poland's president ahead of World Holocaust Forum: 5 January 2020: Poland's Andrzej Duda threatens to boycott the World Holocaust Forum set for later this month in obsequious Israel after he was not given an opportunity to speak at the event, ahead of an expected address by an individual, who has recently waged a campaign against Poland accusing it of responsibility for World War II, Russian regime's war criminal Putin - 7 January 2020: Polish president will skip Holocaust Forum in Israel, as organizers would not allow him to speak there, even though others including Russian war ciminal Putin would, saying he does not approve of the fact that representatives of Russian regime, Germany, France, Britain, and the USA will be able to speak at the event while Poland won't be able to
Israel/Qatar relations: Israel/Qatar relations
2016: 11 January 2016: Hezbollah terrorists reportedly receive long-range missiles, laser-guided rockets and other sophisticated weaponry directly from Russia in Syria, and are free to use that weaponry against Israel, following recent Netanyahu visit of servility to Moscow, including the shaking of bloody hands, amid fears in Israel that the Russian military aggression against Syrian people will threaten its defence and fears that Russian-supplied weapons will end up in the hands of Hezbollah - 7 June 2016: Israel's Netanyahu says Iranian regime cannot be allowed to use Hezbollah as a proxy to attack Jewish state, ahead of Putin meeting - 9 October 2016: Russian missile deployment in Syria facilitates Hezbollah's smuggling of advanced weapons, following Netanyahu's visit in June encouraging the Putin regime to commit more war crimes in Syria and Ukraine
June 2019: 24/25 June 2019: PM Netanyahu told murderous Russian regime's Nikolai Patrushev that Israel will do 'anything it takes' to ensure Iran does not obtain nuclear weapons, saying 'I’m certain that Russia understands what it means for us when a regime calls for our annihilation, and acts on a daily basis to achieve that aim', as USA's John Bolton urged Iran to step back from its 'malign behavior' and enter into 'real negotiations' over its nuclear weapons program, ballistic missile development, and backing for international terror groups, accusing Tehran regime of supporting violence throughout the region, from Hezbollah in Lebanon to the Assad regime in Syria, as well as Shiite militias in Iraq, Yemen’s Houthi rebels, and terror attacks on USA forces in Afghanistan, and of threatening Middle Eastern oil supplies - 25 June 2019: Israeli air strikes on Syria undesirable, Russian regime's Nikolai Patrushev says, amid Assad's and Russian regime's northwestern Syria offensive since April 2019, murdering hundreds of civilians, and as Iran-backed terror group Hezbollah is now giving orders to Assad’s army, using it to spy on Israel along Golan border
30 January 2020 obsequious PM Netanyahu in Moscow thanking Russian regime's war criminal Putin: 30 January 2020: Shaking bloody hand, obsequious PM Netanyahu thanked Russian regime's war criminal Putin, responsible for Polonium, Novichok attacks, many other assassinations, the downing of the MH17 flight in 2014 killing 298 people etc., for his 'speedy' decision to pardon and release Israeli-American backpacker Naama Issachar, who had been held in a Russian prison for some 10 months, sentenced by the regime to 7.5 years in prison after less than 10 grams of marijuana were found in her luggage in a Moscow airport - 30 January 2020: Air strikes by Russia's Putin regime hit near a bakery and a medical clinic in the town of Ariha in Syria’s opposition-held Idlib region early on Thursday, killing 10 civilians including at least five women, bringing the total number of civilians killed by Putin's air strikes in Idlib over the past 24 hours to 21, war monitor SOHR said, reporting that the wailing of women and children rang out as rescue workers searched for corpses beneath the rubble
4 March 2022 Israel should take clear position on the Russian war against the Ukrainian people since February: 4 March 2022: USA demands that Israel should take clear position on the Russian war in Ukraine and against the Ukrainian people since February 2022
Israel/Saudi Arabia relations: Israel/Saudi Arabia relations
November 2018 'horrendous' murder of journalist Jamal Khashoggi: 2 November 2018: In his first public comments on the murder of journalist Jamal Khashoggi in Saudi Arabia’s Istanbul consulate, a short-sighted and obsequious Israeli PM Netanyahu said that while the killing was 'horrendous', it was still necessary to preserve stability in the Islamic kingdom, that reportedly dissolved the body of Jamal Khashoggi, in a further attempt to make humans disappeared without a trace - 14 November 2018: 'The spectacle of an Israeli leader lobbying to excuse an Arab dictator for murder will only compound the damage he has done to his country’s relationship with the United States', according to Washington Post's Jackson Diehl, asking 'why is Israel tossing a lifeline to Jamal Khashoggi’s killers?', pointing to the Iranian expansionism but concealing its promotion by Obama's and EU's (including the UK) betrayal concerning Syria and the region
Israel/South Africa relations: Israel/South Africa relations
Israel/South Sudan relations: Israel/South Sudan relations
June 2012 Israel deports South Sudanese migrants: 18 June 2012: Israel deports South Sudanese migrants
Israel/Spain relations: Israel/Spain relations
2015 Israeli and Spanish consortium to build 121-megawatt facility in Negev desert: 20 July 2015: Consortium of Israeli and Spanish companies to build 121-megawatt facility in Negev desert
Israel/Sudan relations: Israel/Sudan relations
History of the Jews in Sudan: History of the Jews in Sudan
Israel/Sweden relations: Israel/Sweden relations
Timeline of Israel-Sweden relations written by the 'Times of Israel': Timeline of Israel-Sweden relations written by the 'Times of Israel'
Since 1953 Sweden–Israel Friendship Association: Since 1953 Sweden–Israel Friendship Association, nationwide since 1978
Israel/Switzerland relations: Israel/Switzerland relations
2015 FIFA Fédération Internationale de Football Association à Zurich: 29 May 2015: Israel's PM hails diplomatic victory as FIFA thwarts Palestinian suspension bid
Israel/Syria relations: Israel/Syria relations
Since 1967 Purple Line - ceasefire line between Israel and Syria: Purple Line - ceasefire line between Israel and Syria after the 1967 Six Day War
2013: 30/31 January 2013: Israel conducted an airstrike inside Syria near the border with Lebanon, hitting a convoy of trucks with weapons bound for Hezbollah in Lebanon while Assad's army (and television) says an Israeli airstrike targeted a military research centre in Jamraya, causing large-scale material damage and killing two people - 4 February: Israel's Defence Minister Ehud Barak strongly implied that his country was behind an air strike on Syria last week - 24 March: Israel's army fires anti-tank missile at Syrian army post after coming under fire for second time in 12 hours and vows an 'immediate' answer to 'every violation of Israeli sovereignty and shooting from the Syrian side' - 29 April: Israeli official says intelligence services worldwide have evidence of Assad's chemical weapons use - 'these are not intelligence estimates' - 4 May: US reports quoting unnamed officials say, that Israeli warplanes have launched an air strike in Syria, likely targeting a weapons site - 5 May: Israeli missiles struck a research center near the Syrian capital Damascus - 21 mai: L'armée sraélienne réplique après avoir été la cible de tirs depuis la Syrie - 6 June: Israel reacts angrily to Austria's withdrawal from Golan Heights due to clashes in Syria - 14 July: Israel reportedly targeted advanced anti-ship cruise missiles near Latakia in an air attack on July 5 - 18 août: Israël réplique après des tirs d'obus syriens - 21 August: Israel says Syria regime used chemical weapons - 22 August: Israeli intelligence backs reports of latest chemical weapons attack in Syria as intelligence minister criticizes international community over inaction - 25 August: PM Benjamin Netanyahu said Sunday that the world must not tolerate the use of chemical weapons in Syria, adding that Israel was 'poised and ready' and would always know how to defend itself - 28 August: Israeli intelligence 'intercepted Syrian regime talk about chemical attack', information passed to US by Israeli Defence Forces's 8200 unit, former official says - 1 November: Israel reportedly destroyed Hezbollah-bound missile shipment in Syria, targeting Russian-made SA-125 missiles
2014: 27 January: Israel Air Force bombed a Syrian base in the Latakia airport, Lebanese media reports - 11 February 2014: District Court Judge jails Israeli Arab for 18 months for trying to join fight against Assad - 5 March: Israel army opens fire at Hezbollah fighters on Israel-Syria border, trying to plant bomb - 16 March: Syrian opposition willing to trade Golan claims for Israeli military support, wanting Israel to enforce a no-fly zone - 19 March: Israel strikes Assad's army targets that 'enabled and aided' Tuesday's attack on IDF troops which left four Israeli soldiers wounded - 28 March: Israeli army shoots two people near Syria border trying to damage border infrastructure - 27/28 May: Syria's oldest synagogue in the Jobar neighborhood of Damascus destroyed by Assad forces in the months-long bombardment of Jobar - 23 June: In response to a cross-border missile shooting which killed an Israeli boy and wounded his father and two other civilians, Israel Air Force struck nine targets belonging to the Syrian military, among them command centers - 7 July: Israel fires into Syria after mortar shell hits Golan - 13 July: Mortar fired from Syria hits Israeli side of the Golan Heights - 23 September: IDF shoots down Syrian fighter plane over Golan after infiltrating Israeli airspace - 8 December 2014: Hezbollah drones, anti-aircraft missiles destroyed in alleged IAF attack, says Syrian opposition
2015: 18 January: An Israeli strike on targets in the Syrian Golan Heights reportedly killed 10 people, including eight Hezbollah members - 27 January: IDF retaliates after two suspected Hezbollah rockets fired from Syria explode on Golan Heights, sending locals and some 1,000 visitors to the Mount Hermon ski site fleeing for cover - 28 January: Following Golan rocket attacks Israel Air Force struck Assad's army artillery targets - 25 April: Israeli Air Force jets reportedly target Syrian bases of strategic missile brigades 155 and 65 in Kalamoon and Hezbollah targets in Syrian-Lebanese border region - 26 April: Israeli airstrike kills a group of four militants placing mine inside Israel at Syria frontier - 12 June 2015: Israeli official said to meet with secular Syrian opposition, contacts reportedly focused on common foes, including Iran, Hezbollah - 22/23 June: Syrian war casualty killed as Israeli Druze attack IDF ambulance - 24 June: Druze community condemn Golan Heights ambulance attack - 29 June: Israel acknowledges it is helping Syrian rebel fighters, thus keeping the Druze in Syria out of immediate danger - 30 July: Israel strikes targets near Israel-Syria border, reportedly killing two Hezbollah operatives and three Syrian regime militiamen of the National Defense Forces in the Golan Heights - 5 September 2015: As hundreds of thousands seek sanctuary, Israel has a duty to take in Syrian refugees from the war and push for the establishment of an urgent international conference on the issue, opposition leader Isaac Herzog says - 6 September: Israel should take in thousands of refugees, deputy minister Ayoub Kara says - 22 September: Israeli company SodaStream offers to take in Syrian refugees and employ them in its new factory in the Negev Desert - 31 October: IAF reportedly targets Hezbollah assets in Syria - 24 November: Israel strikes Hezbollah positions in Syria, killing 13 - 4 December 2015: Israeli jets carry out strikes north of Damascus, targeting a four-truck Syrian army convoy loaded with ballistic missiles
2016: 5 May 2016: When Germany's Adolf Hitler first sent Jews to die, Europeans and Americans agreed that it was not their problem, but also Israel today may be about to make the same and repeated mistake about Assad's killings in Syria, Shlomo Bolts says - 14 October 2016: Syria is suffering 'a small holocaust’ as 'every day not far from here, as we sit here, men, women and children are murdered in Syria, and particularly in Aleppo', Israeli chief rabbi Yitzhak Yosef says, demanding that Jews must not be silent in the face of genocide across northern border - 22 November 2016: Israeli activists launch awareness campaign to express their solidarity with the civilians in the face of a military escalation being carried out by Russia, Assad and his allied militias, calling for communal prayers on Jewish holiday for the 'hundreds of Syrians who are dying daily in Syria, men, women and children, while the world is silent' - 30 November 2016: Israeli warplanes were said to have struck a military compound in the Syrian capital of Damascus, while a raid reportedly targeted a weapons convoy led by Hezbollah, as Hezbollah has thousands of fighters in Syria, providing military support to Assad regime and Iranian forces and after Israel already had carried out strikes against Hezbollah to prevent the terror group from obtaining advanced weapons - 7 December 2016: The Israeli military reportedly fired missiles from Golan Heights at the important Syrian regime Mazzeh airbase outside Damascus, hosting the headquarters of the feared air force intelligence service and its notorious prison, as terrorist group Hezbollah sites and guided missile sites belonging to Hezbollah near the Syrian capital were also targeted overnight by airstrikes that killed and injured a number of fighters in the Shiite militia - 7 December 2016: Israeli defense ministry acknowledges that Israel was responsible for recent attacks in Syria, saying that they were meant to prevent 'advanced weapons, military equipment and weapons of mass destruction' from reaching Hezbollah - 11 December 2016: The Israeli airstrike on an Assad regime airbase outside Damascus last week targeted a convoy of chemical weapons en route to the Shiite terror group Hezbollah, a Syrian opposition spokesman Fahed al-Masri says, adding that jihadist and Iranian militants will continue to advance on northern border as long Assad remains in power - 18 December 2016: Yad Vashem Holocaust memorial's Chairman Avner Shalev expresses 'deep concern over the appalling images of massacres' in Syria, saying that the world must put an end to the killing - 28 December 2016: Israel’s absence at the UN General Assembly on resolution A/71/L.48 to collect, consolidate, preserve and analyse evidence of violations of international humanitarian law and human rights violations and abuses in Syria since 2011, reportedly the result of 'a cynical deal' between Jerusalem and Moscow
March/April 2017: 17 March 2017: IAF 'Arrow’ battery intercepts Syrian missile after Assad regime fired three anti-aircraft missiles at Israeli jets - 18 March 2017: Israel's PM says that Syria raids targeted ‘advanced’ Hezbollah arms, and that Israel will continue to operate against weapons transfers from Assad regime to Shiite terror group - 19 March 2017: After Israeli officials have warned of the possibility Hezbollah and Iran could attempt to set up a base to attack Israel near the border with the Israeli Golan Heights, and hours after Israel's defense minister threatened to destroy Assad's air defense systems targeting Israeli aircraft, an Israeli aircraft reportedly struck a truck driving near the town of Khan Arnabeh in the Quneitra province on the road to Damascus, killing a pro-Assad fighter - 20 March 2017: Israeli jets reportedly took out a number of targets near the Lebanon-Syria border including a Hezbollah weapons convoy and Syrian military sites - 22 March 2017: Israeli jets were reported to have carried out airstrikes in the Mount Qasioun region near Damascus early Wednesday, hours after PM Netanyahu vowed to continue hitting weapons convoys and rebuffed claims Russia had ordered the strikes halted - 4 April 2017: Holocaust horrors compel Israel to aid gassed Syrians, says Israeli president Rivlin, urging international community to act immediately to bring an end to ‘murderous madness' as finance minister Moshe Kahlon says Israel has resources to help - 23 April 2017: After three mortars fired from Syria landing in the Golan Heights on Friday, an Israeli attack on a Syrian camp for pro-Assad regime forces reportedly killed three fighters near the Golan Heights on Sunday - 27 April 2017: Intelligence Minister Yisrael Katz appears to confirm reports that Israel was behind an overnight airstrike near the Damascus airport, saying that 'the incident is completely compatible with our policy of preventing weapons transfer to Hezbollah', the Lebanon-based terror group supported by the Syrian regime and Iran - 28 April 2017: Four cargo planes originating from Iran landed at airport outside Damascus just hours before Syria accused Israel of attacking a military compound nearby
August/September 2017: 24 August 2017: Taking Israeli aid, Syrian rebel and militia commander says Jewish state’s assistance is life-saving and crisis on Golan overrides old hatreds - 7 September 2017: Israeli jets have reportedly bombed a Syrian regime's facility in the north-west of the country believed to be associated with Bashar al-Assad’s chemical weapons programme - 10 September 2017: Israeli satellite images show impact, geo-strategic sensitivity of airstrike attributed to Israel on an Assad regime site where chemical weapons, missiles were believed to have been produced - 14 September 2017: Israel will 'act to enforce' Syria red lines, the transfer of major weapons to Hezbollah and the establishment of a permanent Iranian beachhead in the country, its USA ambassador Ron Dermer says - 19 September 2017: Israel has shot down an Iranian-supplied Hezbollah reconnaissance drone over the Syrian border - 22 September 2017: Israeli warplanes early on Friday morning reportedly struck a Hezbollah weapons convoy outside Damascus
February 2018 Israel–Syria incident: 10 February 2018 Israel–Syria incident - 10 February 2018: Israel launches 'large-scale' strikes in Syria after drone infiltration, as IDF hits 12 Iranian, Syrian sites in 2nd wave of attacks following airspace breach, as planes met with heavy anti-aircraft fire, as F-16 crashes in Israel with 2 pilots injured, one in serious condition, and as Israeli military spokesman Jonathan Conricus says that 'Syrians and Iranians, from our point of view, are playing with fire' - 10 February 2018: SOHR reports that 6 members at least of the gunmen loyal to the regime of Syrian and non-Syrian nationalities including members of the regime forces, were killed in the air strikes which were carried out by Israeli warplanes on several Syrian areas - 11 February 2018: The Israeli army identified some of the targets of the retaliatory airstrikes it conducted in Syria after an Iranian drone infiltrated Israeli airspace the day before, while Syrian rebel forces reportedly provided details on the rest - 20 February 2018: With the Assad regime's advances and USA's reduced involvement in the region, Israel has been forced to make significant changes in its policies in the Golan Heights
July 2018: 8 July 2018: SOHR told AFP that a missile bombardment targeted 'Iranian fighters' at Syrian base, as regime's news outlet acknowledged that the airstrike caused damage to the T-4 air base, located between the cities of Homs and Palmyra - 12 July 2018: Israeli Air Force strikes Assad's army posts near border in response to drone infiltration, confirming attacks on three targets after Assad regime's UAV is downed over the Sea of Galilee - 13 July 2018: IDF launched a Patriot missile at an Assad regime's drone that was flying inside the demilitarized zone - 16 July 2018: Up to 22 pro-regime fighters killed, including 9 Iranians, in an overnight strike in northern Syria, according to SOHR, saying Israeli missiles targeted an Iranian Revolutionary Guard center, near the Neyrab military airport in Aleppo province
June 2019: 2 June 2019: After rockets fired at Golan Heights, Israeli airstrikes target Syrian military positions, including anti-aircraft battery, weapons caches and a military training facility, connected to Iran and is proxy militias in Syria, in the area of al-Kiswah, south of Damascus - 3 June 2019: Syrian state media reported that Israel attacked the T-4 airbase near the northern city of Homs just after midnight Sunday, destroying weapons depot on airbase that Israel has targeted several times before, now in an attack coming hours after Netanyahu warned Iranian regime, killing one soldier and wounding two others - 3 June 2019: A senior USA official says the USA has made it clear to Russia several times in recent months that USA supports Israeli attacks in Syria as long as Iranian forces are operating in the country, according to Channel 13
November 2019 IDF attacked targets in Syria over rockets fired by Iranian regime: 20 November 2019: Israel strikes ‘dozens’ of targets in Syria over rockets fired by Iranian force, as army says it attacked Iranian and Assad regime sites in the country, blaming Iranian regime’s Quds force for launches at Israel, as video footage from Syria appeared to show a Syrian air defense missile crashing to the ground in a heavily populated area shortly after launching, which may account for some of the casualties, and as SOHR reports at least 11 people killed in Syria strikes, 7 of them likely Iranian - 21 November 2019: Rocket attack on Golan reportedly 'response' to IDF strike on Syria-Iraq border crossing in the Albukamal region, which Israel fears will be used by Iranian regime to transport weapons, equipment and fighters through Iraq, into Syria and onward to Lebanon and other countries in the region, as Assad's sources told Lebanese newspaper 'al-Akhbar', that 'the enemy is seeking to destroy movement back and forth between Iraq and Syria in order to prevent the resistance axis from benefiting from that'
5 March 2020 Assad regime says Israeli airstrikes target bases near Homs, southern Syria: 5 March 2020: Assad regime says Israeli airstrikes target bases near Homs and in southern Syria in the southwest of Quneitra province
21 April 2020 Israeli airstrike on targets in Homs province targeting Iranian militias: 21 April 2020: Syria reports Israeli airstrike on targets in Homs province, targeting Iranian militias according to SOHR
20 February 2021 in exchange for captive, Israel said to buy $1m of Russian covid doses for Syria: 20 February 2021: In exchange for captive, Israel said to buy $1m of Russian covid doses for Syria
20/21 February 2021 Netanyahu says Israeli covid-19 vaccines not part of prisoner swap with Syria: 20 February 2021: Netanyahu says Israeli covid-19 vaccines not part of prisoner swap with Syria, rejecting Arab media reports
22 July 2021 war monitor says Hezbollah ammunitions and weapons depots were destroyed by Israeli strikes: 22 July 2021: War monitor says Hezbollah ammunitions and weapons depots were destroyed by Israeli strikes
Israel/Thailand relations: Israel/Thailand relations
Israel/Tunisia relations: Israel/Tunisia relations
April 2002 Ghriba synagogue bombing: April 2002 Ghriba synagogue bombing
1 November 2012 Israel admits responsibility for 1988 assassination of terrorist Abu Jihad in Tunisia: 1 November 2012: Israel admits responsibility for 1988 assassination of terrorist Khalil al-Wazir (Abu Jihad) in Tunisia
May 2018 Tunisian Liberal Party's Mounir Batour calls for normalization with Israel: 12 May 2018: Tunisian politician Mounir Batour, head of Tunisia Liberal Party, calls for normalization with Israel
27 December 2020 Tunisian who sang duet with Israeli faces backlash, death threats: 27 December 2020: After Tunisian president Kais Saied, well-known for his hardline views on normalization, called establishing open ties with Israel 'treachery' in a 2019 statement, Tunisian musician Nouman al-Shaari, who collaborated with Israeli singer Ziv Yehezkel on a song promoting religious tolerance between Muslims and Jews has faced serious backlash, including reportedly being fired from his job at a state broadcaster and death threats on social media, as song was penned by a Yemenite artist who wishes to remain anonymous for his own safety, as he lives in territory controlled by the pro-Iranian Houthi militias, as collaboration was arranged by the Arab Council for Regional Integration, which attempts to advance Arab-Israeli dialogue in the region, and as some fellow Tunisian artists, however, have come to the producer’s and musician's defense
History of the Jews in Ukraine: History of the Jews in Ukraine
2 March 2022 Israel cabinet wants to support Ukraine, but there are other financial, economic, political links: 2 March 2022: A week ago the sight was unthinkable: a memorial at the site of one of the worst massacres of the Holocaust, engulfed in smoke and flame from an airstrike. Yet on Tuesday a Russian attack near the Babyn Yar memorial complex in the Ukrainian capital Kyiv achieved exactly that. 5 people died in the strike targeting the TV broadcast tower next door, while firefighters battled to extinguish a fire caused by the explosion in a building inside the Jewish cemetery. Events in Ukraine since Vladimir Putin announced his invasion six days ago are grim echoes of the atrocities committed on European soil in the 20th century: desperate people squeezing on to trains out of cities; refugees lining up on the border; families separated as able-bodied men stay behind to fight. But government officials in Israel – a country that rose from the ashes of the second world war – have not directly condemned the criminal Putin regime for the attack on Babyn Yar, and criticism of the invasion itself has been muted.
January 2017: 21 January 2017: As demonstrators gathered outside of the USA Embassy in Tel Aviv as part of worldwide women’s marches and as hundreds of thousands massed in the USA’s capital Washington and in cities around the globe to send Donald Trump an emphatic message that they won’t let his agenda go unchallenged over the next four years Israel's PM Netanyahu tweeted 'Congrats to my friend President Trump' - 22 January 2017: Reflecting the Torah portion, joyous rebellion as women march, as part of the 21 January 2017 Women's March in cities around the world, initially centered around Washington D.C. to promote women's rights and to address racial inequities, workers' issues, and environmental issues, an estimated 2.9 million people attended the 408 marches across the USA and other marches occurred in 168 countries around the world
May 2017: 17 May 2017: We must reassess what info we share with USA, Israeli intelligence says, after Trump revealed highly classified information to Russians in recent White House meeting, putting Israeli spy’s life at risk - 17 May 2017: Ex-Mossad head Shavit says in an interview that USA's Trump is like a ‘bull in a china shop… If tomorrow I were asked to pass information to the CIA, I would do everything I could to not pass it to them’, as another former head of the Mossad Danny Yatom demands to penalize the USA over Trump’s leak because his acts could endanger Israeli sources - 20 May 2017: 'Horrified’ Israeli intelligence officials ‘were shouting at US counterparts’ over Trump leak to Russian war criminals, as the now endangered Israeli spy was also reportedly a major asset in gaining information on the actions of Iran in Syria, through its Revolutionary Guards Corps and Hezbollah terrorists, both of which have been fighting for Bashar Assad
8 November 2020 Netanyahu and Rivlin congratulate Biden on election win: 8 November 2020: After hours of silence, Netanyahu and Rivlin congratulate Biden on election win
21 January 2021 Israel’s energy minister cheers Biden’s return to 2015 Paris climate deal: 21 January 2021: Israel’s energy minister Steinitz cheers USA president Biden’s return to 2015 Paris climate deal
21 May 2021 USA's president Biden commends Netanyahu for bringing Gaza violence to close: 21 May 2021: USA's president Biden commends Netanyahu for bringing Gaza violence to close, reaffirming that Israel has the right to defend itself, adding that it will fully replenish the Iron Dome missile defense system, reiterating USA's policy that Israelis and Palestinians equally deserve to live safely and securly while enjoying equal measures of freedom, prosperity and democracy (that needed to be discussed in a profound and international relations and alliances inclusive manner, because also in this case the Iranian Mullah regime - incapable of encompassing maintenance and construction work and amid crisis of oilindustry and climate crisis - and its proxies abuse impoverished and desperate humans up to martyrdom)
24 June 2021 Israel earlier reportedly gave a list of possible Iranian nuclear targets to the USA: 24 June 2021: The New York Times says Israel gave a list of possible Iranian nuclear targets to the USA
25 August 2021 Israeli PM Bennett in Washington ahead of first meeting with president Biden: 25 August 2021: Israeli PM Bennett in Washington ahead of first meeting with president Biden, 'Haaretz' reports live
27 March 2022 Lapid and Blinken vow to halt nuclear Iran in joint press conference: 27 March 2022: Ahead of Mideast summit Israeli Foreign Minister Yair Lapid and USA Secretary of State Antony Blinken vowed to work together to prevent Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons in a joint press conference on Sunday at 11:13 AM standard time (and not crazy German and even EU so-called 'Sommerzeit', erstmals am 30. April 1916 im 'Deutschen Kaiserreich' sowie der 'Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie' eingeführt um die verbrecherischen, energieintensiven 'Materialschlachten' - erstmals tödliches Giftgas und in großen Mengen gegen britische, belgische, französche Soldaten seit April 1915 - des Ersten Weltkriegs der sog. Mittelmächte einschließlich 'Osmanisches Reich' Devlet-i Ebed-müddet 1914-1918 zu unterstützen)
Israel/Vietnam relations: Israel/Vietnam relations
Israel/Yemen relations: Israel/Yemen relations


Political parties in Israel: Political parties in Israel
November/December 2019 MK Gideon Sa’ar formally requests snap vote for Likud leader: 22 November 2019: 56% of Israelis think that PM Netanyahu should resign, according to a Channel 13 poll published Friday after AG Avichai Mandelblit announced that he would be indicting the premier in three corruption cases - 24 November 2019: Netanyahu challenger MK Gideon Sa’ar formally requests snap vote for Likud leader, saying leadership race should be held in next 2 weeks 'to prevent the state from lapsing into unnecessary elections’ - 27 December 2019: After Likud win, Netanyahu vows to 'finalize borders', get USA to back annexation - 29 December 2019: Most of the public does not support the idea of the Knesset granting PM Netanyahu immunity from prosecution in the three corruption cases against him, Channel 12 news poll says
9 December 2020 Gideon Sa’ar quits 'tool for Netanyahu’s interests’ Likud: 9 December 2020: Gideon Sa’ar quits Likud, 'a tool for Netanyahu’s interests,’ to lead 'New Hope’
21 February 2019 Moshe Ya'alon, Benny Gantz, Yair Lapid and Gabi Ashkenazi forge alliance and a united list: 21 February 2019: Former defense minister Moshe Ya'alon, Israel Resilience's Benny Gantz, Yesh Atid's Yair Lapid and former IDF chief of staff Gabi Ashkenazi forge alliance and a united list, that will be named 'Blue and White', in the upcoming elections, saying they 'will present a new team of security and social leaders that will ensure the security of the nation and reunite the fractured elements of Israeli society', and agreeing to rotate being PM should they win the elections - Since 21 February 2019 'Blue and White', a political alliance running in the 2019 Israeli legislative election, composed of Israel Resilience Party, Yesh Atid, and Telem - 24 February 2019: Ehud Barak confidant and lawyer Oshi Elmalich reportedly behind campaign pushing for center-left parties to unite forces in upcoming elections - 9 March 2019: In his first major interview since entering politics last month, former Israeli army chief of staff Gabi Ashkenazi says that his job had been to ensure that the political echelon has 'realistic' options and to give his professional advice - 2 June 2019: Blue and White party leaders say they’ll stick to format that 'led to incredible achievement of 35 seats' also in the upcoming September 17 election and they will keep their deal to rotate the premiership if they form the next government

Trade unions in Israel: Trade unions in Israel

Government and taxation in Israel: Israeli system of government
Ministry of National Infrastructures, Energy and Water Resources: Ministry of National Infrastructures, Energy and Water Resources since 1977
Ministry for the Development of the Periphery, the Negev and the Galilee: Ministry for the Development of the Periphery, the Negev and the Galilee since 2005
Ministry of Environmental Protection: Ministry of Environmental Protection in Israel
Ministry of Finance: Ministry of Finance, the main economic ministry of the Government of Israel, responsible for planning and implementing the government's overall economic policy, as well as setting targets for fiscal policy, preparing the draft state budget and monitoring implementation of the approved budget, also managing state revenues, collecting direct and indirect taxes and promoting nonresident investments, as in addition the ministry conducts economic relations with foreign governments, economic organizations and the international community, also regulating the state owned companies sector and the capital market, savings and insurance, as ministry is also responsible for auxiliary units for government ministries in motor vehicles, computer services, printing and government procurement - Main functions and list of ministers of the Ministry of Finance since May 1948
Ministry of Aliyah and Integration: Ministry of Aliyah and Integration since 1948
Taxation and government budget in Israel: Taxation in Israel - Israel Government Budget

Elections and politics in Israel: Elections in Israel - Israeli Central Elections Committee
February 2009 Israeli legislative election: 10 February 2009 Israeli legislative election
July-December 2011: Israeli lawmakers pass West Bank settlement boycott law (47 to 36 votes, 120 members of Knesset) 11 July - 13. Juli: Klage in Israel gegen Boykottgesetz - 4. August: Israel forciert Siedlungsbau - 930 weitere Wohnungen auf besetztem Gebiet am Südrand Jerusalems - 11. August: Israels 'endgültige Genehmigung' für 1.600 neue Wohnungen in Ost-Jerusalem - 16 August: Israel parliament (only opposition) meets in an emergency session on Tuesday to discuss social protests - 27. September: Israels Regierung läßt laut UN-Experten immer mehr Häuser von Palästinensern im besetzten Westjordanland zerstören, Vertreibung und Zerstörung weiterer Lebensgrundlagen - 16 October: Israel names 477 Palestinian prisoners to be freed - 18. Oktober: Gilad Shalit an Ägypten übergeben, heute Rückkehr nach Israel - 1 November: Israel orders new building in East Jerusalem after Unesco membership of Palestine - 11. Novemer: Israels Armee erschießt jüdischen Siedler an Straßensperre im Westjordanland - 28 December 2011: Israel appoves more homes in east Jerusalem
July-December 2012: 8 July 2012: After large rally Israeli PM's party announces to back full conscription - 17 July: Kadima quits Israel government over conscription law - 2 September: Evacuation of Migron outpost begins, in advance of Supreme Court deadline - 6 October: Israeli air force downs unmanned aircraft after it entered the south of the country - 9 October: Israel's prime minister has called an early general election, which could come as soon as January 2013 - 11 October: Hezbollah admits launching drone over Israel - 16 octobre: La Knesset a voté sa dissolution et convoqué des élections législatives anticipées pour le 22 janvier 2013 - 30 November: Netanyahu/Lieberman security-cabinet authorises 3.000 units in illegal settlements in occupied territory, a day after UN General Assembly upgraded Palestine's status - 2 December: Israel halts Palestinian tax transfer - 13 December: Israeli FM Avigdor Lieberman charged with fraud and breach of trust - 14 December: Lieberman resignation signals shift in Israeli politics - 17 December: Israel pushes ahead with plans to build 1.500 settler homes in east Jerusalem - 21 December: PM Netanyahu says that he is not interested in what UN says about settlement construction - 25 December: Israel endorses first university in West Bank near Nablus - 26 December: Israel has advanced the process of building 942 more settler homes in East Jerusalem under a new fast-track plan to tighten its grip on the territory - 28 December 2012: Palestinian-Israeli politician and Knesset member Haneen Zoabi is appealing a court ruling barring her from running in January general elections - 30 December 2012: In unanimous ruling High Court rules that Israeli Arab MK Hanin Zuabi can run in upcoming election
July-September 2013: 30 juillet 2013: 'J’ai tué beaucoup d’Arabes dans ma vie – et il n’y a aucun problème avec ça', a affirmé le chef de 'Foyer juif' et ministre israélien de l'Économie Naftali Bennett - 4 August: Israel adds 20 West Bank settlements to its list for public aid in housing, infrastructure, education, cultural activities and security spending - 11 August: Israel to start building nearly 1,200 new units in West Bank and East Jerusalem - 12 August: Almost all prisoners, slated to be released as a gesture toward the Palestinian Authority in the renewed peace talks, were convicted of murdering Israelis - 8 September 2013: The Israeli government on Sunday approved the allocation of 5,000 work permits for Palestinians from the West Bank - 17 September 2013: Israel strikes down law targeting African migrants
December 2014 Israeli legislators agree on 17 March 2015 parliamentary election: 3 December 2014: Israeli legislators agree on 17 March 2015 parliamentary election
26 December 2014 High Court orders evacuation of Amona outpost within two years: 26 December 2014: High Court orders the evacuation of the Amona outpost in the West Bank within two years
July-December 2015 High Court orders Beit El’s Dreinoff settlement buildings torn down: 29 July 2015: High Court orders Beit El’s Dreinoff settlement buildings torn down - 9 August: As the funeral of Palestinian Dawabsha, the father of a toddler killed when their home was firebombed by Jewish extremists, was attended by thousands, Israeli security forces search 7 homes in hilltop settlements, detain at least 9 people - 7 September: Record number of Palestinian structures slated for demolition in West Bank - 14 September: Netanyahu calls emergency meeting on stone throwing and fire bombs in Jerusalem and its vicinity - 28 November 2015: 'Liberman’s understanding of the war on terror amounts to the automatic firing of empty slogans, which have a merely coincidental relation to reality', Likud says after ex-FM calls PM’s handling of terror wave 'catastrophic'
May 2016 Ya’alon warns of 'dangerous’ forces who 'took over’ Likud: 20 May 2016: Leaving politics, Ya’alon warns of 'dangerous’ forces who 'took over’ Likud, Israel
February-May 2017 Israel and Palestinians: 6 February 2017: Israel legalizes West Bank outposts with sweeping new legislation, as controversial law recognizing building on private Palestinian land passes final Knesset votes by 60 to 52 - 28 February 2017: Blistering Gaza 2014 war report scorches Netanyahu, Ya’alon and Gantz over tunnel failures, Netanyahu to be questioned in April by lawmakers on report - 24 May 2017: In Jerusalem Day speech Israel's president Rivlin says that Israel must act immediately to improve the quality of life in the predominantly Arab neighborhoods of East Jerusalem, which are among the nation’s poorest
April 2018 after Netanyahu reversal African migrants remain in limbo: 4 April 2018: After Netanyahu reversal, African migrants remain in limbo
April 2019 Israeli legislative election: 9 April 2019 Israeli legislative election
23 September 2019 coalition talks as only 10 Arab joint list MKs back Gantz: 23 September 2019: Only 10 Arab joint list MKs back Gantz, as a three-member faction won’t support anyone for PM
13 January 2020 lawmakers allowing PM immunity debate to begin: 13 January 2020: Israeli lawmakers approve rules change allowing PM immunity debate to begin
17 January 2020 Blue and White party consolidates lead in latest polls: 17 January 2020: Blue and White party consolidates lead in latest polls from Channels 11, 12 and 13
21 January 2020 Gantz promises to annex Jordan Valley after election: 21 January 2020: Gantz promises to annex Jordan Valley after upcoming election
23 January 2020 Thessaloniki’s Jewish police Vital Hasson's story, who worked for the Nazis in World War II: 23 January 2020: Leader of Thessaloniki’s Jewish police Vital Hasson's story, who worked for the Nazis, hunted down refugees in World War WII Greece and sent families — and his own relatives — to Auschwitz, shows that identity doesn’t always determine destiny - 21 January 2020: Holocaust survivor travels to Poland for 75th anniversary of the Liberation of Auschwitz - January 2020 International Holocaust Remembrance Day Commemoration starts tomorrow - 24 January 2020 - at 5:00 PM in New York - 27 January 2020 Auschwitz-Birkenau Memorial and Museum marking the 75th Anniversary of the Liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau by the Soviet Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, as the event at the site will be attended by survivors, their families and invited politicians of different countries - Survivors' Stories
23 January 2020 4 Israeli ministers will let survivors take their places at Holocaust event in Jerusalem: 23 January 2020: Four of Israel’s government ministers have said they will let survivors take their places at international Holocaust event in Jerusalem
10 March 2020 Joint List-backed minority coalition the only alternative to 4th election Yair Lapid says: 10 March 2020: Joint List-backed minority coalition the only alternative to 4th election, Blue and White MK Yair Lapid says
25 March 2020 amid crises and efforts to avoid further delays Edelstein resigns and does not resign: 25 March 2020: Efforts to force speaker vote today mandated by Israel's High Court, as Edelstein tries to benefit from his resignation immediately by avoiding vote to choose new speaker, contradicting himself by saying move will only take effect in 48 hours, as Knesset legal adviser Eyal Yinon calls on Edelstein to reconvene the plenum, telling Edelstein he will still be in breach of a High Court ruling if he fails to allow the vote to go forward, as High Court gives Edelstein until 2:30 p.m. to respond to ‘contempt’ charges, as demonstrators rally outside the parliament, demanding the speaker Edelstein adhere to the High Court’s ruling, and as 'Blue and White' MK Ofer Shelah will head the Knesset’s new coronavirus crisis committee
27 March 2020 Gantz abandons opposition to Netanyahu, Putin and corruption charges, now saying it’s 'Bibi and his liars': 27 March 2020: After president Rivlin asked him to form the government in the wake of the March 2 election, Gantz chose to degrade himself and to crawl into Netanyahu's government as part of a deal with Likud, and in opposition to his main partner in leading Kahol Lavan, Yair Lapid, telling his former allies Yair Lapid and Moshe Ya’alon that he was splitting off from them because leading Israel into fourth elections not an option while virus rages, instead of saying Netanyahu and Edelstein not an option for Israel while virus rages, as Putin's blacklisted oligarch friend Vekselberg is linked to Israeli businessmen and politicians including Benny Gantz, chairman of former 'Fifth Dimension'
29 March 2020 Kahol Lavan party formally split following Gantz's decision to abandon unity amid economic and health crisis: 29 March 2020: Kahol Lavan party formally split, as the Knesset approved the departure of the Yesh Atid and Telem factions following Benny Gantz's decision to join Netanyahu
30 March 2020 as Israel's unemployment rises Netanyahu aide tests positive for virus and PM himself enters quarantine: 30 March 2020: As Israel's unemployment rate up to 22.7% amid coronavirus crisis, Covid-19 death toll hits 16 and Netanyahu aide tests positive for coronavirus standing before isolation, as Netanyahu himself enters quarantine until health officials complete investigation, contradicting earlier statement from his office determined in its master's private fight - 30 March 2020: Assaf Harofe Hospital near Rishon Lezion announced today that a 58 year-old man had died of coronavirus making him the 16th fatality in the country, as number of people who have tested positive in Israel for coronavirus has now risen to 4,347 up 482 from 3,865 cases yesterday, according to health professionels, and as Knesset urges MKs to 'act acccording to guidlines'
13 April 2020 Moshe Ya’alon calls on Gantz to quit coalition talks as PM tries to use covid-19 crisis to flee justice: 13 April 2020: Moshe Ya’alon calls on Gantz to quit coalition talks, saying 'it’s clear that your naive intention to form a national unity government met the cynical swindling of the accused who is fleeing justice', and 'if you agree to meet his demands to entrench his regime, and make him a leader above the law, you will be misusing the mission that united us' - 13 April 2020: Tax Authority head warns of huge losses to state revenues, already down by NIS 6 billion in March, if lockdown continues - 13 April 2020: 2-month phased lockdown rollback pushed by National Security Council, as limitations on industry and tech sector will be loosened first as schools see gradual return of students
16 April 2020 now Knesset's 21 days to agree on PM or new election: 16 April 2020: Rivlin gives Knesset 21 days to agree on the PM it wants, or go to new election
17 April 2020 Netanyahu no longer wants a unity government, he wants to crush the Supreme Court: 17 April 2020: Netanyahu no longer wants a unity government, he wants to crush the Supreme Court, according to 'Haaretz' - 17 April 2020: With covid-19, there can be no Jordan Valley annexation, as the extensive cooperation that takes place between Israeli and health professionals would halt if an annexation policy were advanced in the midst of this health crisis, according to EcoPeace Middle East, saying Israeli, Palestinian and Jordanian public must re-evaluate their support for leaders who lead a populist agenda, and arrogance shown by some international leaders, who did not initially view the coronavirus as a legitimate threat, already cost the lives of thousands of people in their respective countries
27 April 2020 AG said convinced state attorney, justice minister trying to oust him: 27 April 2020: AG said convinced acting state attorney, justice minister trying to oust him with the help of Netanyahu
28/29 April 2020 at Memorial and Israel's Independence Day Benny Gantz and allies groving before Netanyahu: 28 April 2020: Benny Gantz’s and allies tell the High Court they believe the petitions against Benjamin Netanyahu forming the next government should be rejected, saying the special circumstances of deep political, health and economic crises necessitate forming an emergency government, neglecting that and how the political, economic etc. crises are man-made - 29 April 2020: Muted Israel's Independence Day celebrations on 5 Iyar salute medical staff fighting covid-19, and the country's most visible public display will be a controversial air force flyover of hospitals and medical centers, as in neighbouring Syria Assad's and Putin's air forces, also supported by the Iranian regime, destroyed cities, villages, schools, hospitals and healthcare facilities, killing civilians, children and healthcare workers since 2011 - 29 April 2020: Israel Defense Forces and USA Navy bands surprised Israeli Holocaust survivor Abba Naor this week to mark both Israel’s 72nd Independence Day and the 75th anniversary of the liberation of the Dachau concentration camp, playing for him a rendition of Israel’s national anthem, Hatikva
29 July 2020 Yair Lapid says Netanyahu’s incitement led to attacks on protesters: 29 July 2020: Opposition head Yair Lapid said on Wednesday that PM Netanyahu’s 'incitement' had led to the attacks on protesters by members of violent groups at a Tel Aviv protest, and that 'the violence and blood spilled yesterday in Tel Aviv is on the hands of Netanyahu and his messengers', as 'one who sows incitement will receive blood in return', as attackers were seen hitting demonstrators with glass bottles and chairs, spraying them with mace, as organizers of the protest said five people were hospitalized, including two with stab wounds to their backs, and as opposition MK Moshe Ya’alon and Gantz called on police to take swift action - 29 July 2020: Defense Minister Gantz said a red line was crossed in the violent attacks against protesters marching in Tel Aviv calling for the ouster of PM Netanyahu, adding that 'citizens exercising their right to protest were attacked by an organized group of criminals'
January - 1 February 2021 Israeli covid-19 crisis and forthcoming elections: 31 January 2021: Thousands of people on Sunday night joined the funeral procession of a prominent ultra-Orthodox rabbi in Jerusalem who died of covid-19, in defiance of the lockdown rules, hours after another burial in the capital drew a massive crowd - 31 January 2021: Ministers extend lockdown until Friday morning, keep airport closed for week, as at late-night cabinet meeting, Netanyahu and Gantz spar over rules before reaching compromise on prolonging the nationwide closure, already in its 4th week - 1 February 2021: 30% of Israeli covid-19 deaths were in January alone, according to Health Ministry data, as schools open in Bnei Brak, Jerusalem despite increased fines, and as Finance Minister Katz calls for commerce to restart as soon as lockdown ends - 1 February 2021: Israel will take military action against nuclear Iran if needed, as Defense minister Gantz also says any future war would involve Hezbollah and Hamas targeting Israeli cities, and Israel in turn hitting missile stores in civilian areas
3 March 2021 poll finds Lapid gaining, Meretz out: 3 March 2021: Poll finds Lapid gaining, Meretz out
15 April 2021 Israel is celebrating its 73rd Independence Day with a traditional Israel Air Force flyby: 15 April 2021: Israel is celebrating its 73rd Independence Day with a traditional Israel Air Force flyby across the country
14 May 2021 heavy rockets barrages target southern Israel as IDF pounds Gaza: 14 May 2021: Heavy rockets barrages target southern Israel as IDF pounds Gaza, 'Haaretz' reports live
7 June 2021 organizers cancel Jerusalem march after police refuse to let it pass through Muslim quarter: 7 June 2021: Organizers cancel Jerusalem march after police refuse to let it pass through Muslim quarter
18 April 2023 'Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Day', in 2023 marking 80 Years since the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising: 18 April 2023 'Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Day', in 2023 marking 80 Years since the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, and Jewish Resistance during the Holocaust, a national day of commemoration in Israel, on which the six million Jews murdered in the Holocaust are memorialized. It is a solemn day, beginning at sunset on the 27th of the month of Nisan and ending the following evening, according to the traditional Jewish custom of marking a day as in recent years other countries and Jewish communities have adopted Yom Hashoah to mark their own day of memorial for the victims of the Holocaust - 18 April 2023: 80 years on, a new photography exhibit debuts unusual and rare images of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, as seen through the eyes of civilians and passersby and now unveiled by the Warsaw-based POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews


Social movements and protests in Israel: Protests in Israel
2011: 2011 Israeli social justice protests - 23 July 2011: Tens of thousands protest against rising housing costs and social inequalities in Israel - July 2011: Israeli Chamber Orchestra playing Wagner at Bayreuth - Israel announces housing reforms amid large protests - 31 July 2011: Mass protests in Israel over high prices continue - Haaretz 1 August: Israeli municipalities declare general strike in solidarity with housing protests - 6 August 2011: Hundreds of thousands of Israelis rally in Tel Aviv and other cities for reforms protest demanding social justice - 13 August: Across the country Israeli protesters call for economic reforms (housing prices, education, jobs) on Saturday - 14 août: Le mouvement pour la justice sociale gagne du terrain et s'étend à douze nouvelles villes - 27. August 2011: Wieder Samstag-Demonstrationen für soziale Gerechtigkeit - 3 September: Israel's 'march of a million' - ongoing protest on Saturday - 4 September: Despite largest turnout to date for Israel's protest movement there are questions over the socio-economic issues - 7 novembre: Grève générale limitée à 4 heures dans le secteur public lundi matin - 6. Dezember 2011: Parlament beschließt Steuerreform mit Entlastungen für israelische Mittelschicht
2012: 9 February 2012: General strike to force government to hire contract workers and improve conditions - 13. Mai 2012: In Tel Aviv haben wieder Tausende gegen die hohen Lebenshaltungskosten und soziale Ungerechtigkeit demonstriert - 24 June: Scores arrested after Israel protests - 8 July: Tel Aviv rally of thousands of protesters calls for all citizens, including ultra-Orthodox and Arabs, to perform military or community service - 14 July: An Israeli protester has set himself alight at rally to mark one year of nationwide protests - NZZ 20. Juli: Demonstrant, der sich bei den Protesten gegen soziale Ungerechtigkeit in Tel Aviv selbst angezündet hatte, ist seinen schweren Verletzungen erlegen - 22 July: Disabled Israeli war veteran Akiva Mafi is said to be in a serious condition after setting himself on fire at a bus stop near Tel Aviv - NZZ 1. August: Armeeveteran Akiva Mafi stirbt nach Selbstanzündung - 5 August 2012: Mass rallies held across Israel against tax hikes and spending cuts implemented by PM Netanyahu's Likud party
2014: 6 January 2014: Thousands of African migrants marched in Tel Aviv hoping to call attention to the state's refusal to recognize the migrants' asylum requests - 29 June 2014: Thousands rally in Tel Aviv for kidnapped Israeli teens - 14/15 August 2014: In an event organized by municipal leaders, over 10,000 people gather in Tel Aviv in a show of support for the rocket-ravaged southern communities demanding peace and security - 17 August: As Israel and Hamas envoys expected back in Cairo to resume talks, thousands of Israelis call for dialogue at Tel Aviv peace rally saying 'Yes to a diplomatic solution' and 'Jews and Arabs refuse to be enemies' - 19 November: Thousands attended the funeral of sergeant-major Zidan Nahad Seif who was wounded while attempting to stop the terror attack at the Kehilat Bnei Torah synagogue a day before - 14 December 2014: Hundreds of protesters in Jerusalem gathered in Zion Square to protest racism, following an arson attack on a Jewish Arab school and after months of tension between the Jewish and Arab populations in the capital
2015: 4 January 2015: Workers at cash-strapped food processor Pri Hagalil, one of the largest employers in northern Israel, barricaded themselves next to the factory to protest closure and management’s failure - 8 January 2015: Demonstrators rally at French Consulate in Jerusalem in support of victims of the attack at Charlie Hebdo offices in Paris - 18 February 2015: Hundreds of people attended the funeral of 4-year-old Adele Bitton, who was critically injured in a 2013 rock-throwing attack in Yakir - 4 March: Thousands of Israeli women, including Jews and Arabs, gathered outside Knesset urging a peace agreement with the Palestinians - 7 March: An estimated 40,000 demonstrators took part in a rally on Rabin Square in Tel Aviv calling for a change in government and in the Israeli policy, ten days before Israelis go to the polls on March 17 - 13 March 2015: Groups participating in annual Marathon include coexistence proponents, terror victims and disabled people, as tens of thousands took part in Jerusalem Marathon - 16 April: Thousands attend funeral for Jerusalem car-ramming victim Shalom Sherki - 4 May 2015: After a Sunday protest against racism and police brutality initiated by Ethiopian Israelis left 68 people injured and 43 arrested PM Netanyahu to meet with Ethiopian community leaders and IDF soldier Damas Pakada, recorded being beaten by police - 19 May: For second time in two weeks, protesters rally in Tel Aviv, calling for an end to discrimination against Ethiopians - 21 June: Thousands rally for peace at torched Galilee church - 22 June: Hundreds of Ethiopian Israelis demonstrated in Tel Aviv against the closure of an investigation against policeman who was videotaped beating a uniformed Ethiopian-Israeli soldier - 2 July: Israelis protest in Jerusalem against deadly Palestinian attacks - 1 August 2015: Thousands across Israel protest violence, incitement after arson attack that killed 18-month-old Palestinian Ali Saad Dawabsheh - 5 October 2015: Thousands protest at PM’s home demanding action on terror against Jews - 31 October 2015: 100,000 in Tel Aviv square marking 20 years since the assassination of PM Yitzhak Rabin
August 2018: 4 August 2018: An estimated 50,000-plus people, waving Israeli and Druze flags and calling for equality, gathered at Tel Aviv’s Rabin Square on Saturday night to demonstrate against the controversial Jewish nation-state law - 11/12 August 2018: Thousands of Israelis gathered at Tel Aviv’s Rabin Square on Saturday night to march in a protest, led by the Arab community, against the controversial nation-state law, as PM Netanyahu says at Sunday's cabinet meeting that 'the protesters want to turn Israel into a Palestinian-Israeli state' but his government will not be satisfied with anything less than 'a complete cease-fire' with Gaza - 19 August 2018: South Israel residents march to demand quiet on Gaza border, calling on the government to act to ensure their security after months marred by rocket fire that has had them scrambling toward shelters on a regular basis, as well as incendiary kites and balloons that have torched thousands of acres of land
October/November 2018: 20 October 2018: Demonstrators across Israel demand an end to violence against women, as activists in Jerusalem blocked the entrance to the Public Security Ministry, demanding action from the authorities amid outrage over recent spike in the number of murdered women - 3 November 2018: Thousands of people were in Tel Aviv at the annual memorial rally for slain PM Yitzhak Rabin - 25 November 2018: Hundreds rally in Tel Aviv to protest violence against women in an event marking the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women - 30 November 2018: Women attended a rally protesting violence against women, following the murders of two young women, outside police headquarters in Tel Aviv on November 28, as dozens of women’s groups announce their intention to hold a strike next Tuesday in protest of the societal plague of violence against women
30 November 2019 thousands demand Netanyahu’s resignation: 30 November 2019: Thousands demand Netanyahu’s resignation at Tel Aviv protest
11/12 July 2020 thousands demand action at Tel Aviv protest against economic policy amid rising unemployment: 11 July 2020: Thousands of Israelis descended on Rabin Square in Tel Aviv to protest peacefully against the Israeli government’s handling of the economic crisis caused by the ongoing covid-19 pandemic, and what they say is insufficient aid offered to small business owners, as some protesters did take direct issue with PM’s leadership and his coalition government, and as unemployment in Israel is at some 21% and is rising - 12 July 2020: Hundreds block roads, clash with police in Tel Aviv after economic protests, as cops arrest 19 demonstrators, use riders on horseback and pepper spray to disperse crowds, after jobless Israelis said government promises of financial support in recent months through grants, unemployment stipends and various other aid mechanisms have in some cases failed to come through and in others proven woefully inadequate in addressing their plight
25/26 July 2020 after criticism police wait before dispersing Jerusalem protesters: 25 July 2020: Protest organizers say will go to High Court unless police stop water cannon use, as activists say police must signal lack of intention to use high-powered water jets or matter will go before judges, also saying 'use actually endangers the demonstrators and has in recent days led to severe injuries to them, including direct injuries to the head and other organs from direct fire', after rights group has highlighted the use of water cannons by law enforcement as posing a danger to demonstrators around the globe, most recently in Hong Kong and in South Korea, where an activist died from injuries - 26 July 2020: Thousands of demonstrators remained in square after 11 p.m. on Saturday, but two hours later police used force and deployed water cannons to disperse final hundreds calling for Netanyahu’s resignation, following controversy over the deployment of water cannons to disperse demonstrators critizising Netanyahu - 26 July 2020: Police deploying water cannons against anti-Netanyahu protesters have been violating internal rules against hitting demonstrators’ heads with jet spray, 'Haaretz' says
3 October 2020 tens of thousands protest Netanyahu across Israel: 3 October 2020: Tens of thousands protest Netanyahu across Israel, activists assaulted and arrested
14 April 2021 dozens protest in solidarity with Israeli army vet who set himself on fire: 14 April 2021: Dozens of people, including disabled Israeli military veterans and those with post-traumatic stress disorder, demonstrated on Wednesday in front of Defense Ministry's rehabilitation clinic in central Israel, where a disabled veteran set himself on fire on Monday, protesting a lack of support from the ministry in vets' rehabilitation - 14 April 2021: On Memorial Day, a group of civilians gathered by the graves of 24 Jewish soldiers buried in Mount Scopus British War Cemetery, part of 23,000 burial sites around the world and funded by the UK in partnership with the governments of Australia, Canada, India, New Zealand and South Africa, whose soldiers fought alongside Britain in 1914-1918 World War I
22 January 2023 huge crowds protest in Tel Aviv, Jerusalem, Haifa and Beersheba over rightwing government’s judicial reforms: 22 January 2023: An estimated 100,000 people took to the streets of Tel Aviv on Saturday night in what protestors described as a 'fight for Israel’s destiny' over sweeping judicial reforms proposed by the new far-right government. Israel’s longtime PM Benjamin Netanyahu returned to office last month at the helm of a coalition of conservative and religious parties that make up the most right-wing government in the country’s history. The new administration has accused Israel’s supreme court of left-wing bias and overstepping its authority, and is seeking to curb the court’s powers by giving the Knesset more control over judicial appointments and severely restricting its ability to overturn laws and government decisions. The Tel Aviv protest, along with smaller demonstrations in Jerusalem, Haifa and Beersheba, were sparked by fears that the far-reaching proposals undermine democratic norms. Since Israel has no formal constitution, the supreme court plays an important role in keeping government ministers in check.
1 April 2023 Israelis rally across the country against Netanyahu's judicial coup despite freeze of legislation: 1 April 2023: Israelis rally across the country against Netanyahu's judicial coup despite freeze of legislation
3 June 2023 22nd week of Israel pro-democracy protests amid police violence: 3 June 2023: 22nd week of Israel pro-democracy protests amid police violence, 'Haaretz' reports with live updates
10 June 2023 Israelis protest PM Netanyahu's judicial overhaul for 23rd week: 10 June 2023: Israelis protest PM Netanyahu's judicial overhaul for 23rd week, 'Haaretz' reports with live updates


Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Israel: Israeli society
Human rights in Israel: Human rights in Israel
Districts, regional and local councils in Israel: Districts of Israel - Regional council - Local councils in Israel
6 main administrative districts and 15 sub-districts of Israel: 6 main administrative districts of Israel, known in Hebrew as mehozot, and 15 sub-districts known as nafot, as each sub-district is further divided into cities, municipalities, and regional councils it contains - Jerusalem District, one of six administrative districts of Israel, with the district capital of Jerusalem, having a land area of 652 km² and a population of 1,083,300 citizens in 2016 including 65.6% Jewish and 32.8% Arab inhabitants, as a fifth of 21% of the Arabs in Israel live in the Jerusalem District - Central District of Israel, including most of the Sharon region and further divided into the 4 sub-districts of Petah Tikva, Ramla, Sharon, and Rehovot, with a population of 2,115,800 citizens in 2017, including 88% Jewish, 8.2% Arab, and 4% 'non-classified' citizens, being mostly former Soviet Union immigrants of partial or nominal Jewish ethnic heritage or household members of Jews - Haifa District surrounding the capital city of Haifa in Israel, as the district land area is 864 km2 and its total population includes 996,300 citizens with 684,100 (68.6%) Jews and 213,400 (21.4%) Muslims in 2017 - Judea and Samaria Area (Hebrew 'Ezor Yehuda VeShomron'), the Israeli government term for the administrative district encompassing Israeli-occupied West Bank excluding East Jerusalem, for some statistical purposes grouped together by Israeli authorities with the Districts of Israel, although parts of the international community consider the West Bank (former kingdoms of Israel and Judah) to be a territory held by Israel under military occupation - Population statistics for Israeli settlements in the West Bank - Northern District with a land area of 4,478 km² and a total population of 1,390,900 citizens including Jews, Muslims, Druze and Arab Christians, as the district capital is Nof HaGalil and the largest city is Nazareth - Southern District, the largest in terms of land area but the most sparsely populated, covering most of the Negev desert, as well as the Arava valley, as the population of the Southern District include 1,086,240 (79.66% Jewish, 12.72% Arab mostly Muslim, 7.62% others) citizens, and as the district capital is Beersheba, while the largest city is Ashdod - Tel Aviv District, the smallest and most densely populated district of Israel with a population of 1.35 million residents, including 98.9% Jewish, 1.10% Arab (0.7% Muslim and 0.4% Christian) citizens in 2016
Cities in Israel: Cities in Israel
Jerusalem metropolitan area and status: Jerusalem metropolitan area is the area encompassing the approximately one hundred square miles surrounding the Old City of Jerusalem with a population of 1,253,900 citizens, as the expansion of Jerusalem under Israeli law followed its official annexation of the city in the aftermath of the 1967 Six-Day War, as greater Jerusalem is divided into three areas including the outer ring, the New City/Center, and The Historical Center/Inner Ring, as the rings are mainly used as an administrative tool to incorporate, public transit, housing, and utility services under a common structure, and as greater Jerusalem can be said to encompass the entire City of Jerusalem (both its Western and Eastern parts) and its suburbs, the second largest metropolitan area in Israel, behind Gush Dan - In 1950 Israel established West Jerusalem as its capital, as the Israeli government then needed to invest heavily to create employment, building new government offices, a new university, the Great Synagogue and the Knesset building, after West Jerusalem became covered by the Law and Administrative Ordinance of 1948, subjecting West Jerusalem to Israeli jurisdiction - East Jerusalem, the sector of Jerusalem that was occupied by the 'Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan' during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, as opposed to the western sector of the city - Status of Jerusalem - April 1950 Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan's annexation of the West Bank after the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, during which Transjordan occupied territory (earmarked by a UN General Assembly Resolution in November 1947), that had previously been part of 'Mandatory Palestine', as during the war, 'Jordan's Arab Legion' took control of territory on the western side of the Jordan River, including the cities of Jericho, Bethlehem, Hebron, Nablus and eastern Jerusalem, including the Old City, and as - following the end of hostilities in this period - the area remained under Jordanian control and became known as the 'West Bank'
Jerusalem district: Jerusalem District, one of six administrative districts of Israel, as the district capital is Jerusalem, and as the Jerusalem District has a land area of 652 km² with a population of 1,159,900 inhabitants (66.3% Jewish and 32.1% Arab, as a fifth (21%) of the Arabs in Israel live in the Jerusalem District) - 'Quds Governorate', also 'Jerusalem Governorate' (one of the 16 Governorates of Palestine and located in the central part of the West Bank), as the current governor appointed by the PNA is since 2018 Adnan Ghaith. and as the governorate has two sub-districts including Jerusalem J1, which includes the localities within the territory controlled by the Israeli Jerusalem municipality (East Jerusalem), and Jerusalem J2, which includes the remaining parts of the Jerusalem Governorate
Geography of Jerusalem: Geography of Jerusalem
Neighbourhoods of Jerusalem, list of places in Jerusalem: Neighbourhoods of Jerusalem - List of places in Jerusalem
'Municipality of Jerusalem' interactive map: 'Municipality of Jerusalem' interactive map
3 April 2023 'Mount of Olives' becomes latest target in fight for control of Jerusalem: 3 April 2023: Mount of Olives becomes latest target in fight for control of Jerusalem
Economy of Jerusalem: Economy of Jerusalem
Culture and educatin in Jerusalem: Jerusalem culture - Education in Jerusalem
Schools in Jerusalem: Schools in Jerusalem
Museums and libraries in Jerusalem: Museums in Jerusalem - Libraries in Jerusalem
C.1000-586 BC Solomon's Temple and First Temple period: Since the construction of Solomon's Temple First Temple period c.1000-586 BC
66–135 CE Jewish–Roman wars, diaspora of survivors, and 14 May 1948 Israeli Declaration of Independence: 66–135 CE Jewish–Roman wars by the Jews of the Eastern Mediterranean against the Roman Empire and slavery, resulting in Roman victory, destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple, widespread destruction in Judea and worldwide diaspora of many survivors for 2,000 thousands years - Since 14 May 1948 Israeli Declaration of Independence, formally the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel, by David Ben-Gurion, the Executive Head of the World Zionist Organization, Chairman of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, and soon to be first PM of Israel. It declared the establishment of a Jewish state in Eretz-Israel, to be known as the State of Israel, which would come into effect on termination of the British Mandate at midnight that day. The event is celebrated annually in Israel with a national holiday Independence Day on 5 Iyar of every year according to the Hebrew calendar.
636–637 Siege of Jerusalem, captured by the Rashidun Caliphate: 636–637 Siege of Jerusalem, captured by the Rashidun Caliphate
Since Middle Ages 'Al Aqsa Compound', Islamic shrine 'Dome of the Rock', ongoing conflicts: After the dissolution of Western Roman empire after its acceptance of the hand-made 'christian' religion, in the beginning Middle Ages Muslim conquest of the Levant in the early 7th century. Ironically located within the Old City of Jerusalem, destroyed by the Romans, a mosque was built on top of the Temple Mount, known to Muslims as the Al Aqsa Compound or al-Haram al-Sharif, several decades after Muhammad's death. Muslims believe that the Islamic Prophet Muhammad was transported from the Great Mosque of Mecca to this location during his ridiculous 'Night Journey'. Islamic tradition holds that Muhammad led prayers towards this site until the 16th or 17th month after his migration from Mecca to Medina, when Allah directed him to instead turn towards the Kaaba in Mecca - Dome of the Rock, an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem, builr and rebuilt since 691–692 CE on top of the site of the Second Jewish Temple built in c. 516 BCE to replace the destroyed Solomon's Temple, which was destroyed by the Romans in 70 CE - Ongoing conflicts, essentially since 2000 years
March/April 1854 condition description of the city of Jerusalem by Karl Marx: Im März/April 1854 beschreibt Karl Marx in MEW 10 'Die Kriegserklärung - Zur Geschichte der orientalischen Frage' den Zustand Jerusalems nach einigen Jahrhunderten islamischer Herrschaft im bis zur römischen Zerstörung 'Anno Domini' 70 blühenden Staat der Juden mit den Worten: 'Die Muselmanen, die etwa ein Viertel der ganzen Bevölkerung bilden und aus Türken, Arabern und Mauren bestehen, sind selbstverständlich in jeder Hinsicht die Herren, denn bei der Schwäche ihrer Regierung in Konstantinopel sind sie in keiner Weise beengt. Nichts gleicht aber dem Elend und den Leiden der Juden in Jerusalem, die den schmutzigsten Flecken der Stadt bewohnen, genannt Harêth-el-Yahud, im Viertel des Schmutzes zwischen Zion und Moria, wo ihre Synagogen liegen; sie sind unausgesetzt Gegenstand muselmanischer Unterdrückung und Unduldsamkeit, von den Griechisch-Orthodoxen beschimpft, von den Katholiken verfolgt und nur von den spärlichen Almosen lebend, die ihnen von ihren europäischen Brüdern zufließen. Die Juden sind jedoch keine Ureinwohner, sondern kommen aus verschiedenen entfernten Ländern und werden nach Jerusalem nur durch den Wunsch gezogen, das Tal Josaphat zu bewohnen und an denselben Stellen zu sterben, wo der Erlöser erscheinen soll.'
Since December 1917 British Mandate period of Jerusalem: Since December 1917 British Mandate period of Jerusalem
Since late 19th century possibility of a Jewish homeland: Since the late 19th century the possibility of a Jewish homeland in Palestine had been a goal of Zionist organizations amid - onging since ancient times and the Middle Ages - rising and more more dangerous anti-Semitism in Europe (and especially in the Russian empire). After the 1914-1918 World War I the United Kingdom was given a mandate for Palestine, which it had conquered from the Ottoman empire (since the Middle Ages until 1922) during Central Powers world war, followed in the summer of 1929 by series of demonstrations and riots in which a longstanding dispute between Muslims and Jews over access to the Western Wall in Jerusalem escalated into violence, amid a series of congresses held by Palestinian Arabs, organized by a nationwide network of local Muslim-Christian Associations, in the British Mandate of Palestine. Between 1919 and 1928, seven congresses were held in Jerusalem, Jaffa, Haifa and Nablus, but despite broad public support their executive committees were never officially recognised by the British, who said they were unrepresentative and parts of Arab population began coordinated opposition to British policies
After World War I 1914-18 antisemitic Palestinian riots in Jerusalem and other Jewish communities: In April 1920 Palestinian anti-Zionist riots in the Jewish quarter of Old Jerusalem killed several and injured scores. British authorities attributed the riots to Arab disappointment at not having the promises of independence fulfilled and to fears, played on by some Muslim and Christian leaders, of a massive influx of Jews. The arrival of more than 18,000 Jewish immigrants between 1919 and 1921 and land purchases in 1921 by the Jewish National Fund further aroused Arab opposition. Then a new and now civil administration proceeded to implement the Balfour Declaration, announcing in August a quota of 16,500 Jewish immigrants for the first year. In July 1922 the Council of the League of Nations approved the mandate instrument for Palestine, including its preamble incorporating the Balfour Declaration and stressing the Jewish historical connection with Palestine.
1937 the Peel Commission suggested partitioning Mandate Palestine into an Arab state and a Jewish state: In 1937 the Peel Commission suggested partitioning Mandate Palestine into an Arab state and a Jewish state, though the proposal was rejected as unworkable by the government and was at least partially to blame for the renewal of the 1936–39 Arab revolt. The Arab leader Mohammad Amin al-Husayni and his associates received funding from Fascist Italy during the revolt as the Italians were in dispute with the UK over Abyssinia and wished not only to disrupt the British rear but also to extend Italian influence in the region. Mohammad Amin al-Husayni took refuge successively in the French Mandate of Lebanon and the Kingdom of Iraq, until he established himself in Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany. During WWII he collaborated with both states by by making propagandistic radio broadcasts and by helping the Nazis recruit Bosnian Muslims for the Waffen-SS (on the ground that they shared four principles: family, order, the leader and faith). On a meeting with Adolf Hitler - who had announced in early 1924 in Bavarian People' Court to solve the 'Jewish question' - al-Husayni requested backing for Arab independence and support in opposing the establishment in Palestine of a Jewish national home. - On changing springtime dates every year's Yom HaZikaron 'Memorial Day for the Fallen Soldiers of the Wars of Israel and Victims of Actions of Terrorism', Israel's official remembrance day enacted into law in 1963. While Yom HaZikaron has been traditionally dedicated to fallen soldiers, commemoration has also been extended to civilian victims of terrorism. - 15 May since 1998 'Nakba Day', the annual day of commemoration of the displacement of parts of the Palestinian people. It is generally commemorated on 15 May, the day after the End of the British Mandate for Palestine and the creation of the State of Israel in its place. The day was officially inaugurated by PLO's Yasser Arafat in 1998.
October/November 2018 municipal election in Jerusalem: October/November 2018 municipal election in Jerusalem - 4 October 2018: Mayoral hopeful Berkovitch says he’ll rid Jerusalem of 'Haredi extortion’, as youngest candidate in the race, as one of just three longtime Jerusalem residents, and as founder of the Hitorerut social movement, vowing to clean up city, advance coexistence initiatives - 12 November 2018: Hasidic religious leaders in Jerusalem ordered their followers to refrain from voting in Tuesday’s mayoral runoff, splitting the ultra-Orthodox vote in a maneuver seen as buoying candidate Ofer Berkovitch and placing him neck-and-neck with front-runner Moshe Lion, who has the backing of much of the ultra-Orthodox community in the capital and the endorsements of both the Haredi Shas and Degel HaTorah factions - On 13 November 2018, Lion won the run-off election with 50.85% of the vote to Berkovitch's 49.15%
23 November 2022 Jerusalem bombings killed 2 people in rare twin attacks at bus stops: 23 November 2022 Jerusalem bombings, as two bomb attacks were carried out at bus stops on the outskirts of the city. 16-year-old Israeli-Canadian, Arye Schepoek and Ethiopian Jewish Tadasa Tashume Ben Ma'ada, a father of six from the Neve Yaakov neighborhood, were killed and at least 22 were injured. They were the first bombings carried out on Israeli civilians since the 2016 Jerusalem bus bombing, in which a suicide bomber injured at least 22 people, as Palestinian terror groups praised the bombings saying the attacks came in response to visits by Jews to the al-Aqsa Mosque compound. - 23 November 2022: A teenage boy has been killed and 14 other people have been wounded in two suspected bomb attacks at bus stops in Jerusalem, Israeli police say. The explosions happened at two busy areas on the outskirts of the city as people were heading to work. The boy who died was among 12 people wounded by the first blast. Three others were wounded by the second, the BBC reports - 23 November 2022: Initial investigations indicated that explosive devices were placed at both blast sites, as the killed teenager Aryeh Shechopek was a student at a yeshiva school and lived in the Har Nof neighborhood in Jerusalem, the family said, according to CNN


Timeline of Tel Aviv: Timeline of Tel Aviv
21st century in Tel Aviv: 21st century in Tel Aviv
Since April 2020 closures of cities in Israel in response to covid-19: Since April 2020 closures of cities and neighborhoods in Israel in response to covid-19
7 April 2022 Tel Aviv shooting: 7 April 2022 Tel Aviv shooting, as three people were killed and eleven injured in a mass shooting in Israel's most populous city, perpetrated by the gunman Raad Hazem from Jenin in the northern West Bank, after Hazem had prayed at a mosque in Yefet Street before the shootings, which was also the place where he was killed - 8 April 2022: Death toll in Tel Aviv terror attack rises to three, including 28-year-old Tomer Morad, 27-year-old Eytam Magini from the city of Kfar Saba and 35 year old Barak Lufan, who succumbed to his wound on Friday, seven days ahead of Passover, that begins on the 15th day of the month of Nisan, the first month of Aviv - See also 29 March 2022 Bnei Brak shootings, 27 March 2022 Hadera shooting, and 22 March 2022 Beersheba stabbing and vehicle-ramming attack by an 'Islamic State' supporter
: The
//8 April 2023 Italian Alessandro Parini killed and seven other people injured after Yousef Abu Jaber rams people near Tel Aviv beach: 8 April 2023: 36-year-old Italian citizen Alessandro Parini killed and seven other people injured in a suspected car-ramming attack near a beach in Tel Aviv, as a doctor told Israeli TV the wounded included three British nationals and one other Italian, as local police said the suspected attacker was shot dead by officers, and has also named him as Yousef Abu Jaber from Kafr Qasim, an Israeli-Arab city, according to the 'BBC' - 7 April 2023: One tourist killed, seven wounded in Tel Aviv terror attack, assailant shot dead, as the attacker drove southbound on the road adjacent to Tel Aviv's beach promenade, before veering right and driving at speed on the bike lane for around 100 meters, hitting eight pedestrians and bicyclists before rolling over on the lawn of the Charles Clore Park, and the attacker was shot by a police officer and a civilian inspector. The Islamic Jihad said in a statement that the attack is a 'natural and legitimate response to the crimes of the occupation against the Palestinian people', adding that it happened on the one-year anniversary of the terror attack at a bar on Dizengoff street in Tel Aviv. A witness who was present at the site told Haaretz that a vehicle sped up and entered a nearby gas station. 'The gun shots started right after that, after which he turned rightwards and rolled over.' Mayor of Tel Aviv Ron Huldai told Channel 12 News that the attack 'is a part of our daily life for a long time', adding that 'nothing will help. The enemy feels our weakness. I hope the Prime Minister will return to himself, and take care of what he promised to - personal safety, the economy and Iran. And that he'll get off his crazy attempt to turn Israel into something it is not.' - 7 April 2023: Italian Alessandro Parini from Rome has died and five other British and Italian tourists have been injured in an attack in the Israeli coastal city of Tel Aviv, as Israel’s rescue service said on Friday night - the Jewish holy day - that the 30-year-old Italian died from a gunshot wound. At the same time, Israeli police said a car had been driven into people near the beach, and that the driver had been shot and killed, according to 'The Guardian'.
Timeline of Jaffa since 20th century: Timeline of Jaffa since 20th century
21st century history and timeline of Lod city: 21st century history and timeline of Lod city
Transport in Haifa: Transport in Haifa
Education in Haifa: Education in Haifa
Timeline and history of Haifa: History and timeline of Haifa
15 April 2022 15-year-old girl stabbed a man in the Israel city of Haifa: 15 April 2022: A 15-year-old girl stabbed a man in Haifa city on Friday, in what the police suspect to be a politically-motivated attack, as the assailant's father had called Israel Police to notify them that his daughter had intended to carry out a stabbing attack in Jerusalem this morning. When the police had arrived at their home to take testimony from the father, they received reports that a stabbing had taken place. The minor reportedly stabbed the 47-year-old man in the leg in Haifa's Hazikaron Park before she was apprehended by a police officer. She has been transferred to interrogation at Israel's Shin Bet security services, as victim is in a moderate condition and has been evacuated to the intensive care unit.
Education and culture in Acre: Education and culture in Acre
History and timeline of Acre: History and timeline of Acre
1882-1900 history of Rishon LeZion founded by pioneers from Kharkiv: 1882-1900 history of Rishon LeZion, founded in July 1882, by ten Hovevei Zion pioneers from Kharkiv, Ukraine headed by Zalman David Levontin, as in 1882, Rishon LeZion had a population of 150 citizens. Reuven Yudalevich was also a member of the group. The British vice consul in Jaffa Haim Amzaleg purchased 337.91 ha of land southeast of present-day Tel Aviv, part of the townland of the Arab village of Ayun Kara from Mustafa Abdallah ali Dajan. Amzaleg signed a declaration to the settlers stating that none of the structures on this land will ever be his own. In addition to the problems posed by sandy soil and lack of water, the newcomers had no agricultural experience. Baron Rothschild brought in experts who drilled for water, finding the groundwater table uneven. Wells were built at a depth of 20–25 meters. After the Biluim arrived, the colony slowly began to develop. On 23 February 1883, the settlers found water in the wells
History of Rishon LeZion in the state of Israel, declared a city in 1950: History of Rishon LeZion in the state of Israel, declared a city in 1950, by which time it had a population of around 18,000 citizens. By 1983 it had a population of 103,000. In 2006, 222,300 people were living in the city. By 2020, the population is expected to reach 253,600. In 2007, the Rishon LeZion Municipality was awarded the Ministry of Interior Prize for Proper Management. The city may in the future host a new international airport, which will replace Ben-Gurion International Airport and Sde Dov Airport. Under a plan currently being considered, a new international airport will be constructed on a marine platform built 2km offshore of Rishon LeZion, the terminals, and cargo docks will be built onshore near a highway intersection, which will be linked to the airport by fast trains or buses traveling along a pier. In 2016, the Israeli government approved the expansion of Rishon LeZion onto sand dunes west of the city, upon which one of the largest commercial and residential construction projects in the Central District will be built on 1,000 dunams. Another industrial zone in the western part of the city is planned to be almost doubled in size.
Timeline and history of Beersheba: History and timeline of Beersheba
History and timeline of Nazareth: History of Nazareth
1st century Matthew's massacre of children in Bethlehem allegation: In Matthäus’ Geschichte vom Kindermord in Bethlehem im 1. Jahrhundert wird entgegen aller Tatsachen behauptet, dass Jesus in Bethlehem geboren wurde. Dies ist Phantasie. Die wissenschaftliche Forschung sieht den tatsächlichen Geburtsort Jesu mehrheitlich in Nazareth, weil sich die Bethlehem-Geburtsgeschichten bei Matthäus und Lukas nicht in Einklang bringen lassen und auch der von Lukas (2,2 EU) behauptete reichsweite Zensus fragwürdig ist. Die erste nachweisbare Provinzzählung unter Publius Sulpicius Quirinius in der Provinz Judäa fand erst im Jahr 6 n. Chr. statt, also ein Jahrzehnt nach dem Tod des Herodes. Zu dessen Lebzeiten war Judäa noch nicht Teil der römischen Provinzialordnung. Bethlehem sei vermutlich erst aufgrund nachösterlicher Reflexion als angeblicher Geburtsort Jesu ins Spiel gekommen, da im Alten Testament geweissagt war, dass der Messias bzw. künftige Herrscher aus Bethlehem, der Stadt Davids, kommen sollte.
1980s–2010s modern period: Modern period 1980s–2010s
Economy of Eilat: Economy of Eilat
History and timeline of Eilat: History of Eilat
Since 2005 rocket attacks on Eilat and Aqaba: Since 2005 rocket attacks on Eilat and Aqaba
Economy of Sderot: Economy of Sderot
Timeline of Umm al-Fahm city: History and timeline of Umm al-Fahm city
Negev Bedouin: Negev Bedouin, traditionally pastoral nomadic Arab tribes (Bedouin), who until the later part of the 19th century would wander between Saudi Arabia in the east and the Sinai Peninsula in the west. In the 21st centura they live in the Negev region of Israel, adhering to Islam. From 1858 during Ottoman rule, the Negev Bedouin underwent a process of sedentarization which accelerated after the founding of Israel. In the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, most resettled in neighbouring countries. With time, some started returning to Israel and about 11,000 were recognized by Israel as its citizens by 1954. Between 1968 and 1989, Israel built seven townships in the northeast Negev for this population, including Rahat, Hura, Tel as-Sabi, Ar'arat an-Naqab, Lakiya, Kuseife and Shaqib al-Salam. Others settled outside these townships in what is called the unrecognized villages. In 2003, in an attempt to settle the land disputes in the Negev, the Israeli government offered to retroactively recognize eleven villages (Abu Qrenat, Umm Batin, al-Sayyid, Bir Hadaj, Drijat, Mulada, Makhul, Qasr al-Sir, Kukhleh, Abu Talul and Tirabin al-Sana), but also increased enforcement against 'illegal construction'. Bedouin land owners refused to accept the offer and the land disputes still stand. The majority of the unrecognized villages are therefore slated for bulldozing as laid out in the Prawer Plan. According to human rights organizations, the Prawer Plan discriminated against the Bedouin population of the Negev and violated the community's historic land rights. In December 2013, the plan was rescinded. The Bedouin population in the Negev numbers 200,000–210,000. Just over half of them live in the seven government-built Bedouin-only towns. The remaining 90,000 live in 46 villages, 35 of which are still unrecognized and 11 of which were officially recognized in 2003.
Since 1948/1949 Arab citizens of Israel: Since 1948/1949 Arab citizens of Israel
Demographics and ethnic groups in Israel: Demographics of Israel - Ethnic groups in Israel - Aliyah - Immigration to Israel
Ashkenazi, Mizrahi and Sephardi Jews: Ashkenazi Jews - Mizrahi Jews - Sephardi Jews
Ethiopian Jews in Israel: Ethiopian Jews in Israel - Aliyah from Ethiopia - Beta Israel
Arab citizens of Israel: Arab citizens of Israel
Involvement of Arab citizens in Israel in terrorist attacks: Involvement of Arab citizens in Israel in terrorist attacks
Israeli Druze: Israeli Druze
African diaspora in Israel: African diaspora in Israel
Israeli policy for non-Jewish African refugees and timeline: Israeli policy for non-Jewish African refugees and timeline since 2000
April 2020 for African migrants in Israel, covid-19 means health, jobs, homes all at risk: 11 April 2020: For African migrants in Israel, covid-19 means health, jobs, homes all at risk
Refugees in Israel: Refugees in Israel
Culture and languages in Israel: Culture of Israel - Languages of Israel - Israeli literature
Jewish music: Jewish music, including both traditions of religious music, as sung at the synagogue and domestic prayers, and of secular music, such as klezmer, as some elements of Jewish music may originate in biblical times, differences of rhythm and sound can be found among later Jewish communities that have been musically influenced by location - Religious Jewish music - History of religious Jewish music, as according to the Mishnah, the regular Temple orchestra consisted of twelve instruments, and a choir of twelve male singers, as the instruments included the kinnor (lyre), nevel (harp), shofar (ram's horn), ?atzotz?rot (trumpet) and three varieties of pipe, the chalil, alamoth and the uggav, and as the Temple orchestra also included a cymbal (tziltzal) made of copper, as the Talmud also mentions use in the Temple of a pipe organ (magrepha), and states that the water organ was not used in the Temple as its sounds were too distracting, and as - according to the nature of the matter - no provable examples of the music played at the Temple have survived, only an oral tradition that the tune used for Kol Nidrei was sung in the temple - History of music in the biblical period, cultural influences, as in ancient Israel - according to music historian Avraham Sharon - 'probably the most important musical contribution of the ancient Hebrews was the elevation of the status of liturgical music in union with ritual ceremonies'
Musical instruments documented since the Sumerian civilization 4500–1900 BC: Musical instruments documented since the Sumerian civilization 4500–1900 BC, including string instruments, wind instruments, percussion instruments, as singing is a global tradition - according to the nature of the matter - not documented since the origin of humans, and as musical notation in the modern sense did not exist during this period, with the Hebrew alphabet allowing for special symbols to indicate how the music was to be performed - Influence on later music, as music historians estimate that there seems 'little doubt that the worship-music of the early Church, i.e. at such centres as Jerusalem, Damascus, Antioch and Alexandria, grew from materials ... of Greek and Syrian origins, together with the service-chants of the Jewish synagogue', possibly including Psalms - From the time of the Renaissance Jewish communities in western Europe have shown some interest in modernizing the service by introducing composed music on the European model - 18th century Abraham de Caceres or Casseres, a Portuguese-Dutch Jewish composer of the late baroque period, as Caceres is primarily known as the composer-in-residence to the Amsterdam Sephardic community between 1720 and 1740 - Hazzan or chazzan, a Jewish musician or precentor trained in the vocal arts who helps lead the congregation in songful prayer - Synagogues, with a place for prayer (the main sanctuary), may also have rooms for study, a social hall, and offices, as some have a separate room for Torah study
Music of Israel: Music of Israel
Since the 1930s Israel Philharmonic Orchestra and music education in Israel: Since the 1930s Israel Philharmonic Orchestra
Music education in Israel: Music education in Israel
Religious relations in Israel: Religious relations in Israel
Women in the workforce in Israel: Women in the workforce in Israel
Women in the Israel Defense Forces: Women in the Israel Defense Forces
Childhood and youth in Israel: Childhood in Israel - Youth in Israel
Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict: Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
Education in Israel: Education in Israel
List of schools in Israel: List of schools in Israel
Israeli universities and colleges: List of Israeli universities and colleges - Universities and colleges in Jerusalem - Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel's second oldest university established in 1918, the world's largest Jewish studies library is located on its Edmond J. Safra Givat Ram campus - Tel Aviv University, a public research university, with over 30,000 students the University is the largest in the country - Porter School of Environmental Studies, an independent graduate school within Tel Aviv University, is Israel’s first graduate school to focus on research, teaching and the sharing of environmental knowledge, and one of the few worldwide to take a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approach to the study of environmental issues - Since 1963 University of Haifa, a public research university founded by the mayor of its host city to operate under the academic auspices of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research: Since 2002 Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research
Israel Democracy Institute to independently strengthening the foundations of Israeli democracy: Israel Democracy Institute, an independent center of research and action dedicated to strengthening the foundations of Israeli democracy
2016 'Yad Vashem' chairman Shalev's 'deep concern over the appalling images of massacres' in Syria, saying the world must put an end to the killing: 18 December 2016: Yad Vashem Holocaust memorial's Chairman Avner Shalev expresses 'deep concern over the appalling images of massacres' in Syria, saying that the world must put an end to the killing - 14 October 2016: Syria is suffering 'a small holocaust’ as 'every day not far from here, as we sit here, men, women and children are murdered in Syria, and particularly in Aleppo', Israeli chief rabbi Yitzhak Yosef says, demanding that Jews must not be silent in the face of genocide across northern border - 11 December 2016: The Israeli airstrike on an Assad regime airbase outside Damascus last week targeted a convoy of chemical weapons en route to the Shiite terror group Hezbollah, a Syrian opposition spokesman Fahed al-Masri says, adding that jihadist and Iranian militants will continue to advance on northern border as long Assad remains in power
20 January 2020 Rachel Hanan's son says forum should have been honoring survivors first and foremost: 20 January 2020: Many leaders and even war criminal Putin - allied with the Iranian Mullah regime, Assad and Hezbollah terrorists - and German president, but few actual survivors invited to landmark Holocaust event, as Yaron Hanan, son of former Auschwitz prisoner Rachel Hanan, who was not among 30 given tickets to event, says forum should have been honoring survivors first and foremost, adding 'I think they’re no less essential to representing what took place there than anything else this ceremony is intended to achieve', and as Environmental Protection Minister Ze’ev Elkin says he would hand over his invitation to a survivor who wished to attend but was not invited, and called on his fellow ministers to do the same
8 April 2021 new explanation for Paleolithic cave art in the pitch-black depths of cave systems: 8 April 2021: As some of the most beautiful Paleolithic cave art is in the pitch-black depths of cave systems, some in places almost impossible to reach, let alone appreciate the art, now a paper published by Tel Aviv University's scientists with independent researcher Gil Kedar suggests an explanation, saying that the Paleolithic artisans were motivated by the transformative nature of the subterranean, oxygen-depleted space where they could communicate with nonhuman entities inhabiting the underworld, and making the drawings not for the tribe to see, but for keeping and maintaining their relationships with the cosmos - 17 January 2021: The artists painting the Sulawesi cave wall over 45,500 years ago may have been depicting a whole social interaction between warty pigs, making painting found in a cave in Indonesia the earliest known figurative cave art in the world, archaeologists reported
Health in Israel: Health in Israel
Medical outbreaks in Israel: Medical outbreaks in Israel
Since February 2020 covid-19 in Israel: Since February 2020 Chinese coronavirus pandemic in Israel
11 March 2020 as cases climb to 97 Israel limits gatherings to 100 people: 11 March 2020: Israel limits gatherings to 100 people as coronavirus cases climb to 97
30 March 2020 covid-19 death toll rises as Netanyahu aide tests positive: 30 March 2020: Covid-19 death toll hits 16, as Netanyahu aide tests positive for coronavirus
10 April 2020 most covid-19 carriers aged 20-29 and younger as overwhelming number of seriously ill are over 60: 10 April 2020: In Israel, highest number of cases seen in the 20-29 age group, as overwhelming number of seriously ill are over 60, and as almost a third of children under the age of nine infected with the coronavirus are asymptomatic carriers of the disease, according to Health Ministry - 10 April 2020: Health Ministry will conduct some 1,500 random coronavirus tests for residents of Bnei Brak, a city of 200,000 people having almost as many confirmed cases as Jerusalem, where 1,630 people have been confirmed positive for the virus, with a population over four times larger - 10 April 2020: 10,095 Israelis have so far tested positive for the coronavirus and 93 people have died, 'Haaretz' reports
22 April 2020 Israel records biggest rise of new covid-19 infections in a week:
22 April 2020: After decline in rate of new infections, Israel records biggest rise in a week
25 August 2020 virus czar Gamzu says infection rate in Arab areas a 'catastrophe': 25 August 2020: Virus czar Ronni Gamzu says infection rate in Arab areas a 'catastrophe', opposes lockdow
8 September 2020 Israel hits new covid-19 high with over 3,400 infections in day: 8 September 2020: Israel hits new covid-19 high with over 3,400 infections in day, as curfew snarl persists
12 January 2021 Israeli data shows 50% reduction in infections 14 days after first vaccine shot: 12 January 2021: Israeli data shows 50% reduction in infections 14 days after first vaccine shot
19 January 2021: Israel passes 10,000 daily infections for first time since start of pandemic: 19 January 2021: Israel passes 10,000 daily infections for first time since start of pandemic
20 February 2021 Israel reopens stores, malls, gyms Sunday in major easing of covid-19 restrictions: 20 February 2021: Israel reopens stores, malls, gyms Sunday in major easing of covid-19 restrictions
18 May 2020 Israeli doctors explain how they beat the coronavirus: 18 May 2020: Israeli doctors explain how they beat the coronavirus
Sport in Israel: Sport in Israel
Freedom of the press in Israel: Freedom of the press in Israel
September 2015 commander of troops seen attacking foreign AFP journalists removed from post: 26 September 2015: Commander of troops seen attacking foreign AFP journalists removed from post
Israeli journalists: Israeli journalists
Newspapers in Israel: Newspapers in Israel
1918 'Haaretz' - Israel's oldest daily newspaper - founded: Israel's oldest daily newspaper 'Haaretz' - 'The Land [of Israel]', originally 'Hadshot Haaretz' - founded in 1918 - In 1915, Salman Schocken co-founded the Zionist journal 'Der Jude' (with Martin Buber). Schocken would support Buber financially, as well as other Jewish writers such as Gerschom Scholem and S.Y. Agnon. In 1930 he established the 'Schocken Institute for Research on Hebrew Poetry' in Berlin, especially including manuscripts of medieval Jewish poetry. In 1931, he founded the publishing company 'Schocken Verlag', which printed books by German Jewish writers such as Franz Kafka and Walter Benjamin, making their work widely available. In 1933, the Nazis stripped Schocken of his German citizenship. They forced him to sell his German enterprises to Merkur AG, but he managed to recover some of his property after World War II. In 1934 Schocken left Germany for Palestine. In Jerusalem he built the Schocken Library, became a board member of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and bought the newspaper Haaretz for 23,000 pounds sterling in 1935. His eldest son, Gershom Schocken, became the chief editor in 1939 and held that position until his death in 1990. In the 1930s Schocken became a board member of the 'Jewish National Fund' and helped with the purchase of land in the Haifa Bay area.
July 2014 D. Horovitz of 'The Times of Israel' describes himself as a member of the 'confused middle ground': 16 July 2014: David Horovitz, founding editor of 'The Times of Israel', an August 1962 British-born British-Israeli journalist who immigrated to Israel from London in 1983, is describing himself as a member of the 'confused middle ground' in 2014, two years after visiting Frankfurt/M in 2012 - 21 June 2012: Rabbi Markus Horovitz founded Frankfurt/M city’s Borneplatz Synagogue in 1882, Abraham Horovitz was born there, as were David Horovitz' father and his siblings, before the Horovitz family fled Germany for England in 1937, as in Spain fascist Franco's, NSDAP Germany's and Italian fascists's war against the Spanish people and republic came to a head in its second year with the April 1937 bombing of Guernica, carried out at the behest of Franco's fascists by the NSDAP German Luftwaffe's Condor Legion and the fascist Italian Aviazione Legionaria, opening the way to Franco's capture of Bilbao and his victory in northern Spain, as Soviet archives claim hundreds of deaths on 1 May 1937 - Neo-nazism or democracy 2011-2021
Radio in Israel: Radio in Israel
Television in Israel: Television in Israel
Multinational internet companies operating in Israel: 'Facebook' in Israel
Human rights in Israel: Human rights in Israel
Homeland for the Jewish people in ancient times: After the fall of Jerusalem - then capital of the Kingdom of Judah - following its siege for 3 years during a military campaign carried out by the Neo-Babylonian Empire, in 587 BC the Babylonian general Nebuzaraddan was sent to complete its destruction. Jerusalem was plundered, and Solomon's Temple was destroyed. Most of the elite were taken into captivity in Babylon. The city was razed to the ground. Only a few people were permitted to remain to tend to the land. Jews fled to Moab, Ammon, Edom, and in other countries, returned to Judah, then fled to Egypt for safety. - Since 11th century BCE history of ancient Israel and Judah, that existed in the ancient Southern Levant - Kingdom of Israel's city of Jericho has evidence of settlement dating back to 10,000 BCE, The Tower of Jericho, built in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A period around 8000 BCE, is considered the world’s first stone building, and possibly the world's first work of monumental architecture - Map of Southwest Asia showing the main archaeological sites of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic period, c. 7500 BCE
Second Temple Judaism and later Rabbinic Judaism strictly monotheistic: Judaism is traditionally considered one of the oldest monotheistic religions in the world, as Yahweh was originally the national god of the Kingdom of Israel and the Kingdom of Judah. During the 8th century BCE, the worship of Yahweh in Israel was in competition with many other cults, described by the Yahwist faction collectively as Baals. The oldest books of the Hebrew Bible reflect this competition. The reforms of King Josiah imposed a form of strict monolatrism. After the fall of Judah and the beginning of the Babylonian captivity, a small circle of priests and scribes gathered around the exiled royal court, where they first developed the concept of Yahweh as the sole God of the world. Second Temple Judaism and later Rabbinic Judaism became strictly monotheistic. The Babylonian Talmud references other, 'foreign gods' - like Roman Jupiter, Mars, Greek Zeus, Ares, Buddhist Marici, Egyptian Amun, etc. - as non-existent entities to whom humans mistakenly ascribe reality and power. - Lists of deities worldwide
Basic questions about Jewish identity: 'Who is a Jew?', a basic question about Jewish identity and considerations of Jewish self-identification. The question pertains to ideas about Jewish personhood, which have cultural, ethnic, religious, political, genealogical, and personal dimensions. 'Orthodox Judaism' and 'Conservative Judaism' follow Jewish law (Halakha), deeming people to be Jewish if their mothers are Jewish or if they underwent a halakhic conversion. 'Reform Judaism' and 'Reconstructionist Judaism' accept both matrilineal and patrilineal descent as well as conversion. 'Karaite Judaism' predominantly follows patrilineal descent as well as conversion. Jewish identity after World War II, the Holocaust, and then refoundation of a Jewish state is also commonly defined through ethnicity. Opinion polls in the 21st century have suggested that the majority of Jews see being Jewish as predominantly a matter of ancestry and culture, rather than religion.
Basic Laws of Israel, thirteen constitutional laws of the State of Israel: Basic Laws of Israel, thirteen constitutional laws of the State of Israel, as some of them can only be changed by a supermajority vote in the Knesset. Many of these laws are based on the individual liberties that were outlined in the Israeli Declaration of Independence in May 1948. The Basic Laws - intended to be draft chapters of a future Israeli constitution, which has been postponed since 1950 - act as a de facto constitution until their future incorporation into a formal, unitary, written constitution. Israel is one of 6 countries - along with Canada, New Zealand, San Marino, Saudi Arabia and the United Kingdom - that operates entirely or in part according to an uncodified constitution consisting of both material constitutional law (based upon cases and precedents), common law, and the provisions of these formal statutes.
Since 1958 list of the Basic Laws of Israel: Since 1958 list of the Basic Laws of Israel
Crime in Israel: Crime in Israel
2014: List of Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel 2014 - Terrorist incidents in Israel in 2014 - 22 October 2014 Jerusalem vehicular attack - 23 October 2014: Hamas, Fatah officials praise terrorist, urging Palestinians to 'escalate the confrontations', after Hamas member al-Shaludi killed Israeli baby in deadly car ramming attack in Jerusalem - 5 November 2014 Jerusalem vehicular attack - 5 November 2014: Vehicular terror attack in Jerusalem claimed by Hamas, after Hamas member and operative al-Akari rammed van into a group of pedestrians waiting for the Light Rail in Jerusalem, killing one person and wounding a number of others - 18 November 2014 Jerusalem synagogue attack - 12 January 2017: Iran and Syria ordered by Washington D.C. District Court to pay $178m to family of American-Israeli infant Chaya Zissel Braun killed in 22 October 2014 Jerusalem terror attack by member of the Hamas terrorist organization al-Shaludi, because the two countries financially back Hamas and as the 'criminal regimes in Tehran and Damascus are the biggest state sponsors of terrorism in the world', according to chairwoman Darshan-Leitner
January 2016 Tel Aviv shooting: On 1 January 2016 suspected gunman Nasha'at Melhem opened fire on several businesses on Dizengoff Street in Tel Aviv, killing two people and injuring seven others - 2 January 2016: Tel Aviv on high alert as manhunt continues for Arab Israeli who killed two in New Year’s Day shooting - 2 January 2016: Tel Aviv shooting suspect reportedly 'wanted to avenge cousin's death' - 4 January 2016: Suspected gunman Nashat Milhem who shot up a bar in Tel Aviv, killing two, fired into two other establishments, fled the scene on foot, hailed a cab, and rode to north Tel Aviv where he murdered the driver before abandoning the vehicle, police says - 8/9 January: Israeli police kill New Year's Day Tel Aviv shooting's suspect Nashat Melhem at mosque in home Wadi Ara town of Ar’ara
Anti-Arabism in Israel: Anti-Arabism in Israel - Racism in Israel
Religiously motivated violence in Israel:
Incitement to violence in Israel:
White collar and financial crimes, fraud and bribery in Israel: Fraud in Israel - Bribery in Israel
2012-2016 former Israel PM Olmert indicted in corruption case: 5 January 2012: Former Israel PM Olmert indicted in corruption case - 10 July 2012: Ehud Olmert corruption and bribery case, on 10 July 2012 Olmert convicted of breach of trust - 10 juillet 2012: L'ex-Premier ministre Olmert coupable de corruption dans l'affaire dite du 'Centre d'investissement' - 24 September: Former Israel PM Ehud Olmert given a one-year suspended sentence for breaching the public's trust - 31 March 2014: Former PM Ehud Olmert convicted of accepting bribes in Holyland case - 13 May 2014: Former Israeli PM Ehud Olmert sentenced to 6-year jail term for corruption - 30 March 2015: Former PM Olmert convicted of fraud, breach of trust in retrial - 25 May 2015: Ex-premier Olmert sentenced to eight months in jail for taking cash from USA businessman and fundraiser Morris Talansky in exchange for political favors - 29 December 2015: Israel’s Supreme Court partially upheld the conviction of Ehud Olmert, who is one of eight former officials and businessmen in the so-called Holyland real estate corruption case, sending the former PM to prison for 18 months - 2 February 2016: Olmert faces fresh conviction after admitting case tampering
2017/2018 corruption cases involving prominent Israeli political figures: 2017/2018 Corruption cases involving prominent Israeli political figures - 13 February 2018: Attorney general will examine evidence and decide whether to indict after police investigation of PM Netanyahu in two cases - 29 May 2018: Tel Aviv district prosecution’s finance and tax department has established evidence that Netanyahu 'systematically' demanded benefits worth about NIS 1 million ($282,000) from Hollywood mogul Arnon Milchan - 2 December 2018: Police recommend bribery charges for Netanyahu in Case 4000, as investigators say findings in Bezeq corruption probe point to indictments for PM and his wife, Bezeq owner and his wife - 3 December 2018: Attorney General Avichai Mandelblit expressed vociferous protest against accusations made by PM Benjamin Netanyahu and his loyalists, who said that law enforcement officials were engaging in a 'witch hunt' after police recommended that the premier stand trial for bribery and other graft allegations
16 June 2021 court recesses Netanyahu graft case for three weeks: 16 June 2021: Court recesses Netanyahu graft case for three weeks
Violence against women in Israel: Violence against women in Israel
Arson attacks in Israel:
Since 1920 Israeli 20th century legal framework for ownership, property incl. real estate, movable property: Land and property laws in Israel are the property law component of Israeli law, providing the legal framework for the ownership and other 'in rem' rights towards all forms of property in Israel, including real estate (land) and movable property. Besides tangible property, economic rights are also usually treated as property, in addition to being covered by the law of obligations. - Ottoman Empire era, embarking on a systematic land reform program in the second half of the 19th century, on the one hand ... - April 1917 Tel Aviv and Jaffa deportation of Jews, the forcible deportation on , of the entire Jewish civilian population of Jaffa, including Tel Aviv, by the authorities of the Ottoman Empire in Palestine, as Jews who were affected by the deportation were unable to return to their homes until the British conquest, in the summer of 1918. 14% of the Jewish population left the area for Egypt.
1920th-1940th British mandate era: British mandate era, as several new land laws were introduced, including The Land Transfer Ordinance of 1920, The Correction of Land Registers Ordinance of 1926 and The Land Settlement Ordinance of 1928. It was the policy of the World Zionist Organization to encourage Jewish acquisition of land in Palestine for Jewish settlement. From 1936, the British administration introduced a series of land regulations, until in 1940 - already in WWII - the 'Land Transfer Regulations of 1940' divided the country into zones, with different restrictions on land sales in each, summarized by the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry in 1946, and since 1948 the State of Israel era, as state lands of the Mandate reverted to the State of Israel. In addition, property left by Arab refugees passed into the control of the new Israeli government. The newly formed Israeli ministries, committees and departments took over functions performed earlier by ‘National Institutions’. One of the first steps adopted by the new state was the reactivation of the Defence Regulations adopted earlier by the British in 1939 and later repealed during WWII since September 1939 against Poland. Some of this land was sold by the government to the JNF, which had developed expertise in reclaiming and developing waste and barren lands and making them productive. - Since 1929 Jewish Agency for Israel, the largest Jewish non-profit organization in the world. It was established as the operative branch of the World Zionist Organization, with the stated mission to 'ensure that every Jewish person feels an unbreakable bond to one another and to Israel no matter where they live in the world, so that they can continue to play their critical role in our ongoing Jewish story'. It is best-known as the primary organization fostering the immigration of Jews in diaspora to the Land of Israel - known as aliyah - and overseeing their integration with the State of Israel. Since 1948, the Jewish Agency has brought 3 million immigrants to Israel, and offers them transitional housing in 'absorption centres' throughout the country.
Since 1958 list of the Basic Laws of Israel: List of the Basic Laws of Israel since 1958
4 January 2023 Israel's attorney general won't be representing the government in its attempt to allow Netanyahu's ally Arye Dery to become a minister: 4 January 2023: Israel's attorney general won't be representing the new government in its attempt to allow Netanyahu's ally Arye Dery to become a minister despite his criminal record
District courts in Israel:
3 May 2020 High Court asked whether indicted Netanyahu can form government, also weighing legality of new coalition deal: 3 May 2020: Also weighing legality of Likud-Blue and White coalition deal, High Court mulls whether to allow indicted Netanyahu to form a government
Law enforcement in Israel: Law enforcement in Israel
December 2017 Israel foiled 400 major terror attacks in 2017: 24 December 2017: Israel foiled 400 major terror attacks in 2017, Shin Bet chief says
Palestinian prisoners in Israel: Palestinian prisoners in Israel
Environment of Israel: Environment of Israel
Geography of Israel and land management: Geography of Israel - Land management in Israel
Protected areas, nature reserves and national parks in Israel: Protected areas of Israel - Nature reserves in Israel - National parks of Israel
Mountains of Israel: Mountains of Israel
Forests of Israel: Forests of Israel, as forests of contemporary Israel are mainly the result of a massive afforestation campaign by the Jewish National Fund JNF, after in the 19th century and up to World War I, the Ottoman Empire cleared the land of Israel of its natural reserves of pine and oak trees, in order to build railways across the empire - Since 1901 Jewish National Fund to buy and develop land in Ottoman Palestine for Jewish settlement - later the British Mandate for Palestine, and subsequently Israel and the Palestinian territories -, as the JNF (a non-profit organization) by 2007 owned 13% of the total land in Israel, saying that since its inception it has planted over 240 million trees in Israel, also built 180 dams and reservoirs, and developed 250,000 acres of land and established more than 1,000 parks - List of forests in Israel by districts
Biodiversity in Israel, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip: Biodiversity in Israel, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip
Environmental issues in Israel: Environmental issues in Israel - Conservation in Israel
Israeli ministry of environmental protection and environmental organizations: Ministry of Environmental Protection in Israel - Environmental organizations based in Israel - Israel Nature and Parks Authority
Greenpeace International in Israel: Greenpeace International (since 1971) in Israel
Water scarcity and supply in Israel and in the Palestinian territories: Water supply and scarcity in Israel and in the Palestinian territories - Water in Israel - Bodies of water of Israel - Rivers of Israel
Air pollution and climate change in Israel: Air pollution and climate change in Israel
Natural disasters in Israel: Natural disasters in Israel
Storms and floods in Israel:
2013 Middle East cold snap and floods: 2013 Middle East cold snap and floods
Weather events in Asia and Middle East heatwaves: Weather events in Asia - Middle East heatwaves
Wildfires in Israel:
1989 Mount Carmel forest fire: September 1989 Mount Carmel forest fire
2010 Mount Carmel forest fire: December 2010 Mount Carmel forest fire
2016 massive heat wave leads to brush fires across Israel: 15 May 2016: Massive heat wave leads to brush fires across Israel
November/December 2016 wave of over 200 wildfires in various regions, 2017: November 2016 Israel wildfires, a wave of over 200 wildfires in various regions in Israel - 24 November 2016: Several hundred people were evacuated from their homes in a number of locations across Israel including Haifa as a wave of wildfires continued to wreak havoc across the country, bolstered by high winds and dry conditions that have contributed to vast damage caused over the past two days, as international firefighters arrive to help - 24 November 2016: Palestinian Authority sends a team to help combat blazes - 25 November 2016: Officials say evidence of widespread arson unclear as fires burn overnight in many parts of Israel - 27 November 2016: The wildfires that have raged across Israel over five days have left at least 133 people injured, rendered hundreds of homes unlivable and consumed tens of thousands of dunams of protected parks and nature reserves, as firefighters gain control of most of the blazes - 27 November 2016: Two Israeli Arabs arrested on suspicion of deliberately starting brush fires have confessed to the crimes, according to police - 18 December 2016: Three Palestinians arrested for suspected arson attacks after they were spotted by security cameras on 25 November attempting to ignite a blaze outside of Ariel, Shin Bet says - 5 February 2017: 3 Palestinians accused of arson in November West Bank fire
Droughts in Israel:
Plagues in flora, fauna and agriculture: Plagues in flora, fauna and agriculture - Wood decomposition
Oil spills and environmental effects: Oil spills and environmental effects


Palestinian territories - Outline of the Palestinian territories - Gaza Strip - West Bank - History of Palestine (region) - History of the Palestinian people - Demographics of Palestine - Demographics of the Palestinian territories
Agriculture in the Palestinian territories: Agriculture in the Palestinian territories
Olive production in the Palestinian territories: Olive production in the Palestinian territories
Water supply effects of the Gaza war 2008/2009 and the Gaza blockade: Effects of the Gaza war 2008/2009 and the Gaza blockade
History of the economy of the Palestinian territories and economic cycles: History of the economy of the Palestinian territories
Employment in the Palestinian territories: Employment in the Palestinian territories
Palestinian workers in Israel: Palestinian workers in Israel
Poverty in the Palestinian territories: Poverty in the Palestinian territories
Palestinian society and demographics of the Palestinian territories: Palestinian society - Demographics of the Palestinian territories
Villages in the West Bank and Gaza Strip: Villages in the West Bank - Villages in the Gaza Strip
1995 Oslo II Accord divided the West Bank into three administrative divisions A,B, and C: The 1995 Oslo II Accord divided the Israeli-occupied West Bank into three administrative divisions, Areas A, B and C. The distinct areas were given different statuses, according to their governance pending a final status accord. Area A is exclusively administered by the Palestinian National Authority. Area B is administered by both the Palestinian Authority and Israel. Area C, which contains the Israeli settlements, is administered by Israel. Areas A and B were chosen in such a way as to just contain Palestinians, by drawing lines around Palestinian population centers at the time the Agreement was signed, all areas surrounding Areas A and B were defined as Area C. Area A comprises approximately 18% of the total territory of the West Bank and Area B about 22% of the territory, together home to some 2.8 million Palestinians. As of 2015, Area C is home to 150,000 Palestinians in 532 residential areas. It is also home to roughly 400,000 Israelis, in 135 settlements, as well as more than 100 outposts unrecognized by the Israeli government. Area C forms a contiguous territory, administered via the Judea and Samaria Area administration. In contrast, under the Oslo Accords Areas A and B were subdivided into 165 separate units of land that have no territorial contiguity


History and ancient period of Ein-Ganim: History and ancient period of Ein-Ganim - later known ss Jenin - believed to constitute the original settlement core of the city, located at the center of what is today Jenin's business district. Jenin has been identified as the place 'Gina' mentioned in the Amarna letters from the 14th century BCE. At the time, it was a vassal state of the New Kingdom of Egypt. The people of Gina managed to kill the warlord Labaya during the reign of Pharaoh Akhenaten, as later - according to the Hebrew Bible - Ein-Ganim is referred to as a Levite city belonging to the Israelite Tribe of Issachar. The Book of Judith renders its name as 'Gini'. as Roman-Jewish historian Josephus in the 1st-century CE - in the period of Roman empire's destruction of Israel, including the first genocide of Jews - mentions 'Ginea' as being in the northern border of Samaria.
11 April 2022 Palestinians shot dead and wounded in Jenin, al-Khader, Husan, Israelis injured in Nablus: 11 April 2022: Palestinians shot and injured Monday night two Israelis who went through an unmanned checkpoint in the West Bank city of Nablus, as the Israelis were on their way to Joseph's Tomb in Nablus, a flash point and holy site for Jews that was set ablaze last week by Palestinian rioters, as Palestinian Muhammad Zakarna who was shot by Israeli forces in Jenin on Sunday succumbed to his wounds a day later. The man was wounded during a raid intended to arrest two brothers of the terrorist who carried out a terror attack in Tel Aviv on Thursday, leaving three Israelis dead, as 17-year-old Muhammad Zakarna was now shot and wounded after opening fire on soldiers, according to the Israeli army. Disputing the army's account, his family and friends said that Zakarna was at work when he was hit by an expanding bullet. The 17-year-old worked selling hot drinks in Jenin's industrial zone, though he had nothing to sell that day due to the lockdown on the city. Also on Sunday, Israeli forces shot and killed a Palestinian man who was throwing Molotov cocktails at an Israeli vehicle near the town of al-Khader in the West Bank. This follows the fatal shooting of a Palestinian woman in Hebron, after she had stabbed an Israeli Border Police office. The officer was lightly wounded in the attack. Another Palestinian woman was shot dead on Sunday in Husan, near Bethlehem, who Israeli forces said approached them in a 'suspicious manner' before being fired at.
11 May 2022 Al Jazeera journalist Shireen Abu Akleh was shot dead in Jenin: On 11 May 2022 Al Jazeera journalist Shireen Abu Akleh was shot dead in West Bank during an Israeli raid in Jenin that targeted at capturing terror suspects - 11 May 2022: Israeli military said its forces came under attack with heavy gunfire and explosives while operating in Jenin, and that they fired back. The military is 'investigating the event and looking into the possibility that the journalists were hit by the Palestinian gunmen', AP reports. - 11 May 2022: 'I don't think we killed' Shireen Abu Akleh, a spokesman for the Israeli military says, as USA ambassador to Israel confirmed Abu Akleh was a USA citizen, and called for a 'thorough investigation into the circumstances of her death', as during the raid, according to IDF, militants opened fire at the Israeli forces and hurled explosives at them, before the soldiers returned fire, now saying 'we proposed to the Palestinians to open a swift joint probe. If we indeed killed her, we'll take responsibility, but it doesn't seem to be the case'.
January 2023 Jenin killings and aftermath in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict: January 2023 Jenin killings and aftermath in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict
Nablus city: Nablus city - Greek neápolis - in the West Bank approximately 49km north of Jerusalem, with a population of 126,132 citizens in the 21st century. Located between Mount Ebal and Mount Gerizim, it is the capital of the Nablus Governorate and a commercial and cultural centre, home to An-Najah National University, one of the largest Palestinian institutions of higher learning, and the Palestine Stock Exchange and under the administration of the Palestinian National Authority as part of Area A of the West Bank. The city traces its modern name back to the Roman period, when it was named Flavia Neapolis by Roman emperor Vespasian in 72 CE. During the Byzantine period, conflict between the city's Samaritan and newer Christian inhabitants peaked in the Samaritan revolts that were eventually suppressed by the Byzantines by 573, which greatly dwindled the Samaritan population of the city. Following the Arab-Muslim conquest of the Levant in the 7th century, the city was given its present-day Arabic name of Nablus. After the First Crusade, the Crusaders drafted the laws of the Kingdom of Jerusalem in the Council of Nablus, and its Christian, Samaritan, and Muslim inhabitants prospered. The city then came under the control of the Ayyubids and the Mamluk Sultanate. Under the Ottoman Turks, who conquered the city in 1517, Nablus served as the administrative and commercial centre for the surrounding area corresponding to the modern-day northern West Bank. After the city was captured by British forces during Central Powers' - including the Ottoman empire - 1914-1918 World War I, Nablus was incorporated into the British Mandate of Palestine in 1922. The 1948 Arab–Israeli War saw the entire West Bank, including Nablus, occupied and annexed by Transjordan. Since the 1967 Arab–Israeli War, the West Bank has been occupied by Israel, and since 1995, it has been governed by the PNA as part of Area
Geography, demographics, economy and education, culture and local government of Nablus: Geography, demographics, economy and education, culture and local government of Nablus, as Nablus lies in a strategic position at a junction between two ancient commercial roads. One road links the Sharon coastal plain to the Jordan valley, the other linking Nablus to the Galilee in the north, and the biblical Judea to the south through the mountains. The city stands at an elevation of around 550 meters above sea level in a narrow valley running roughly east–west between two mountains, the northern mountain Mount Ebal and the southern mountain Mount Gerizim. Nablus is located 42km east of Tel Aviv, 110km west of Amman in Jordan and 63km north of Jerusalem. Nearby cities and towns include Huwara and Aqraba to the south, Beit Furik to the southeast, Tammun to the northeast, Asira ash-Shamaliya to the north and Kafr Qaddum and Tell to the west.
Economy and agriculture of Jericho: Economy and agriculture of Jericho
15 November 2022 vehicle-ramming and stabbing attack that killed three Israelis: On 15 November 2022, a vehicle-ramming and stabbing attack killed three Israelis and wounded three others in the West Bank settlement of Ariel. The attacker started by stabbing a security guard at the entrance to the Ariel Industrial Park and then fatally stabbed two men and wounded another during a knife attack at the Ten gas station. He left the scene with his vehicle which he rammed into a group of cars, fatally injuring a Kiryat Netafim citizen. A civilian exited his car to help the wounded man which the perpetrator used as an opportunity to steal the man's BMW and drive off. He drove the vehicle to an area on the road with traffic where he tried to attack more cars. The killer was shot dead by civilians and security forces.
Economy of Ramallah: Economy of Ramallah
East Jerusalem: East Jerusalem, the sector of Jerusalem that was occupied by Jordan during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, following Axis powers' World War II and the Holocaust, as opposed to the western sector of the city, West Jerusalem, which was occupied by Israel. Since the 1967 Arab–Israeli War, East Jerusalem has been considered to be occupied by Israel by the international community. East Jerusalem, in the early 21st century recognized as part of Palestine by 138 (out of 193) member countries of the UN, including Argentina, Brazil, China, India, Russia, Sweden, and 57 members countries of the 'Organisation of Islamic Cooperation'. In 2016, the population of East Jerusalem was 542,400, comprising 61% of Jerusalem's population. Of these, 327,700 (60.4%) were Arabs and 214,600 (39.6%) were Jews.
8/9 October 2022 Israeli forces search for suspected shooter after the killing of an Israeli soldier: 8 October 2022: East Jerusalem's Shoafat refugee camp is swarming with Israeli soldiers, where a manhunt is underway for the suspect behind a drive-by shooting that left Israeli 18-year-old Sgt. Noa Lazar dead and several others wounded on Saturday evening, as the gunman, who is still at large, has been identified as 22-year-old Palestinian Udi Tamimi from Shoafat - 9 October 2022: Israeli security forces are searching for a suspected gunman in connection with the killing of an 18-year-old Israeli soldier at a checkpoint in occupied East Jerusalem, after the Israeli military on Sunday identified the soldier as 18-year-old Noa Lazar. It added that three other soldiers were wounded, one seriously.
Bethlehem city, since 1350–1330 BCE documented and therefore proven, not fantasized history: Bethlehem city in the central West Bank, about 10 km south of Jerusalem and the capital of the Bethlehem Governorate. Its population is approximately 25,000 citizens in the 21st century as its economy is primarily tourist-driven. The important holy site of Rachel's Tomb is at the northern entrance of Bethlehem. The earliest known mention of Bethlehem was in the Amarna correspondence of 1350–1330 BCE when the town was inhabited by the Canaanites. The Hebrew Bible, which says that the city of Bethlehem was built up as a fortified city by Rehoboam, identifies it as the city David was from and where he was anointed as the king of Israel. Bethlehem was destroyed by the Emperor Hadrian during the second-century Bar Kokhba revolt. Bethlehem became part of 'Jund Filastin' following the Muslim conquest in 637 after the decline and dissolution of the Roman empire. Muslim rule continued in Bethlehem until its conquest in 1099 by a crusading army, who replaced the town's Greek Orthodox clergy with a Latin one. In the mid-13th century, the Mamluks demolished the city's walls, which were subsequently rebuilt under the Ottoman empire in the early 16th century. Control of Bethlehem passed from the Ottomans to the British at the end of German empire's and Central Powers World War I, followed by Axis Powers World War II and the Holocaust. Bethlehem came under Jordanian rule during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War and was later captured by Israel in the 1967 Six-Day War, but since the 1995 Oslo Accords, Bethlehem has been administered by the Palestinian Authority.
1st century Matthew's massacre of children in Bethlehem allegation: In Matthäus’ Geschichte vom Kindermord in Bethlehem im 1. Jahrhundert wird entgegen aller Tatsachen behauptet, dass Jesus in Bethlehem geboren wurde. Dies ist Phantasie. Die wissenschaftliche Forschung sieht den tatsächlichen Geburtsort Jesu mehrheitlich in Nazareth, weil sich die Bethlehem-Geburtsgeschichten bei Matthäus und Lukas nicht in Einklang bringen lassen und auch der von Lukas (2,2 EU) behauptete reichsweite Zensus fragwürdig ist. Die erste nachweisbare Provinzzählung unter Publius Sulpicius Quirinius in der Provinz Judäa fand erst im Jahr 6 n. Chr. statt, also ein Jahrzehnt nach dem Tod des Herodes. Zu dessen Lebzeiten war Judäa noch nicht Teil der römischen Provinzialordnung. Bethlehem sei vermutlich erst aufgrund nachösterlicher Reflexion als angeblicher Geburtsort Jesu ins Spiel gekommen, da im Alten Testament geweissagt war, dass der Messias bzw. künftige Herrscher aus Bethlehem, der Stadt Davids, kommen sollte.
11 April 2022 Palestinians shot dead and wounded in Jenin, al-Khader, Husan, Israelis injured in Nablus: 11 April 2022: Palestinians shot and injured Monday night two Israelis who went through an unmanned checkpoint in the West Bank city of Nablus, as the Israelis were on their way to Joseph's Tomb in Nablus, a flash point and holy site for Jews that was set ablaze last week by Palestinian rioters, as Palestinian Muhammad Zakarna who was shot by Israeli forces in Jenin on Sunday succumbed to his wounds a day later. The man was wounded during a raid intended to arrest two brothers of the terrorist who carried out a terror attack in Tel Aviv on Thursday, leaving three Israelis dead, as 17-year-old Muhammad Zakarna was now shot and wounded after opening fire on soldiers, according to the Israeli army. Disputing the army's account, his family and friends said that Zakarna was at work when he was hit by an expanding bullet. The 17-year-old worked selling hot drinks in Jenin's industrial zone, though he had nothing to sell that day due to the lockdown on the city. Also on Sunday, Israeli forces shot and killed a Palestinian man who was throwing Molotov cocktails at an Israeli vehicle near the town of al-Khader in the West Bank. This follows the fatal shooting of a Palestinian woman in Hebron, after she had stabbed an Israeli Border Police office. The officer was lightly wounded in the attack. Another Palestinian woman was shot dead on Sunday in Husan, near Bethlehem, who Israeli forces said approached them in a 'suspicious manner' before being fired at.
Economy and urban development of Hebron: Economy and urban development of Hebron
990 BCE capital of Israel relocated from Hebron to Jerusalem by King David: 990 BCE capital of Israel relocated from Hebron to Jerusalem by King David
1834 Hebron massacre by Egyptian forces: 1834 Hebron massacre by Egyptian forces
1948 Transjordan forces in power: 1948 Transjordan forces in power
Israeli–Palestinian conflict in Hebron: Israeli–Palestinian conflict in Hebron


Governorates in the Gaza Strip: Governorates of the Gaza Strip
Economy and port of Gaza City: Economy of Gaza City - Port of Gaza
History and timeline of Gaza: History of Gaza settlement and city, as known history of Gaza spans 4,000 years. Gaza was ruled, destroyed and repopulated by various dynasties, empires, and peoples. Originally a Canaanite settlement, it came under the control of the ancient Egyptians for roughly 350 years before being conquered and becoming one of the Philistines' principal cities. Gaza became part of the Assyrian Empire around 730 BCE. Alexander the Great besieged and captured the city in 332 BCE. Most of the inhabitants were killed during the assault, and the city, which became a center for Hellenistic learning and philosophy, was resettled by nearby Bedouins. The area changed hands regularly between two Greek successor-kingdoms, the Seleucids of Syria and the Ptolemies of Egypt, until it was besieged and taken by the Hasmoneans in 96 BCE, then rebuilt under the rule of Roman general Pompey, and granted to Herod the Great thirty years later. Throughout the Roman period, Gaza maintained its prosperity, receiving grants from several different emperors. A 500-member senate governed the city, which had a diverse population of Greeks, Romans, Jews, Egyptians, Persians and Nabateans.
Bronze Age history of Gaza: Bronze Age history of Gaza
Ancient period history of Gaza: Ancient period history of Gaza
Classical antiquity history of Gaza: Classical antiquity history of Gaza, as in 634, Gaza was besieged by the Rashidun army under general 'Amr ibn al-'As, with assistance from Khalid ibn al-Walid, following the Battle of Ajnadayn between the Byzantine Empire and the Rashidun Caliphate in central Palestine. The Muslims' victory at Ajnadayn gave them control over much of Palestine's countryside, but not the major cities with garrisons such as Gaza. With Umar succeeding Abu Bakr as caliph, the Rashidun forces began to make stronger efforts at conquering Byzantine territory. During the three-year siege of Gaza, the city's Jewish community fought alongside the Byzantine garrison. In the summer of 637, Amr's forces broke the siege and captured Gaza, killing its Byzantine garrison. - July-August 634 Battle of Ajnadayn in a location close to Beit Guvrin in present-day Israel, the first major pitched battle between the Byzantine (Roman) Empire and the army of the Arab Rashidun Caliphate
Since 1516 Gaza incorporated into the still expanding Ottoman Empire until November 1917: In 1516, Gaza - by now a small town with an inactive port, ruined buildings and reduced trade - was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman army quickly and efficiently crushed a small-scale uprising. Shortly after Palestine's quick submission to the Ottomans, it was divided into six districts, including the Gaza Sanjak (District of Gaza) which stretched from Jaffa in the north to Bayt Jibrin in the east and Rafah in the south. The sanjak was a part of the larger Damascus Eyalet or the 'Province of Damascus'. In the early 20th century Gaza was economically and politically dominated by a number of powerful clans, particularly the Shawa, Husseini, and Sourani families. When Central Powers' (including the Ottoman empire's) 1914-1918 World War I involved the the so-called 'Middle East', in March 1917 British forces were defeated by the Ottomans in the first and in April 1917 second Battle of Gaza. - In November 1917 UK's general Edmund Allenby (supported by Canada, Australia and New Zealand), leading the Allied Forces, defeated the Ottoman Empire supported by the German Empire and finally conquered Gaza in a third battle
1948-1967 occupation of the Gaza Strip by Egypt: At the conclusion of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, Egypt was in control of Gaza and the surrounding area, that came to be called the Gaza Strip. Gaza's growing population was augmented by an influx of refugees fleeing nearby cities, towns and villages that were captured by Israel. From 1948 until 1959, Gaza was nominally under the jurisdiction of the All-Palestine Government, an entity established by the 'Arab League' during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, purportedly as the government for a 'liberated Palestine'. However, the government was ineffective with little or no influence over events in Gaza and was dissolved by Cairo in 1959. Egyptian occupation of the Gaza Strip was broken for four months during the 1956 Suez Crisis. Gaza officially became a part of the 'United Arab Republic', a union of Syria and Egypt, under the pan-Arab policy of Nasser. In reality, however, Gaza was under direct Egyptian military governorship, which also continued upon the withdrawal of Syria from the UAR shortly afterwards. When the 'Palestinian Liberation Organization' PLO was founded in 1964, Nasser formally, but not practically, proclaimed that it would hold authority over Gaza, and a year later, conscription was instituted for the 'Palestinian Liberation Army' - 1948-1967 occupation of the Gaza Strip by Egypt.
Since 1993 Palestinian control of the Gaza Strip: Since 1993 Palestinian control of the Gaza Strip


Palestinian women: Palestinian women
Education and children in the Palestinian territories: Education in the Palestinian territories - Education in Gaza - Education in the West Bank
Palestinian militant misuse of children and youths: Palestinian militant misuse of children
2013 Hamas to establish military academy for schoolkids: 24 January 2013: Hamas to establish military academy for schoolkids
Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict: Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
30 May 2021 health workers fear that effects of the latest violence will long linger among the children especially in Gaza strip: 30 May 2021: As Gaza's citizens try to recover from 11-day deadly rocket attacks and terrible Israeli defense and and even deadlier attacks, mothers and mental health workers have raised concerns that the effects of the violence will long linger among the children in the Strip
Health in the Palestinian territories: Health in the Palestinian territories
Medical outbreaks in the Palestinian territories: Medical outbreaks in the Palestinian territories
2020 coronavirus pandemic in the Palestinian territories: Since March 2020 coronavirus pandemic in the Palestinian territories
Taxation and budget in the Palestinian territories: Taxation in the Palestinian territories - International aid to Palestinians - Budget
2013 PA passes $3.9bn budget for 2013 with 25% is earmarked for military: 29 March 2013: Palestinian cabinet passes $3.9 billion budget for 2013, 25% is earmarked for defense
March 2015 Israeli decision to transfer Palestinian tax funds: 29 March 2015: Israeli decision to transfer Palestinian tax funds also welcomed by EU and USA
Elections and politics of the Palestinian National Authority: Elections in the Palestinian National Authority
August 2014: 8 August 2014: As Gaza rocket fire continues and Hamas rejects extending truce, a new poll says that 92% of Palestinians in Gaza are in favor of a long-term ceasefire between Israel and Hamas and 72% hope their leaders will work to achieve a lasting peace agreement - 10 August: Hamas threatens major escalation in rocket strikes on Israel as Gazans in addition to hundreds of victims, destruction and unemployment struggle with rising prices - 13 August: The annihilation of the state of Israel has begun, says the official PLO envoy Salah al-Zawawi in Tehran, as Hamas representative in Iran Khaled al-Kadoumi says, that he hopes its weapons will become more advanced with the help of the Iranians - 15 August: After weeks of war, some fearless Gazans are starting to speak out questioning Hamas’s handling of the crisis - 17 August: Hundreds of Fatah members under Hamas house arrest in Gaza - 18 August: Israel arrested 93 Hamas men in West Bank over terror network targeting Palestinian Authority - 17 December 2014: Two-thirds of Palestinians say they are afraid to criticize Mahmoud Abbas, according to a poll
October 2016 Palestinian local elections, postponed: 8 October 2016 Palestinian local elections, postponed
2 October 2020 Fatah Central Committee approves 'understandings' with Hamas: 2 October 2020: Fatah Central Committee approves understandings with Hamas
28 June 2021 Palestinians protest for fifth day in West Bank after death of activist: 28 June 2021: Several hundred people took to the streets of Ramallah, Hebron and Bethlehem for the fifth consecutive day to protest against the treatment of Nizar Banat, a social and political activist, who died during an arrest by Palestinian authority’s forces in Hebron on 24 June, as crowds - waving Palestinian flags, pictures of Banat and calling for an end to Abbas’s 16-year rule - have been met with brutal force from both Palestinian security forces and men in plain clothes loyal to Abbas’s Fatah party, and as clubs, metal rods, teargas and the sexual assault of female protesters have been used to break up the demonstrations and stop reporters from documenting the events, according to the Palestinian journalists’ union
Social movements and protests in the Palestinian territories: Protests in the Palestinian territories
March/April 2018 'Land Day' incidents: March/April 2018 'Land Day' incidents
March 2019 protests against high cost of living: Since 14 March 2019 Gaza economic protests, met with violence by the ruling Hamas - 14 March 2019: Hamas’s security forces disperse rare Gaza protests against its rule - 15 March 2019: Hamas said to beat Gazans protesting dire economic conditions for second day amid reports of live fire against residents of Hamas-ruled enclave in Deir al-Balah and Khan Younis - 16 March 2019: Fierce clashes erupted between Hamas forces and hundreds of young demonstrators in Gaza as protests against the high cost of living in the Strip entered their third day, as Ramallah-based leadership asked Egypt to pressure Hamas over the violent suppression - 17 March 2019: Palestinian rights groups say Hamas briefly detained four of their researchers as it dispersed protests in Gaza against recent tax hikes - 21 March 2019: Hamas reportedly suppressed public dissent in Gaza, beating and arresting scores of people over the past week who were demonstrating against price rises and dire living conditions across the strip, as more protests are planned
Palestinian newspapers: Palestinian newspapers
Broadcasting in the Palestinian territories: Radio in Palestine - Television stations in Palestine
Internet in Palestine: Internet in Palestine
Cinema of Palestine: Cinema of Palestine
Religion in the Palestinian territories: Religion in the Palestinian territories
Human rights organizations in the Palestinian territories: Human rights organizations based in the Palestinian territories
Human rights in the Palestinian National Authority: Human rights in the Palestinian National Authority - Human rights in the Gaza Strip
Crime in the Palestinian territories: Crime in the Palestinian territories
Corruption in the Palestinian territories:
Palestinian domestic weapons production: Palestinian domestic weapons production
Palestinian tunnel warfare in the Gaza Strip: Palestinian tunnel warfare in the Gaza Strip
Palestinian law: Palestinian law
Law enforcement in the Palestinian National Authority: Law enforcement in the Palestinian National Authority
Foreign relations of the Palestinian National Authority: Foreign relations of the Palestinian National Authority
Palestinian emigration, diaspora and population: Palestinian emigration, diaspora and population
Palestine/United Nations relations: Palestine/United Nations relations
2014: 12 February 2014: The Syrian crisis that has left millions of people dependent on international aid has caused the reduction of funds to assist Palestinians, UN says - 13 March 2014: UN's Ban Ki-moon strongly deplores heavy rocket barrage on Israel from Gaza - 13/14 July 2014: Palestinian representative to the UN Human Rights Council Kraishi says every missile fired from Gaza at Israel is a crime against humanity because it is directed at civilian targets and, unlike IDF, 'we never warn anyone about where these missiles are about to fall' - 19 July: UN's Ban Ki-moon joins efforts for ceasefire negotiations after Hamas's rejection and as death toll reaches 350 - 20 July 2014: 'United' Nations agency UNRWA handed 20 missiles found in Gaza school back to Hamas, not to International Criminal Court - 22 July 2014: Israeli newspaper asks wether is was a war crime that UNRWA handed rockets over to Hamas - 23 July 2014: UN's Ban Ki-moon is 'alarmed' to hear that rockets placed in UN-run school in Gaza now 'have gone missing', demanding a full review - 28 July 2014: Hamas fired anti-tank missile from UNRWA school in Beit Hanoun on Thursday, yard was empty when IDF responded, IDF investigation says - 30 July 2014: UN agency for Palestinian refugees admits that a stockpile of Hamas rockets for the third time since the onset of Operation Protective Edge was found in UNRWA’s Gaza schools, but was not publicized by UNRWA - 30 July 2914: Three Israeli soldiers were killed and 15 injured in an explosion at a booby-trapped UNRWA 'health clinic' in Gaza's Khan Yunis that housed the opening of a Hamas tunnel for terrorist attacks in Israel - 2 August 2014: UN's Ban Ki-moon condemns Hamas violation of humanitarian ceasefire in Gaza and demands the immediate, unconditional release of captured Israeli soldier Goldin - 18 December: Jordan formally submitted Palestinian-drafted resolution to the UN Security Council calling for peace between Israel and the Palestinians within one year and an Israeli withdrawal from the West Bank by the end of 2017 - 31 December: UN Security Council rejects resolution on Palestinian statehood, with the Palestinians failing to get the minimum nine yes votes
International recognition of the State of Palestine: International recognition of the State of Palestine - Proposals for a Palestinian state - 31 octobre 2011: La Palestine devient membre à part entière de l'Unesco - 107 countries voted in favour while USA, Israel, Germany and some others voted against membership - 7 January 2012: Hamas leader's Tunisia visit angers Palestinians - 29 June: Bethlehem sites given Unesco World Heritage status - NZZ 23. Juli: Arabische Liga unterstützt UN-Antrag der Palästinenser - 28 September: President Abbas says he will seek a vote at UN General Assembly to approve Palestine as a 'sovereign country' - 23 October: Qatar emir calls for Palestinian unity on visit to Gaza - 12 November: Palestinian Authority decides to move forward with a bid for elevated UN status - 30 November: In the UN General Assembly 138 countries voted (41 others abstained) to recognise Palestine as a non-member observer state, despite Israel and US criticism
Palestine/Brazil relations: Palestine/Brazil relations
Palestine/China relations: Palestine/China relations
Palestine/France relations: Palestine/France relations
Palestine/Indonesia relations: Palestine/Indonesia relations
Palestine/Iran relations: Palestine/Iran relations
Palestine/Iraq relations: Palestine/Iraq relations
Palestine/Jordan relations: Palestine/Jordan relations - Jordan River
Palestine/North Korea relations: Palestine/North Korea relations
Palestine/Pakistan relations: Palestine/Pakistan relations
Palestinian territories/Russia relations: Palestinian territories/Russia relations
Palestine/South Africa relations: Palestine/South Africa relations
Palestinian territories/Sudan relations: Palestinian territories/Sudan relations
Palestine/Turkey relations: Palestine/Turkey relations
Palestine/United Arab Emirates relations: Palestine/United Arab Emirates relations
Palestine/United Kingdom relations: Palestine/United Kingdom relations
Palestine/USA relations: Palestine/USA relations
Palestine/Venezuela relations: Palestine/Venezuela relations
Palestine/Vietnam relations: Palestine/Vietnam relations
Natural disasters in the Palestinian territories: Natural disasters in the Palestinian territories
Middle East floods and cold snaps: 2013 Middle East cold snap and floods

Israeli-Palestinian conflict: Israeli-Palestinian conflict - Arab-Israeli conflict
Israel and the Roman Empire, since 63 BC: 63 BC Siege and conquest of Jerusalem by the Roman empire, end of Jewish independence and incorporation of Judea into the Roman Empire as a client kingdom - William L. Westermann: The Slave Systems Of Greek And Roman Antiquity, Philadelphia 1955 - Siege of Jerusalem (37 BC) - Judea, province of the Roman empire 6 CE–135 - Jewish–Roman wars 66–136 (70 years) - First Jewish–Roman War 66–73 CE - Romam siege and destruction of Jerusalem in the year 70 CE was the decisive event of the First Jewish-Roman War - First-century Romano-Jewish scholar and historian Josephus claims that 1.1 million people were killed during the siege, of which a majority were Jewish, men and women, old and young, insurgents and priests, those who fought and those who entreated mercy, were hewn down in indiscriminate carnage, and 97,000 were captured and enslaved - The Arch of Titus, celebrating the Roman war crimes, the sack of Jerusalem and destruction of its famous Second Temple, still stands in Rome - Tisha B'Av is an annual fast day in Judaism which commemorates the anniversary of a number of disasters in Jewish history, primarily the destruction of both the First and Second Temples in Jerusalem - Siege of Masada 73 to 74 CE - 351-352 Jewish revolt against Constantius Gallus in Syria Palaestina province, destruction of several Jewish cities, several thousand rebels killed
1882-1903 First Aliyah (return of Jews to Israel): First Aliyah 1882-1903 (return to Israel)
1914-1918 World War I and the rise of antisemitism: 1914-1918 World War I - Antisemitism and World War I
1929-1939 Fifth Aliyah, the fifth wave of the Jewish immigration to Palestine from Europa and Asia: Fifth Aliyah refers to the fifth wave of the Jewish immigration to Palestine from Europe and Asia between the years 1929 and 1939
Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine since late 19th century and violence in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict since 1920 and since 1948: Since late 19th century Arab nationalism and Arab response to Zionism - Timeline of intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine
1948 Israeli Declaration of Independence: Israeli Declaration of Independence 1948
Violent incidents in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict since 2011: List of violent incidents in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict 2011
August 2011: 16. August: Israelischer Luftangriff auf Gazastreifen - ein Toter und etliche Verletzte - 18 August: Several people killed in a series of attacks on vehicles in southern Israel - 18. August: Israel reagiert mit tödlichen Luftangriffen auf den Gazastreifen nach tödlichen Anschlägen in Südisrael - 19. August: Weitere tödliche Luftangriffe Israels auf Gazastreifen - 19 August: Israelis in Ashdod injured by Gaza rockets on Friday - 19 August: Egypt protests to Israel over killings of security officials - 20 August: Israel continues deadly air strikes on Gaza - 20. August: Kairo zieht Botschafter aus Israel ab - 20 August: Israel regrets killing by its troops after Cairo threatened to withdraw its ambassador and protests in the city - 21 August: Egypt says Israel's regret is not enough - 21 August: Death toll rises in Gaza-Israel violence - 21 August: Cairo meeting of Arab League condemning Israel for Egyptian deaths - 22. August: Brüchige Waffenruhe zwischen Israel und militanten Palästinensern - 24 August: Israel kills Islamic Jihad leader in Gaza air strike - 25. August: Israel setzt tödliche Luftangriffe auf Gazastreifen in der Nacht fort - 27. August: Militante Palästinenser feuern wieder Rakete auf Südisrael - 29 August: Palestinian stabs Israelis in Tel Aviv
March 2012: 3. März: Israelische Soldaten und Beamte stürmen die Studios des palästinensischen Lokalfernsehens Watan TV und des Fernsehprogramms der Kuds-Universität, die nicht mehr senden können - 10 March: At least 11 Palestinians have been killed and a dozen others wounded, including children, in a series of Israeli air strikes on the Gaza Strip, medics say - 11 March: Israel launches fresh air strikes on Gaza - rocket attacks of Gaza militants - 11 mars: Un garçon de 12 ans tué dans le raid israélien au nord de Gaza - 12 March: The Palestinians and Israelis have made rival calls for the UN Security Council to act - 12 mars: Deux Palestiniens ont été tués lundi matin dans la bande de Gaza lors de nouveaux raids aériens israéliens - 12. März: Israel fliegt weitere Angriffe auf den Gazastreifen - 13 March: Israel confirms reaching 'understanding' on truce with Palestinians in the Gaza Strip to end four days of violence - 14. März: Brüchige Waffenruhe - Israels Luftwaffe beantwortet in der Nacht palästinensische Raketenangriffe mit neuen Luftschlägen im Gazastreifen - 30 March: Palestinians set for Land Day demonstrations - 30 March: Demonstrator killed by Israeli troops in Gaza and more than 120 people wounded in riots in the West Bank
October 2012: 8 October: At least one Palestinian killed and number of bystanders injured in an Israeli air strike on the southern part of the Gaza Strip - 8 October: Israeli tanks fire shells at Gaza Strip after Palestinian groups retaliate with rockets for Sunday's deadly Israeli airstrike - 14 October: One Palestinian killed and two others wounded, including a child, in an Israeli air strike in the northern town of Jabaliya - 14 October: Israeli air strikes leave four dead in 24 hours - 24 October: At least four alleged militants have been killed and several other people injured in Israeli air strikes in Gaza - 25 October: Ceasefire between Israel and armed Palestinian groups in Gaza, negotiated with the help of Egypt - 28 October: On Sunday morning an Israeli airstrike on the Gaza Strip kills a Hamas militant and wounded another, after they fired mortar shells at Israeli tanks on an incursion near the southern town of Khan Younes - 29 October: Eleven rockets fired from Gaza into southern Israel without harming anyone, hours after an Israeli air strike killed a Hamas militant
November 2012: 1 November: Israel admits responsibility for 1988 assassination of Khalil al-Wazir (Abu Jihad) in Tunisia - 6 November: Israeli military court sentences Palestinian activist Bassem Tamimi to four months in prison for his part in a protest last month - 8 November: A Palestinian boy has been killed by shots from an Israeli army helicopter in the Gaza Strip - 11 November: At least five Palestinians killed and 30 others wounded in Israeli shelling on two districts east of Gaza City after militants attacked an Israeli jeep, injuring four soldiers - 13 November: The Israeli airforce has launched fresh raids on targets in the Gaza Strip after six rockets were fired at southern Israel - 14 November: Brokered by Egypt, Gaza and Israel agree to hold fire but warn to resume fighting if attacked again - 14/15 November: Air strikes continue as Netanyahu says Israel sent a 'clear message' to Hamas through the killing of its military chief Ahmad Jabari - several other people including children killed - 15 November: In Kiryat Malachi in southern Israel three people have been killed by rockets fired from Gaza, amid escalating violence - 16 November: Israeli military to halt strikes conditionally during Hesham Qandil's brief solidarity meeting with Hamas rulers - 17 November: Gaza children at risk in crowded urban battle zone - 17 November: Four Palestinians are killed, as Israeli warplanes hit Hamas government compounds, tunnels and power transformers - 18 November: Israeli military attacks two buildings used by both Hamas and foreign media outlets - 18 November: Israel is continuing its assault on the Gaza Strip for a fifth straight day, bombarding the Palestinian enclave from both the air and sea - in the morning of this Sunday three rockets fired from Gaza into Israel's coastal city of Ashkelon - 18/19 November: Twelve Palestinians from one family killed in Israeli rocket attack in single biggest loss of life since crisis began - 19 November: Ongoing Israeli offensive amid pressure for Gaza truce - 19 November: Going to Cairo UN's Ban Ki-moon calls for an immediate ceasefire as Israel's pounding of Gaza enters its sixth day - 19 November: Two deaths attributed to shooting by Israeli security forces as anger over Gaza bombardment leads to protests in the West Bank - 20 November: Civilians killed and media centre hit for a second day by Israeli forces as the death toll in the Palestinian territory passes 100 and Gaza ceasefire efforts stepped up - 21 November: Hamas says a Gaza ceasefire agreement is being 'held up' by Israelis, who have yet to confirm that a deal is imminent - 21 novembre: Le bâtiment du bureau de l'AFP à Gaza touché par un raid israélien - 21 November: Israeli forces renew their bombardment on Gaza as Palestinian death toll increases - 22 November: Israel and Hamas agree to truce - 22 November: The ceasefire took hold on Thursday around and in celebrating Gaza after a week of cross-border violence that killed at least 160 people - 23 November: Calm returns as Gaza-Israel ceasefire holds - 23 November: In the first reported killing since the ceasefire between Hamas and Israel Israeli soldiers opened fire at the border near Khan Younis killing one Palestinian and wounding 10 others, but leaving intact the fragile two-day-old cease-fire - 24 November: As part of truce deal, Israel allowing farmers to visit land and fishermen to head further out to sea - 24 November: Tens of thousands of children are returning to school in the Gaza Strip after eight days of cross-border fighting between Israel and Hamas - among 156 killed Palestinians are 33 children, rockets from Gaza killed six Israelis, more than 1.000 Gaza civilians are wounded, dozens of Israelis are hurt, Palestinian Center for Human Rights says - 25 November: As Israel eases Gaza curbs Hamas leader defiant saying that they would go on smuggling in weapons 'by all possible means', including via Iran - 26 novembre: Pourparlers au Caire entre Israël et le Hamas sur le blocus de Gaza
January 2013: 1 janvier: Violents heurts entre soldats israéliens et Palestiniens dans le village de Tamoun lors d'une opération spéciale et déguisée en arabes - 12 January: Israeli troops shot dead a Palestinian trying to sneak from the occupied West Bank into the Jewish State to get to a job - 13 January: Early Sunday Israel forces have forcefully evicted Palestinian and other multi-national activists from a hilltop protest camp they set up in a West Bank area slated for Jewish settlement - 13 January: Just hours after Israeli troops dragged anti-settlement protesters from the site, Israel's Netanyahu pledges to move ahead with building a Jewish settlement in the area - 16 January: A court in Jerusalem has convicted US-born Israeli Jack Teitel of murdering two Palestinians in 1997 - 19 January: 15 Palestinian and Israeli activists arrested, including a woman with her two-year-old baby, trying to access Palestinian lands in the South Hebron Hills and a fifteen year old Palestinian severely wounded after being shot by soldiers - 20 janvier: L'armée israélienne ordonne l'évacuation du camp militant à Beit Iksa en Cisjordanie - 23 January: A Palestinian woman has been shot dead by Israeli troops in the West Bank near al-Arroub College - 26 January: On Saturday around 200 Palestinians demonstrating in solidarity with prisoners held by Israel hurled stones at troops in the West Bank and soldiers responded with tear gas - 28 January: According to a certified map of the West Bank settlement of Eli at least 166 homes in Israeli settlement built on private Palestinian land
February 2013: 2 February: Activists and residents of an area near Burin south of Nablus, protesting illegal Israeli settlement activity, forcefully removed by Israeli authorities - 9 February: Israeli forces removed tents set up by Palestinians in an open area near Hebron, the fifth tent village in the West Bank in the past few weeks - 10 February: Israel's Lieberman says Palestinian peace accord impossible - 15 février: Dizaines de Palestiniens blessés lors d'affrontements en Cisjordanie - 15 February: Israeli soldiers have clashed with Palestinian protesters at a rally in support of the hunger strike to protest incarcerations - 22 February: Thousands rally for Palestinian prisoners - 23 February: A Palestinian medic says a 24-year-old demonstrator was shot in the stomach during clashes between Jewish settlers and Palestinians in the West Bank village of Kusra - 24 February: Palestinian PM Fayyad expressed shock at the death of prisoner Arafat Jaradat in Israeli occupation prison and called for full details of what happened - 24 February: Thousands of Palestinian prisoners in Israeli custody launched a one-day hunger strike Sunday over the death of Arafat Jaradat in Israeli occupation prison - 24 February: Citing a Palestinian doctor who took part in the autopsy Palestinian government is alleging that Arafat Jaradat was tortured to death - 26 février: Une roquette tirée de la bande de Gaza a explosé près d'Ashkelon (sud d'Israël) sans faire de blessé - 26 February 2013: The United Nations has called for an independent inquiry into the death of Palestinian Arafat Jaradat in Israeli custody
March 2013: 1 March: Gunfire in Gaza and clashes in the West Bank as Palestinians mark eight years of protests against separation wall - 4 March: Israel’s Palestinian-only buses draw accusations of segregation and apartheid - 6 March: Palestinian children detained by the Israeli military are subject to widespread, systematic ill-treatment that violates international law, a UNICEF report says - 7 March: Palestinian Mohammed Asfour shot in the head by Israel's military during protests in support of a hunger strike in the occupied West Bank two weeks ago dies of his wounds - 8 March: Israeli police, Palestinians clash at Jerusalem mosque - 11 March: Highway project to connect illegal Israeli settlements threatens to destroy Palestinian neighbourhood in Jerusalem - 13 March: Palestinian Mahmoud AlTiti killed and eight others wounded in Hebron after Israeli troops use live fire on protesters - 21 March 2013: On the second day of President Barack Obama's visit to the region, Gaza militants have fired two rockets at southern Israel, one exploding in the courtyard of a house in the border town of Sderot - 24 March: Hundreds of Israeli police dismantled a Palestinian protest camp on the outskirts of Jerusalem overnight
April 2013: 3 April 2013: After Palestinians launched three rockets at Israel, causing no damage or injuries, Israel launched air strikes (the first such attacks since an eight-day war in November), bombarding an open area in northern Gaza, causing no injuries - 4 April: Israeli troops shoot dead two Palestinians aged 17 and 18 in West Bank as confrontations enter a third day following the death of a Palestinian prisoner - 21 April: Israeli PM Netanyahu vowed Israel would 'exact a price' from the Gaza militants who fired missiles from Sinai at the southern resort city of Eilat on Wednesday - 26 April: Israeli troops break up Palestinian march toward West Bank settlement - 30 April: Israeli stabbed and killed by Palestinian in West Bank's Tapuach Junction - 30 April: The Israel Air Force kills Gaza militant in first targeted strike since Pillar of Defense in 2012
June 2013: 24 June: Israeli military aircraft struck targets in the Gaza Strip after rockets from the territory were launched at Israel, officials say
November 2013: 1 November: Five Israeli soldiers wounded in attack during operation to destroy a part of a tunnel network - 1 novembre: 4 combattants du Hamas tués lors de violents accrochages avec Israël, déclenchés par l'explosion de l'engin explosif - 7 November: A Palestinian man shot dead by Israeli forces after attacking Israelis with fireworks at a junction south of the West Bank city of Nablus - 8 November: Israeli border police shot dead a Palestinian at a checkpoint near Jerusalem, saying the man ran at a border police officer with a knife - 13 November: An Israeli soldier died after a Palestinian youth stabbed him on a bus at the Afula bus station - 14 November: Israeli warplanes bombed two targets in the Gaza Strip after Palestinian militants fired projectiles across the border - 19 November: Israel carried out four air strikes on the Gaza Strip in retaliation for rocket fire against southern Israel - 26 November; Israeli security forces killed two Palestinian militants after attempting to arrest them near the West Bank city of Hebron
December 2013: 7 décembre: Un Palestinien âgé de 15 ans a été tué par l'armée israélienne, lors d'un affrontement dans un camp de réfugiés près de Ramallah - 19 December: Israeli force kills Palestinian during military operation in West Bank - 24 December: Israeli Defense Ministry contract worker killed in Gaza border shooting, in separate incident, Israeli forces shoot Palestinian who approached security fence - 24 December: Israel launched a series of airstrikes Tuesday on targets in the Gaza Strip in retaliation for the deadly shooting of an Israeli civilian, killing at least two people, Hamas says - 26/27 December: After second rocket firing in 24 hours into southern Israel, Israel Air Force strikes Gaza targets, attacking a weapons manufacturing plant and a weapons storage facility according to Israeli military
March 2014: 3 March: One dead, two wounded in Israel Air Force strike on Gaza against group preparing to fire rockets into Israel - 5 March: Israel seizes ship in the Red Sea with medium-range missiles heading from Iran to Gaza as USA military was prepared to get involved in the seizure - 12 March: In response to a barrage of rockets that targeted southern Israel, Israel Air Force carried out strikes in the Gaza Strip Wednesday evening - 14 March: Nine rockets were launched from the Gaza Strip at Israel on Thursday despite an announcement of a cease-fire by the Palestinian militant group Islamic Jihad - 16 March: Palestinian injures four Israeli border policemen, driving a stolen car into group of troops - 22 March: Israeli forces kill four Palestinians in Jenin refugee camp raid to capture a Hamas militant - 27 March: Arabs stab soldier, who is lightly wounded, in East Jerusalem and escape
14/15 June: IAF strikes Gaza after rockets fired from Gaza land in southern Israel - 15 June: Three Israeli teens were kidnapped by terrorist organization, Netanyahu says - 17 June: IAF strikes targets in Gaza in retaliation for rocket attack, Palestinian and two Israelis wounded in West Bank incidents as search for kidnapped students continues - 20 June: IDF soldier lightly wounded and Palestinian teen killed by IDF gunfire during clashes in West Bank - 22 June: Israeli troops reportedly shot dead a Palestinian man in Nablus in their operation to find abducted Israeli teenagers and clashes with stone-throwing Palestinian youths - 23 June: Protesters clash with Israeli, Palestinian forces - 23 June: Concerned by increase of Palestinian casualties and fearing more clashes, Israel's military will shift focus to intelligence gathering in West Bank operation to locate kidnapped teens - 23 June: Palestinians mock kidnapping in video - 23 June: Hamas chief Meshal congratulates the kidnapping of three Israeli teens, says prisoners must be freed from the 'prisons of the occupation' - 24 June: Iron Dome intercepts two rockets fired from Gaza at southern Israel, the fourth such interception since the kidnapping of the three Israeli teens 12 days ago - 25 June: A 3-year-old girl reportedly killed and three other people wounded, including two children, by one of the Kassam rockets exploding in the northern Gaza Strip when launched toward Israel - 25 June: Deal reached with Palestinians to call off administrative detainees' hunger strike is 'a grave mistake', kidnapped teens' families say - 26 June: Clashes after Palestinian shot by Israel Defense Forces dies of wounds - 27 June: Hamas militants named as West Bank kidnappers - 28 June: IDF strikes four targets in Gaza after Iron Dome intercepts two rockets over the Ashkelon area - 30 June: 15 Gaza rockets fired on Israel's south, two homes damaged by shrapnel in Negev
July 2014: 1 July: Israeli forces find bodies of three kidnapped teens, murdered shortly after kidnapping - 1 July: Following over 18 rockets fired at Israel since Sunday evening, Israeli jets strike 34 targets in Gaza Strip - 2 July: Israeli and Palestinian tensions mount after suspected revenge killing of a Palestinian teenager - 3 July: Israeli troops destroyed the family home of Hamas operative Ziad Awad, previously released in the Gilad Shalit prisoner exchange, suspected of murdering a senior police officer on Passover eve - 3 July: One of Gaza rockets scores direct hit on house in Sderot, IAF responds to rockets with air strikes on Gaza targets, rocket fire from Gaza continues on Thursday morning - 4 July: Five rockets fired from the Gaza Strip into southern Israel early Friday morning, Israel-Hamas ceasefire expected - 5 July: Rockets and mortar shells from Gaza continued to batter Israel's south as Palestinians and police clash in East Jerusalem - 6 July: Barrage of rocket fire from Gaza hits Israel's South amid calls for Gaza operation - 6 July: A suspect arrested in connection with the murder of Jerusalem teen Muhammad Abu Khdeir reportedly confessed after being arrested Sunday, implicating a number of other suspects as well - 7 July: Palestinian protests and riots were reported in East Jerusalem neighborhoods, in Israel’s south, in Nazareth and in Nablus, where Palestinians tried to burn Joseph’s Tomb - 7 July: More rockets were fired into Israel's south, one soldier was wounded by shrapnel in the Eshkol Regional Council, Israeli airstrikes across the Gaza Strip killed nine Palestinian militants, two from Islamic Jihad and seven from Hamas when a tunnel collapsed on top of them, Hamas threatened to hit back - 7 July: Three Israelis arrested for the killing of a Palestinian teenager confess to the attack, an Israeli official says
Operation Protective Edge 8 July 2014 – Ongoing - 8 July: After barrage of at least 40 rockets hits deep inside Israel and Hamas threatens to target Tel Aviv, Israel pounds dozens of Gaza targets in major counteroffensive - 9 July: Israel's Iron Dome intercepts two Hamas rockets over Tel Aviv, as some 165 rockets have been fired at Israel over the last 24 hours - 9 July: Syrian-made M302 long-range rocket fired by Hamas at Hadera - 9 July: Terrorist groups in the Gaza Strip fired over 150 rockets into Israel, reaching farther into the country than ever before, and Israeli Air Force jets and Navy ships bombarded Hamas and Islamic Jihad targets - 9 July: Hamas attempted to hit the nuclear reactor in Dimona firing rockets, one intercepted - 10 July: Threatened Israeli towns now in rocket range from both directions, from Hamas and Hezbollah - 10 July: Fatah joins Hamas and Islamic Jihad in missile launches as armed wing linked to Mahmoud Abbas’s faction says it shot rockets at Ashkelon, Sderot and elsewhere - 10 July: While rocket fire from Gaza intensifies and rockets downed over Tel Aviv, many Palestinians killed and injured in Israeli airstrikes on the Gaza Strip - 11 July: Rockets fired at Israel from Lebanon as attacks from Gaza continue, three persons hurt in Ashdod gas station strike, a woman dies on way to shelter after siren sounds in Haifa, several Palestinians killed in IAF airstrikes - 12 July: Hamas continues to fire rockets into Israel and the Palestinian death toll caused by Israeli airstrikes in Gaza reaches 107 - 12/13 July: Rockets from Lebanon at Israel's north, Gaza's police chief wounded and IDF special forces raid long-range rocket launching site in Gaza - 13 July: After rocket barrage on Tel Aviv area, an IDF response with airstrikes and commando raid, and as others towns and regions are attacked with rockets, Hamas rejects Egyptian ceasefire proposal - 14 July: IDF arrests Palestinians in the West Bank linked to Hamas in connection with the kidnapping and murder of three Israeli teenagers last month, as Gaza hospitals are reporting a dire shortage of medicine and equipment - 14 July: As Hamas rocket fire resumes, IDF strikes dozens of targets in Gaza, downs Hamas drone over Ashdod - 14 July 2014: Rockets fired at Israel from southern Lebanon, drawing retaliatory artillery fire from Israeli forces, in the third such rocket attack from Lebanon since Friday - 14/15 July: Egypt proposes Tuesday ceasefire - 15 July: Israel accepts Egyptian ceasefire proposal, Hamas rejects deal as the Arab League, the USA and PA leader Mahmoud Abbas urge approval and as rockets hit Eilat - 15 July: After Hamas rejects ceasefire, rockets rain down on Israel setting off sirens in Tel Aviv, Jerusalem, Beit Shemesh and Israeli civilian volunteer Dror Chanin killed at Erez crossing - 16 July: Hamas rockets shot down over Tel Aviv, IDF warns Gazans of heavy air raids and planes strike homes of Hamas leaders - 17 July: Israel, Hamas accept temporary 5-hour ceasefire set to start at 10 a.m. Thursday - 17 July: IDF thwarts major cross-border attack ahead of humanitarian truce, Israel and Palestinian teams in Cairo for ceasefire contacts - 17/18 July: After Hamas, which failed with a pre-dawn terror attack from a tunnel near a border kibbutz, fired rockets into Israel throughout the day, Israel launches major ground offensive against Hamas - 18 July: IDF soldier Eitan Barak and 14 Hamas fighters reportedly killed in Gaza operation as large numbers of troops tackling Hamas tunnels and its infrastructure - 18 July: Hamas, that rejected ceasefire yesterday, and Gaza militants fire rockets barrage at Israel's south, center and Coastal Plain - 19 July: IDF continues ground offensive after uncovering 13 terror tunnels, as more Hamas rockets target Israel and Abbas speaks to Kerry about need for ceasefire as soon as possible - 20 July: After two soldiers killed in raid and more rockets fired from Gaza on Saturday, Israel's army expands anti-tunnel operation - 20 July: Hamas rockets are targeting Israel, an Israeli civilian killed by a rocket that struck near Dimona in southern Israel, more victims on both sides - 21 July: Kerry heads to Cairo for ceasefire bid, as Israel names soldiers killed in heavy fighting in Hamas stronghold of Shejaiya - 21 July: Israeli casualties as IDF thwarts tunnel attacks from Gaza - 22 July: A 25-year-old Israeli man is in serious condition after being shot in the West Bank by a Palestinian gunman, in a suspected terrorist attack - 22 July: As more rockets fired at central Israel, striking greater Tel Aviv, Ashdod schoolyard, causing damage to Yehud home, and as Hamas still trying to carry out attacks in Israel through tunnels, more Israelis and Palestinians victims of conflict escalated by Hamas - 22 July: For the second time in less than a week, Hamas rockets have been found in a school in Gaza operated by the UNRWA - 22/23 July: UN’s Ban in Tel Aviv condemns rocket fire and calls for return to talks, but Hamas is still trying to carry out attacks in Israel through tunnels, rockets are still being fired and Israel's Protective Edge continues - 23 July 2014: UN's Ban Ki-moon is 'alarmed' to hear that rockets placed in UN-run school in Gaza now 'have gone missing', demanding a full review - 24 July: As death toll in the Gaza/Israel conflict rises, officials indicate that ceasefire may take time - 24 July 2014: Parents in Gaza and Israel do not want their children to grow up to kill or be killed in a senseless war that has no end - 24 July: More than a dozen Palestinians killed when UNRWA school in Beit Hanoun hit by a projectile - 25 July: Iron Dome intercepts rocket over Eilat - 25 July: Two Palestinians killed and about 200 wounded in West Bank clashes, as USA's John Kerry presents new cease-fire proposal and Hamas and Israel will respond today - 26 July: After more Israelis and Palestinians died and also West Bank violence continued to escalate, 12-hour humanitarian truce in effect until 8 pm - 26 July: USA's John Kerry in Paris to meet with European foreign ministers to promote a cease-fire in Gaza - 26 July: Israeli official says, that Israel agrees to extend Gaza cease-fire by four hours, three rockets fired at Israel just after 8 p.m., not clear if Hamas agrees to extension - 26/27 July: As Israel agrees to extend ceasefire until midnight on Sunday at request of UN, truce in peril after Hamas resumes its attacks on Israel, firing rockets and later rejecting Israel's offer to extend a humanitarian cease-fire - 27 July: IDF resumes naval, air strikes after hours of rocket fire from Gaza - 27 July: Hamas reportedly in talks to buy missiles from North Korea - 28 July: After Israeli and PA criticism of John Kerrys handling of the Gaza crisis UN security council agrees on demand for Gaza cease-fire, but Hamas rocket fire continues - 29 July: As John Kerry now says that disarmament of Hamas and all terrorist groups needs to be part of any framework that ends the current conflict, more rockets fired at Tel Aviv and central Israel, intense Israeli bombing reported and more victims on both sides - 30 July: Rockets fired at Israel, heavy fighting reported in Gaza City, as Hamas military chief says no halt without lifting blockade and Israeli troops destroy 3 tunnels and military facilities, discover weapons, maps and explosives - 30 July: Video showing Hamas gunmen emerging from a tunnel, infiltrating an Israeli army base and killing five soldiers, demonstrates why Gaza operation must go on, Israeli officials say - 30 July: In Israel, 79-year-old Holocaust survivor worries about her Gazan daughter - 30 July: Hamas launches rockets at Tel Aviv area, rockets intercepted over Ashkelon, Ashdod, sirens sounds in Rishon LeZion and Rehovot - 30 July 2014: As Israeli cities targeted by waves of Palestinian rockets and the seek-and-destroy mission of locating and eradicating Hamas network of tunnels revealed to extend deep into Israeli territory, there is a fighting over casualty lists and images - 30 July 2914: Three Israeli soldiers were killed and 15 injured in an explosion at a booby-trapped UNRWA 'health clinic' in Gaza's Khan Yunis that housed the opening of a Hamas tunnel for terrorist attacks on Israel - 30 July: Jerusalem area comes under rocket fire after quiet week - 31 July: In a relatively quiet night three rockets were fired at the Eshkol and Sha'ar HaNegev regional councils, a grad rocket was fired at Be'er Sheva on Thursday morning - 31 July: An Israeli delegation spent several hours in Cairo discussing Egypt’s efforts to broker a cease-fire in the Gaza Strip
August 2014: 1 August 2014: Israel and Hamas agree to a 72-hour humanitarian ceasefire beginning Friday, IDF will still tackle tunnels, Israeli and Palestinian teams will go to Cairo for talks on a more durable truce - 1 August: UN condemns Hamas truce violation (killing two Israeli soldiers and abducting a third), Obama calls for unconditional release of captured Israeli soldier Hadar Goldin, 90 rockets fired at Israel, several Israelis hurt by mortar fire, ongoing IDF strikes at Hamas targets in Gaza and tunnel demolitions - 2 August: Gazan terrorists launched rockets at Israel's largest population centers in the Tel Aviv metropolitan area early Saturday morning, rocket sirens heard in Tel Aviv, Bnei Brak, Givat Shmuel, Givatayim, Ramat Gan, Givat Hashlosha, Gat, Rimon, Kfar Sirkin, Petah Tikva, Ra'anana, and Iron Dome intercepts more rockets - 2 August: Rocket barrage fired at central Israel, Israel bombards Gaza as it searches for missing soldier Hadar Goldin - 2 August: Finnish reporter admits Gaza rockets launched from hospital - 3 August: Soldier Hadar Goldin is dead, not kidnapped, IDF says - 3 August: Army will redeploy according to Israel’s security needs once last tunnels demolished, Israeli PM Netanyahu says as more Hamas rockets are fired at Israel - 3 August: Israeli army confirmed the death of missing soldier Lieutenant Hadar Goldin: 'What we know for sure was that one suicide bomber and at least three or four other gunmen came out of a tunnel. One blew himself up, killing two on the spot, and the others were shooting — they grabbed Hadar and snatched him down into the tunnel. Only in the aftermath, with the forensic investigation, were we able to conclude that he was killed,' the army says - 4 August: Pulling most troops from Gaza Israel declares 7-hour truce for Monday, but rocket fire at Israel's south persists - 4 August: Pedestrian Avraham Walz killed and six people injured in excavator terror attack in Jerusalem - 5 August: An Israeli soldier seriously wounded when he was shot in the stomach at a bus stop in Jerusalem by a man who fled on a motorbike - 4/5 August: Israel, Hamas agree to Egypt proposal for 72-hour truce, officials in Cairo for talks on long-term deal after military says all tunnels from Gaza into Israel destroyed - 5 August: Israeli army pulls out of Gaza as ceasefire begins - 5 August: According to Gaza officials, 1,867 Palestinians were killed, including 750-1000 Hamas, Islamic Jihad and other militants, IDF says, adding that Hamas and Islamic Jihad launched 3,356 rockets during the course of the war - 5 August: Israel arrests suspected Hamas-linked ringleader of cell that murdered teens in June - 5 August: An Indian TV-reporter witnessed and filmed a Hamas rocket silo being created under a tent right next to the hotel where the TV-team was staying, and minutes later the rocket being fired - 6 August: Egypt government reportedly pushing for Palestinian Authority to manage Gaza rehabilitation and Rafah crossing - 6 August: Suspected head of the terror cell that killed Israelis in June tells interrogators that money for attack came from Gaza's Hamas - 7 August: Israel agrees to ceasefire extension, Hamas does not, gives up on immediate demand for airport, seaport but threatening to renew rocket fire - 7 August: Gaza archbishop admits Greek Orthodox compound, which sheltered hundreds of Palestinians during shelling, used by Hamas as launching site firing rockets from church - 8 August 2014: As Gaza rocket fire on Israel continues, Hamas spokesman Abu Zuhri says his organization rejects a ceasefire extension deal but will continue negotiations - 8 August: Dozens of rockets fired at Israel as Hamas ends ceasefire, IDF hits back - 9 August: Due to Hamas rockets talks on new ceasefire in Cairo remain deadlocked - 9 August: 70 rockets fired at Israel since Friday, IDF warns Hamas of continued strikes - 10 August 2014: Israeli government says no negotiations under fire as rocket fire on Israel continues, as Hamas says it will quit Cairo and Gazans in addition to hundreds of victims, destruction and unemployment struggle with rising prices - 10 August: Israel agrees to 72-hour ceasefire with Hamas to begin at midnight - 11 August: After massive rocket fire on Israel's south on Sunday, Gaza ceasefire steady as Israeli delegates said to arrive in Cairo - 12 August: Israel reportedly sees another 72 hours needed to reach a 2014 deal with Hamas, as Egypt says it will not discuss Rafah crossing with Palestinians until long-term truce - 13 August: After new Egyptian ceasefire proposal, that would ease but not lift blockade of Gaza and postpone Israeli calls for Hamas to disarm to later negotiations, Cairo ceasefire talks to resume - 13/14 August: After Israel and Hamas agreed to extend ceasefire by five days tenuous new truce appears to hold - 15 August: Hamas officials reportedly say group interested in long-term ceasefire - 15 August: Draft terms for long-term Gaza truce revealed in Egyptian newspaper, including agreements to open border crossings and to deploy PA security forces in the Strip - 17 August: After Gaza rulers threaten Israel with war of attrition and Abbas urges defiant Hamas to accept ceasefire terms, Israel and Hamas envoys expected back in Cairo to resume ceasefire talks - 18 August: Egypt looking to extend truce as Abbas expected in Cairo and Israel braces for rockets Monday night - 19 August: Cairo talks ongoing after 24-hour extension of Israel-Gaza truce - 20 August: After Hamas ended truce and as its rocket fire renews with sunrise, Israel confirms attempted hit on Hamas commander Muhammad Deif - 26 August: Talks in Cairo lead to long-term ceasefire accord, though central demands of both sides postponed for later negotiations
September 2014: 10 September: Palestinian killed by Israeli fire during West Bank clash - 10/11 September: Israel's Military Advocate General instructed the Military Police to open criminal investigations into five Gaza war cases in which the IDF is suspected of violating international law - 12 September: Two weeks after the end of the Gaza war even Hamas acknowledges its forces fired rockets from civilian areas - 16 September: 2014 war left four million tons of rubble in Gaza, says environmental group - 16 September: Gaza mortar shell lands in Israel for first time since cease-fire - 16 September: Israel and Palestinians reach Gaza reconstruction deal under UN supervision - 23 September: Two main Palestinian suspects behind the kidnapping and murder of three Israeli teens on June 12 killed during capture attempt
October 2014: 12 octobre: La communauté internationale va tenter au Caire de réunir 4 milliards de dollars réclamés par l'Autorité palestinienne pour la reconstruction de la bande de Gaza, dévastée par la guerre - 13 October: Donor conference in Cairo pledges $5.4 billion in Gaza aid - 17 October: A Palestinian boy was shot and killed by Israeli soldiers when he threw a firebomb at a unit leaving the village of Beit Liqia - 23 October: A three-month old baby was killed in Jerusalem and eight other people wounded when Palestinian Al-Shaludi's speeding car drove onto a pavement crowded with pedestrians - 23 October: Violence in capital continues as Palestinians hurl stones at kindergarten in east Jerusalem - 23/24 October: Hamas calls for escalation of violence in Jeruslaem, as two men werde injured in Tel Aviv stabbing - 25 October: Palestinian-American teen killed by IDF gunfire during West Bank clashes - 26 October: Assailants throw stones at Jerusalem Light Rail near Beit Hanina - 27 October: Karen Yemima Mosquera, who died of her wounds sustained during Wednesday terrorist attack in Jerusalem, was laid to rest before dawn on Monday - 27 October: Firebombs were thrown at a police force in east Jerusalem's Silwan neighborhood Monday night - 29 October: Yehuda Glick, an advocate for greater Jewish access to Temple Mount, seriously wounded in a witnessed drive-by shooting by an Arab man outside the Menachem Begin Heritage Center in Jerusalem - 30 October: Palestinian Muatnaz Hijazi, suspected of shooting Yehuda Glick, opened fire on Israeli forces who arrived at his home to arrest him and was shot dead - 31 October: Police were set to reopen the Temple Mount to visitors on Friday, despite calls from Fatah to hold a 'day of rage' in Jerusalem and the West Bank
November/December 2014: 1 November: Clashes in West Bank as flashpoint mosque in Jerusalem reopens - 1 November: Gaza rocket or mortar shell fired at Israel, second since Operation Protective Edge, no damage reported - 5 November: A Border Police officer killed and 13 people wounded when the car of Ibrahim al-Akri from Shoafat hits pedestrians in a Jerusalem terror attack - 7 November: Jerusalem vehicular attack claims second victim 17-year-old Shalom Badani - 18 November: Rabbi Moshe Twersky, Americans and a Briton killed in Jerusalem synagogue terror attack - 1 December: A Palestinian woman stabbed an Israeli civilian in the Etzion bloc of Jewish settlements near Jerusalem and was then shot and wounded by security forces - 4 December: After stabbing at his West Bank store, supermarket owner Levy calls on public not to be deterred, so assailants don’t achieve their goals - 11 December: Conflicting accounts of Israeli and Palestinian officials over the results of an autopsy on Palestinian minister Ziad Abu Ein who died at a West Bank protest - 12 December: Israeli family attacked with acid in West Bank - 16 December: Palestinian killed in early morning clash with IDF troops attacked during arrest operation in Qalandiya refugee camp - 19 December: A third rocket fired from Gaza since the end of the 50-day war in August hit southern Israel, without causing casualties or damage, Israeli police says - 20 December: IDF identifies four rocket launch tests from Gaza into sea in past 24 hours - 20 December: Following earlier rocket fire IDF aircraft strike targets Hamas terror infrastructure in the southern Gaza Strip - 24 December: After Palestinian snipers opened fire at troops guarding construction work at the security fence near the southern Gaza Strip and wounded an IDF soldier seriously, IDF responded with tank and aircraft fire and killed Hamas Al-Qassam Brigades' Taysr Asmiri - 26 December: 11-year-old Ayala Shapira in serious condition after vehicle hit by Molotov cocktail outside Ma’ale Shomron settlement - 26 December: Two Border Police officers were stabbed and lightly hurt near the Old City’s Lions Gate in East Jerusalem Friday morning - 27 December: Palestinian men behind Ma’ale Shomron firebombing confess to carrying out attack, Shin Bet says - 29 December: An Israeli, entering Hebron, gets beaten and robbed - 30 December: IDF returns fire at Palestinian vehicle, injuring two - 31 December: Palestinian Kawasme convicted of masterminding summer abduction and murder of Israelis near Hebron
January-June 2015: 3 January: Three Palestinians reportedly injured during clashes with Israeli settlers and IDF troops near Nablus - 6 January: The mastermind behind the kidnapping and murder of three Israeli teenagers in June 2014 sentenced to three life terms in prison - 21 January 2015: Several people injured in knife attack on Tel Aviv bus leaving at least four in serious condition, before suspected Palestinian attacker was shot and captured and as Hamas official praises terror attack, calling it 'a brave and heroic act' - 31 January: A Palestinian man shot dead by Israeli army troops when two men throw firebombs at cars near Yitzhar, south of Nablus - 9 February: After weapons and explosives cache found in underground passage leading from Gaza into Israel, IDF destroys 2014 discovered Gaza tunnel - 13 February 2015: Examining 247 airstrikes that hit residential compounds, out of the some 5,000 Israeli strikes during Gaza war 2014, AP report finds that 508 of those dead - just over 60 percent - were children, women and older men, all presumed to be civilians - 22 February: A Jewish man stabbed in the stomach by a Palestinian assailant near the entrance to the Old City of Jerusalem is reportedly in moderate condition - 24 February: One Palestinian killed and one soldier wounded in clash with Israeli army near Bethlehem - 24 February: Hamas warns it could 'surprise' Israel more than last Gaza war - 25 February: A mosque in a village near Bethlehem was set alight early Wednesday morning and anti-Arab graffiti was daubed on it walls, no reports of injuries - 6 March: Five people including policewomen wounded in a terror attack in Jerusalem by an assailant wielding an iron rod who first plowed his car into a crowd - 26 March: Citing indiscriminate fire and use of civilians for cover during fighting, rights group says also armed Palestinian organizations committed war crimes during the 2014 Gaza-Israel conflict - 26 March: 20-year-old Palestinian Ali Mahmoud Safi who was seriously injured in clashes with IDF troops near Ramallah last week died of his wounds - 8 April: An Israeli national suffered stab wounds in Shiloh in the northern West Bank after a Palestinian assailant attacked him with a knife - 16 April: Man killed, woman badly injured in possible Jerusalem car attack under investigation by police - 19 April: Second victim Shira Klein of Wednesday’s apparent terror attack in Jerusalem still in serious but stable condition - 24 April: Israel fires at Gaza site after rocket strike - 25 April: 16-year-old Palestinian shot dead in attempt to stab a border police officer at a checkpoint near Ma’aleh Adumim - 27 April: Palestinian Koutineh indicted for killing Israeli Shalom Sherki and attempted murder of Shira Klein in Jerusalem car-ramming on April 15 - 28 April: 18-year-old Palestinian, who was shot by Israeli troops while trying to cross the security barrier in the northern West Bank, died of his injuries - 15 May 2015: Palestinian 'Nakba Day' protests in Jerusalem, Gaza, Lebanon mark the 'catastrophe' of the establishment of Israel in 1948, in West Bank at least 17 Palestinians wounded in clashes with IDF - 18 May: Israel's 'Jerusalem Day' ends in clashes with Palestinians - 20 May: Palestinian Amran Abu Dhaim, who plowed his vehicle into a group of border policemen in Jerusalem, reportedly had Hamas ties and was related to the gunman responsible for an attack in 2008 that killed eight Jewish students - 24 May: Two Israeli teens stabbed and injured by a Palestinian suspect near Jerusalem’s Damascus Gate - 27 May: After rocket attack, Israeli jets strike targets in Gaza Strip - 4 June 2015: Israeli planes strike Gaza after rockets hit south and as Salafist group takes responsibility for rocket fire - 7 June: Israeli jets hit Gaza in retaliation for rocket attack on southern Israel - 10 June: A Palestinian man claimed by Hamas as a member was shot and killed by Israeli security forces, after he attempted to hurl a bomb at troops in the Jenin refugee camp - 11 June 2015: Rocket shot from Gaza toward Ashkelon region in fresh attack, as Israel's army says there were indications the rocket had hit a house inside the strip - 12 June 2015: Israeli army ends probe into strike that killed four Gaza children in July 2014 - 14 June: Palestinian man, suspected of throwing a Molotov cocktail at the IDF soldiers, killed their jeep flips near Ramallah - 14 June: Two police officers lightly hurt when car rams into patrol on Herzog street and cop lightly wounded in East Jerusalem riot - 19/20 June 2015: Hamas linked group asserting responsibility for killing of Danny Gonen from Lod on Friday is named after terrorists who murdered 3 Israeli teens last summer - 21 June: Israeli border policeman critically wounded in a stabbing attack at the Damascus Gate in Jerusalem, but managed to shoot the attacker before collapsing - 24 June: An Israeli farmer who was found badly beaten in a field in central Israel, allegedly by Palestinians who were in Israel illegally, succumbed to his injuries hours later - 29 June: Female Israeli soldier wounded in Bethlehem stabbing attack - 29 June: Four Israelis injured in suspected drive-by shooting near Shvut Rachel West Bank settlement - 30 June 2015: Malachi Moshe Rosenfeld wounded in West Bank terror shooting dies in Jerusalem hospital
July–December 2015 List of violent incidents in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict: July–December 2015 List of violent incidents in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
July 2015: 3 July 2015: Palestinian stone-thrower killed by IDF troops near the Qalandiya checkpoint between Jerusalem and Ramallah - 6 July 2015: A year after the war, Gaza grieves for its child casualties - 9 July 2015: Hamas holding 2 Israelis captive in Gaza for months - 15 July 2015: A Palestinian assailant, a teenage girl, stabbed an Israeli soldier, outside the Israeli settlement of Nahliel in the West Bank - 16 July 2015: After Gaza rocket hits area near southern city of Ashkelon, Israel's air force strikes hours later in response - 20 July: Palestinians freed in Shalit deal in 2011 killed six Israelis since 2014 - 23 July: IDF soldiers kill Palestinian Falah Abu Maria during arrest raid in the village of Beit Omar - 26 July: Palestinian rioters attack police on Temple Mount, wounding several with rocks, Molotov cocktails with the intention of attacking thousands of Jewish worshipers gathered nearby for prayers to commemorate the destruction of the first and second Jewish Temples - 27 July: A Palestinian youth fell to his death from a roof after he was shot by Israeli soldiers who were attempting to arrest him in Qalandia
August 2015: 1 August 2015: Hamas blamed the Israeli government for the the deadly arson attack in Douma on Friday, and called for a 'fitting response' from Palestinians - 1 August 2015: Palestinian killed by IDF fire in the West Bank, another said to be killed in north Gaza approaching border fence with Israel in protest at deadly West Bank arson attack - 2 August: Slain baby’s grandfather Hussein Dawabsha hopes he was 'the last casualty of this terror war', saying he helped build the Israeli hospital where his daughter is fighting for her life after Molotov cocktail attack - 2 August: Two rockets fired from Gaza, land near border fence - 3 August: Three people injured in a Jerusalem firebombing attack on an Israeli car Monday night - 7 August: After a rocket shot from Gaza landed in Israel, Israeli planes struck a Hamas military facility in the central Gaza Strip - 8 August: Saad Dawabsha, the father of Palestinian baby killed in Duma arson attack, dies of injuries - 9 August: Israeli man lightly wounded in stabbing north of Jerusalem, assailant killed - 10 August: Israeli Yehuda Ben Moyal who was stabbed multiple times by a Palestinian terrorist in gas station attack says Arab onlookers didn’t help him - 15 August: IDF soldier lightly wounded in stabbing north of Jerusalem, Palestinian attacker shot and wounded at scene - 19 August: An explosive device was detonated on the Tunnel Bypass Road in Jerusalem, moderately wounding an Israeli soldier - 27 August: After Gaza rocket explodes in Eshkol region, Israel's air force targets Hamas' weapons facility - 30 August: An Israeli resident of the West Bank injured in drive-by shooting attack by unknown assailants
September 2015: 1 September 2015: Rocket fired from Gaza lands on Palestinian side of the border - 1 September 2015: Israeli officer wounded in shootout with Palestinians in Jenin - 7 September: Riham Dawabsha is the third member of her family to succumb to injuries from July arson attack, only 5-year-old Ahmed survives - 9 September: Shots fired at Israeli woman in an apparent drive-by shooting south of Nablus, woman was treated for shock - 13 September: Clashes between Palestinians and police rock temple mount on eve of Rosh Hashanah - 14 September: Clashes resume at Temple Mount after day of violence, arrests following operation that led to discovery of pipe bombs at the site - 14 September: An Israeli man died after sustaining critical wounds in a car crash in Jerusalem late Sunday night, which police suspect may have been caused by stone throwing - 15 September: After protesters in al-Aqsa Mosque hurl stones at access point to Temple Mount, police enters the compound clashing for third day - 15 September: Stones thrown by Palestinians, injuring an Israel soldier near Nablus, in the East Jerusalem neighborhood of Shuafat, and a Molotov cocktail thrown at an Israeli vehicle near Alon Moreh - 16 September: In Israel, more Jewish holy sites desecrated than Christian, Muslim ones combined, Common Ground study says, documenting religious violence since 2011 - 16 September: A rocket fired from the Gaza Strip at Israel early Wednesday fell short of the border and landed in the Palestinian coastal territory - 17 September: Bus attacked with stones by Palestinians as it was driving through East Jerusalem’s Ras al-Amud neighborhood and set ablaze, driver flees bus after being attacked with stones - 18 September: Iron Dome intercepts Gaza rocket over Ashkelon, hours after a similar attack near a residential area of Sderot causing some damage to property, several people needed treatment for shock - 19 September: Following rocket fire late Friday at cities in southern Israel, Israeli jets bombed targets in the northern Gaza Strip early Saturday morning - 20 September: Israeli motorists pelted with stones in several West Bank areas - 21 September: An IDF soldier wounded after his unit was attacked by rocks and Molotov cocktails throwing Palestinians near the Tomb of Joseph outside the West Bank city of Nablus - 21 September: A rocket was fired into southern Israel's Ashkelon region from Gaza Strip early Monday morning, causing neither injury nor damage - 22 September: After attempting to stab an Israeli soldier in Hebron a Palestinian woman was shot and injured, hours after suspected teenage terrorist blows himself up near Hebron - 27 September: On last day of Eid al-Adha, rocks and firecrackers thrown at Israeli security forces, as police clash with Palestinians on Temple Mount in fresh violence - 28 September: Firebombs, rocks hurled at police on Temple Mount as rioting renews - 30 September: Israel strikes Gaza in response to rocket fire
October 2015: 1 October: A woman and her 6-month-old baby were lightly wounded when their car was pelted with rocks by Palestinians south of Jerusalem - 2 October 2015: Fatah armed wing claims responsibility for terror attack that killed Eitam and Naama Henkin, while they were driving home with their four children near Itamar - 3 October: Two Israeli men died of their wounds after being stabbed in Jerusalem’s Old City in a terror attack, as one man’s wife was in serious condition and their two-year-old baby was lightly wounded - 4 October: In second attack, Israeli teen stabbed near Jerusalem’s Old City reportedly in moderate condition, assaulting Palestinian Israeli shot dead by police - 4 October: After four people killed, several wounded in multiple terror attacks, Israel decides to prohibit Palestinians from entering site of Temple Mount - 5 October: 'I yelled 'please help me!' and they just spat at me', says Adele Banita of the surrounding Palestinian shopkeepers whom she said looked on and did nothing as Palestinian Halabi attacked her family in the Old City, giving account of terror assault in which her husband Aharon and Old City resident Nehemia Lavi were murdered - 5 October: An 18-year-old Palestinian was shot dead by Israeli forces in clashes near the West Bank city of Tulkarem - 5 October: After missiles launched from Palestinian territory and one exploded in Eshkol region, Israeli aircraft struck 'a Hamas terror site in the northern Gaza Strip' - 5 October: 5-man Hamas cell that killed Naama and Eitam Henkin arrested - 5 October: Third Palestinian youth said killed in clashes with IDF - 7 October: Israeli woman injured in a wave of West Bank rock throwing and other attacks - 7 October: A Palestinian woman stabbed an Israeli man in the Old City of Jerusalem on Wednesday morning and was then shot at the scene - 8 October: Israeli soldier moderately injured in Afula in fourth Palestininan stabbing of day, as crowds in Afula at the scene attacked a Channel 2 TV crew broadcasting, as nine police hurt during fighting in Shuafat refugee camp, as confounding Arab League condemns 'aggressive and racist Israeli practices', and as USA's State Department says Palestinian stabbings are 'acts of terror' - 9 October: Several people - Israelis and Palestinians - dead or wounded as violence continues in Israel and Palestinian territories - 10 October: More injured and dead people as riots and clashes between Palestinians and police continue - 10 October: Rocket from Gaza hits southern Israel - 11 October: Rock throwing incidents continue into the night - 11 October: Israel's Iron Dome anti-missile defense system shot down a rocket fired from the Gaza Strip over the Hof Ashkelon region in southern Israel Saturday night - 11 October: Following rocket attacks at Israeli towns, Israeli jets bomb two Hamas installations in Gaza - 11 October: Palestinian woman seriously injured after detonating a bomb in her car near Ma’ale Adumim outside Jerusalem, wounding police officer - 12 October: Gaza cleric Muhammad Sallah, brandishing knife during Friday sermon, calls on young men in West Bank to form 'stabbing squads' to stab Jews - 12 October: Tensions between Israel and the Palestinians continue as four Israelis were stabbed by an Israeli Arab assailant in northern Israel on Sunday evening and as an assailant tried to stab a border policeman in Jerusalem before being shot by security forces on Monday morning - 13 October: Terrorists open fire and stab people on bus in Armon Hanatziv, run car into pedestrians in center of capital, more injured in separate knife attacks in central town of Ra’anana, as violence in Israel and Palestinian territories reportedly continues - 14 October: Army units to bolster Israeli police forces following multiple terror attacks in Jerusalem and Central Israel - 15 October: Israel releases photos of hospitalized Palestinian boy Abbas claimed was 'executed', but was injured after taking part in a stabbing attack in Jerusalem - 15 October: 13-year-old Palestinian Ahmed who allegedly took part in a stabbing spree in which an Israeli his age was critically wounded Monday, and who PA President Mahmoud Abbas claimed was killed in cold blood by Israeli police, reportedly admitted Thursday to carrying out the attack in the Jerusalem neighborhood of Pisgat Zeev - 16 October: Palestinian rioters set fire to Joseph’s Tomb in Nablus - 16 October: Amid ongoing violence Israeli police limits access to Temple Mount for Friday prayers to men over the age of 40 and women - 17 October: In the string of Palestinian stabbing attacks, assailant critically wounded by his would-be victim - 17 October: In the second such incident in less than an hour a Palestinian man was shot dead after he tried to stab Border Police officers in Jerusalem’s Armon Hanatziv neighborhood on Saturday morning - 18 October: Jews attacked at Joseph’s Tomb in Nablus by Palestinian police, extracted by IDF - 18 October: Hamas praises 'quality' terror attack in Beersheba, that left an IDF soldier dead and several more people injured - 20 October: IDF officer lightly injured in West Bank stabbing and an Israeli wounded near Hebron when Palestinian hurled objects at his car, as incitement and violence continues - 21 October: Israeli injured in suspected West Bank car-ramming attack - 22 October: Attacks on Wednesday left six Israelis injured by car rammings, one by stabbing and rockets fired from Gaza land in open area, as Hamas chief Mashaal says in South Africa that attacks on Israelis will go on - 23 October: Israeli soldier stabbed in West Bank, hits assailant in the knee as violence continues amid renewed calls for restraint - 25 October: One person injured in West Bank stabbing attack outside settlement of Metzad south of Jerusalem, after exiting his car when it was pelted with stones - 25 October: A Palestinian man stabbed an Israeli at a bus stop on the side of a West Bank highway near the settlement of Ariel, as Hamas’s chief Haniyeh declared Sunday that 'no power in the world' would be able to stop the ongoing surge in Palestinian violence against Israel - 25 October: Rabbi Haim Rothman, who was in a coma since terror attack that killed 5 others last year, died of his wounds on Saturday - 26 October: An Israeli soldier reportedly wounded in stabbing attack near the Beit Einun junction, north of Hebron, attacker shot and killed - 26 October: IAF strikes Gaza after rocket hits southern Israel - 27 October: Richard Lakin, who was critically injured in a terror attack on a bus in Jerusalem’s Armon Hanatziv neighborhood two weeks ago, succumbed to his wounds at the Hadassah Ein Kerem hospital - 29 October: Palestinian assailant shot and killed by security forces, after IDF soldier lightly wounded in Hebron stabbing - 30 October: Two Palestinians attempt stabbing attack in West Bank - 30 October: An eight-month-old Palestinian baby has died after inhaling teargas inside his family home in Beit Fajjar south of Bethlehem, on another day of killings and clashes in the West Bank - 31 October: A Palestinian armed with a knife trying to stab Israeli guards at a crossing near Jenin was shot dead
November 2015: 2 November 2015: One Palestinian killed, another arrested near checkpoint north of Jenin, in a second suspected stabbing attempt in three days - 3 November: Four Israelis stabbed in separate attacks, Palestinian attacker dead as violence spikes - 8 November 2015: Five Israelis including a pregnant woman were wounded in West Bank car-ramming and stabbing attacks, two of them seriously in the car-ramming attack at Tapuah Junction, assailants were shot - 8 November 2015: A 19-year-old Border Policeman who was critically wounded in a vehicular attack last week in the West Bank died of his wounds - 9 November 2015: Israel strikes Hamas site in Gaza after rocket attack - 10 November: Two Arab teens stab Jerusalem light rail guard in Pisgat Ze’ev - 12 November: Undercover Israeli troops raid Hebron hospital and kill a Palestinian during an attempt to detain another man suspected of carrying out a stabbing - 14 November: An Israeli father and son were shot dead in an apparent ambush near Hebron Friday on a day that also saw three Palestinians die after being shot by Israeli soldiers - 16 November: Israeli troops shot dead at least two Palestinians during a confrontation in Qalandia near Ramallah - 18 November 2015: Gaza rocket fire prompts IDF retaliatory strike - 19 November: Five people have been killed and up to a dozen injured in two attacks by Palestinians in Tel Aviv and the Gush Etzion bloc of settlements in the occupied West Bank - 22 November: Four Israelis were stabbed and wounded in the southern city of Kiryat Gat on Saturday while violence continued to roil the West Bank - 22 November: A Palestinian girl from Nablus tried to stab Israelis and was fatally run down by a Jewish settler in the West Bank on Sunday while, in a second incident a Palestinian was shot dead after an attempted attack - 22 novembre: Une Israélienne a succombé à ses blessures dimanche après avoir été poignardée par un Palestinien en Cisjordanie occupée - 23 November: On Monday morning a rocket fired from the Gaza Strip exploded in an open area in the Eshkol Regional Council - 23 November: On Monday morning two people injured in a stabbing attack near Jerusalem’s Mahane Yehuda market, security forces shoot both assailants, killing one - 25 November: Israeli soldier seriously injured in Hebron-area stabbing attack, assailant dies after being shot during attack - 26 November: A Palestinian man tried to stab security forces at a checkpoint near Tapuah and was shot and killed during the attack - 26 November: 11-year-old Palestinian boy, who stabbed train guard in the head, says he 'wanted to die a martyr' - 27 November: Six Israeli soldiers were wounded in a second car-ramming attack at the entrance to the village of Beit Ummar - 29 November: Israeli border police shot dead a Palestinian who stabbed an officer in Jerusalem on Sunday - 30 November: Israeli police shot dead a Palestinian teenager in Jerusalem on Sunday night after a day of violence in the city left two people wounded and an attacker killed - 30 November: Two Jewish minors were found guilty on Monday of the 2014 murder of Palestinian teenager Mohammed Abu Khudair in Jerusalem
December 2015: 1 December: Palestinian woman shot dead as she tries to stab an IDF officer at Einav Junction - 3 December: Two Israelis hurt in shooting north of Jerusalem, attacker shot dead at Hizme checkpoint - 3 December: Israel says suspects arrested over July arson attack on a Palestinian home in Duma - 4 December: Three Palestinians were reported injured in an Israeli artillery strike on the Gaza Strip Friday morning - 8 December: Palestinian killed during clash with Israeli soldiers in Bethlehem - 11 December: Palestinian driver killed as he attempts to ram soldiers north of Hebron - 14 December: Israeli jets targeted 2 Hamas posts in the Gaza Strip, hours after a rocket fired from the territory exploded in Israel - 15 December: The terrorist who carried out a car-ramming attack, that injured 14 people, including a baby, in Jerusalem on Monday was a member of Hamas - 16 décembre: Deux Palestiniens ont lancé leurs voitures contre des soldats israéliens lors d'une opération de l'armée dans un camp de réfugiés près de Ramallah et sont tués - 17 December: West Bank stabbing attempt thwarted by Israeli soldiers outside Nablus - 20 December: A Palestinian woman attempting to stab a policeman in Hebron on Sunday morning shot by security forces - 22 December: Israeli soldiers arrest knife-wielding Palestinian woman in Hebron - 22 December: In suspected extremist attack smoke grenades thrown into home near Ramallah where a Palestinian couple and their 9-month-old baby boy were sleeping - 23 December: At least three Israelis wounded, one critically, in a stabbing attack Wednesday at the Old City’s Jaffa Gate in Jerusalem - 24 December 2015: Four people dead in Jerusalem stabbings, after an Israeli stabbed to death, and Palestinian assailants shot - 24 December: Driver shot and killed at Adam junction north of Jerusalem after running car into soldiers on side of road - 24 December: One Palestinian died and one Israeli soldier injured during an exchange of gunfire in the Qalandiya refugee camp in the West Bank - 26 décembre 2015: Un Palestinien tué dans une attaque contre un policier - 28 December: Palestinian dies of wounds days after being shot in fence clash east of the Maghazi refugee camp in the center of the Hamas-ruled coastal strip - 30 December: Israeli father-of-two Genadi Kaufman who was stabbed outside of Hebron’s Tomb of the Patriarchs three weeks ago died on Wednesday morning - 31 December: One Israeli soldier injured in a suspected car-ramming attack near the West Bank settlement of Tapuah, Palestinian driver shot dead
January 2016: 1 January 2016: Suspected gunman Nasha'at Melhem opened fire on several businesses on Dizengoff Street in Tel Aviv, killing two people and injuring seven others - 2 January 2016: After rockets were fired from the Gaza Strip Israeli air force launched airstrikes targeting Hamas facilities - 3 January 2016: Tel Aviv schoolchildren stay home as manhunt for Dizengoff Street shooter goes into day three - 11 January 2016: Following a stabbing attack of two Palestinians, who were shot and killed on Saturday night when they attempted to stab soldiers in the Jordan Valley settlement of Beka’ot, Israeli troops shot and injured a Palestinian who attempted to stab them near the Hermesh settlement - 13 January: Hamas threatens retaliation for deadly strike on bomb-planting cell - 17 January 2016: Attacker stabs Israeli woman from settlement of Otniel to death, who tried to fight off assailant in front of three children in the entrance to the family’s home - 19 January: Escalation feared after a new knife attack Monday on a street in a West Bank settlement wounded pregnant Michal Froman - 23 January 2016: An Israeli border police officer shot dead a 13-year-old Palestinian girl who tried to stab him as he guarded the entrance to a West Bank settlement - 24 January: Rocket shot from Gaza hits southern Israel - 26 January: Israeli Shlomit Krigman dies after Palestinian knife attack outside food store in Beit Horon - 31 January: Three Israelis were wounded, when a Palestinian man opened fire at an IDF checkpoint near Beit El in the West Bank, and was shot dead
February-April 2016: 4 February 2016: More stabbing attacks in 2016, in Central Israeli City of Ramle by suspected 13-year-old Israeli Arab female assailants - 14 February: 2 Palestinian teens killed as IDF soldiers come under fire - 2 March: Israeli soldiers shot dead two Palestinian teens who had attacked an Israeli settler at his home in the occupied West Bank - 4 March 2016: A Palestinian woman rammed her car into an Israeli soldier wounding him in the occupied West Bank on Friday and was then shot dead by troops at the scene - 9 March 2016: Fatah, the largest faction within the PLO, and the party of Palestinian Authority's Mahmoud Abbas, celebrates the Tuesday murder of a tourist in Jaffa, after Palestinian Mashala went on a stabbing spree in Tel Aviv-Jaffa, killing Vanderbilt graduate student and USA citizen Taylor Force and wounding 12 others - 11 March: At least four rockets launched from the Gaza Strip landed in an open field near the southern Israeli city of Sderot - 12 March: After rockets were fired into Israel, Hamas base was targeted by IDF strike that killed two children of a family living near Hamas base - 17 March: Two Palestinians stabbed and wounded an Israeli woman and were then shot and killed outside a Jewish settlement in the occupied West Bank - 19 March: A Palestinian teenager, who stabbed and wounded a Border Police officer in Hebron, was shot dead by another policeman - 24 March 2016: An Israeli soldier has been arrested after he shot in the head a Palestinian man who stabbed another soldier in an attack in Hebron, but was then lying on the ground, wounded, and did not pose a threat to security forces, according to a video provided by a rights group - 25 April: A survey of young Palestinians found support for knife attacks targeting Israelis, with a majority of those polled saying terror attacks serve the Palestinian cause - 27 April: Two Palestinians shot dead after attempted knife attack at West Bank checkpoint
May/June 2016: 3 May 2016: Three soldiers hurt in suspected West Bank car-ramming attack near Dolev, suspected assailant shot dead - 5 May 2016: In response to ongoing attacks against Israeli forces near border fence, IAF strikes Hamas targets in Gaza, as second Gazan tunnel leading into Israel found - 26 May: Israel's air force hits two Hamas sites in coastal territory in Gaza Strip in response to rocket attack - 10 June: Hamas test-fires dozens of short-range rockets in Gaza - 21 June 2016: 15-year-old Palestinian was killed and four were Palestinians wounded, three seriously, after two tourists and one Israeli were wounded along Israel's Route 443 - 21 June: 15-year-old Palestinian died and four others were wounded in West Bank after Israeli soldiers mistook them for stone-throwers - 24 June 2016: An Israeli couple injured in likely car-ramming attack in West Bank, suspected Palestinian woman killed - 30 juin: Une adolescente israélienne a été poignardée jeudi par un Palestinien dans une colonie de Cisjordanie
July/August 2016: 1 July 2016: The head of the Otniel yeshiva Miki Mark, described by friends and family as a pillar of his community, was killed in a Hebron terror attack Friday in which his wife and two of his children were injured - 1 July 2016: A rocket fired from Gaza hit a building in the southern Israeli town of Sderot on Friday night, causing damage to the building - 2 July: Israel army deploys 2 battalions to secure settlements, main roads as troops, intel agencies work in tandem to halt terror attacks - 3 July: Israeli troops arrested eight Palestinians, including the sister of the terrorist who murdered the teenage girl in the settlement of Kiryat Arba and is now praised by his sister, in overnight sweeps in the West Bank - 27 July 2016: Hamas terrorist who murdered Rabbi Miki Mark in 1 July shooting attack dies in West Bank firefight with Israel’s security forces - 21 August: Gaza rocket strikes near homes in Sderot, causing no damage, Israel strikes back at Hamas targets in northern Strip - 27 August: IDF opens probe into death of Palestinian Hamad said to have charged at troops
October-December 2016: 6 October 2016: Gaza official reportedly claims Hamas is working to prevent further violence following air force bombardment in reprisal for rocket attack on Sderot - 9 October 2016: A Palestinian assailant, firing from a car, shot and wounded at least seven people, two critically, in Jerusalem on Sunday and was then killed by Israeli police, according to police describing the incident as a terror attack - 9 octobre 2016: Deux des personnes blessées par des tirs d'un Palestinien dimanche à Jérusalem-est sont décédées, selon l'hôpital - 22 November 2016: A Palestinian man armed with a knife was shot and killed by Israeli security forces as he attempted to stab a guard at a crossing outside Jerusalem - 8 December 2016: A Palestinian assailant attempted to stab Israeli guards at a West Bank junction and was shot and killed by troops, police said - 18 December 2016: A Palestinian teenager was shot dead early Sunday during clashes with Israeli security forces, as army and border police were pelted with rocks in village near Ramallah and one Israeli officer was injured - 22 December 2016: Palestinian shot dead throwing bomb at soldiers during operation to raze East Jerusalem home of terrorist, army says - 25 December 2016: Hamas’s deployment at the Gaza border carries echoes of South Lebanon - 25 December 2016: Suspected Palestinian gunman opened fire near the West Bank settlement of Beit El on Sunday morning - 30 December 2016: Security forces reportedly shot and wounded a Palestinian woman at the Qalandiya checkpoint in the West Bank after she tried to carry out a stabbing attack
January 2017: 3 January 2017: Islamic Waqf guards try to boot veteran Israeli archaeologist and guide Gabriel Barkay for using the term 'Temple Mount' in a lecture to USA students - 3 January 2016: Two Border Police officers were injured in the northern West Bank, when several motorcycles attempted to ram through a temporary roadblock set up by security forces - 4 January 2017: 19-year-old IDF soldier Azaria, who killed wounded stabber in March 2016, convicted of manslaughter - 8 January 2017 Jerusalem truck attack was a vehicle-ramming attack - 8 January 2017: A truck rammed into a group of IDF soldiers in Jerusalem on popular Armon Hanatziv promenade killing three women, one man and injuring at least 15, the driver reportedly shot dead - 9 January 2017: After terror group praised deadly Jerusalem truck-ramming, Israeli troops rounded up five members of the Hamas terror group in raids across the West Bank and arrested six more suspects for low-level attacks - 10 January 2017: The Israeli military says that a Palestinian man had been shot, later dying of his wounds, while trying to stab IDF soldiers who were conducting an arrest raid near Nablus - 15 January 2017: Israeli troops doing work near the Gaza security fence came under fire on Sunday, in response, an army tank shelled a Hamas position in the southern Gaza Strip, IDF says
February/March 2017: 2 February 2017: Two Israeli policemen and a civilian were lightly wounded when a Palestinian woman drove her vehicle into a police car and a guard post outside West Bank Geva Binyamin community in a suspected car-ramming attack - 6 February 2017: Gaza rocket falls south of Ashkelon, in response Israeli planes and tanks bomb Hamas posts in northern Strip - 27 February 2017: A rocket fired from Gaza struck an open field in southern Israel early Monday morning - 27 February 2017: Israeli jets hit Gaza after overnight rocket attack - 1 March 2017: Gaza rocket strikes field south of Ashkelon in second attack in three days, coming after Hamas threatens to hit back over Israeli retaliatory bombardment of Strip - 6 March 2017: An alleged Palestinian terrorist was killed in an exchange of gunfire with Israeli troops in the West Bank city of Ramallah - 10 March: Rocket fired from Gaza falls short of border fence - 13 March 2017: After 2 police officers were hurt in Jerusalem stabbing attack and the assailant was shot, critically wounded during the attack and later died, police raided an East Jerusalem home of a Palestinian named in Arab media as the assailant - 16 March 2017: Israeli Air Force jets struck two Hamas installations in the north of the Gaza Strip in response to the latest rocket fire from the territory at Israeli communities nearby - 18 March 2017: Rockets launched from Gaza, Israel responds with tank fire at Hamas targets - 22 March 2017: An eighteen-year-old Palestinian was reportedly killed and two others injured by Israeli tank fire while nearing the Gaza border into Israel overnight - 29 March 2017: Palestinian Siham Rateb Nimir who was shot dead in the Old City on Wednesday as she attempted to stab border guards may have been motivated by grief over her son’s death at the hands of Border Police in September, after an apparent misunderstanding at an East Jerusalem checkpoint
April/May 2017: 1 April 2017: A teenage assailant stabbed two young men and a police officer in Jerusalem’s Old City, wounding them before being shot and killed by security forces - 6 April 2017: One person killed and another lightly wounded as Palestinian car rams into West Bank bus stop at Ofra junction, driver apprehended - 15 April 2017: British student Hannah Bladon killed in Jerusalem stabbing attack by a Palestinian from East Jerusalem, who has been apprehended - 27 April 2017: An Israeli security forces operation overnight reportedly uncovered an illegal weapons-making workshop in the West Bank town of Abu Dis, along with ammunition and bullet magazines, 14 terror suspects arrested and handed over for questioning in other operations - 13 May 2017: Israeli police officer who was stabbed by a Jordanian man in Jerusalem Saturday before shooting his attacker dead said he acted 'to save civilians' as well as his own life - 14 May 2017: Jordanian FM on Sunday dismissed an Israeli accusation that it was justifying terrorism in condemning the killing of a Jordanian assailant in Jerusalem on Saturday, calling the defense 'a heinous crime'
June/July 2017: 1 June 2017: IDF soldier wounded in stabbing attack in northern West Bank by Palestinian female assailant, who was shot and critically injured at front gate of Mevo Dotan settlement - 6 June 2017: Police cars set alight, other cruisers pelted with stones and officers attacked by rock-throwing protesters, one protester killed and investigation launched, as residents in the Israeli Arab city of Kafr Qassem riot against police - 16 June 2017 Jerusalem attack - 16 June 2017: Policewoman Hadas Malka succumbs to injuries in stabbing at Damascus Gate after fighting her attacker while trying to draw weapon, four other police officers injured at Zedekiah’s Cave, three attackers, all of whom were members of Palestinian terrorist groups, were shot dead in the course of the attacks - 26 June 2017: Gaza rocket hits open area in southern Israel, no injuries - 28 June 2017: A Palestinian man in Hebron, who opened fire on Israeli soldiers searching for illegal weapons, shot dead - 12 July 2017: Two Palestinians said killed in clashes with IDF troops in Jenin
14 July 2017 Arab Israeli Temple Mount terrorist attack and aftermath: 14 July 2017 Temple Mount shooting - 14 July 2017: Two of the Israeli police officers wounded in Friday morning's shooting attack at the Temple Mount have died of their wounds, all the three assailants were shot and killed, identified as Arab Israelis from Umm Al-Fahm - 14 July 2017: Palestinian terror groups praised the deadly shooting attack at Jerusalem’s Temple Mount on Friday - 15 July 2017: Arab League scolds Israel for Temple Mount closure, failing to mention attack - 22 July 2017: Abbas to freeze contacts with Israel until recent decisions on 'Al Aqsa' backtracked - 23 July 2017: Police install hi-tech security cameras outside Temple Mount, as Muslim worshipers vow to keep up fight against security measures and as IDF and Shin Bet detain 29 members of Hamas terror group after deadly terror attack in Halamish - 25 July 2017: Cameras come down along with metal detectors at Temple Mount, following an Israeli security cabinet decision to replace the metal detectors with security measures based on 'advanced technologies' - 28 July 2017: After weeks of tension, Friday’s Muslim prayers in Old City end peacefully despite widespread efforts of inciting
Since 16 July 2017: 16 July 2017: Palestinian gunman Amar Ahmad Halil of Nabi Saleh, who was behind a drive-by shooting attack on Saturday near the West Bank settlement of Atere, was killed during an overnight raid after he attempted to open fire on Israeli soldiers who came to arrest him - 16 July 2017: Israeli officials bolster security as Temple Mount set to reopen after attack - 18 July 2017: Protesters rioted in East Jerusalem neighborhoods overnight against new security measures at the Temple Mount, throwing stones and petrol bombs at police and shooting fireworks at Israeli forces, at least 50 Palestinians and one officer were reported hurt - 21 July 2017: Three Palestinians were reported killed in clashes that erupted between protesters and Israeli police on Friday in East Jerusalem and the West Bank as thousands demonstrated against the installation of metal detectors at the entrances to Jerusalem’s Temple Mount to avert more terrorist attacks - 21 July 2017: Israeli father, son and daughter stabbed to death in West Bank home, mother in serious condition after Palestinian terrorist sneaks into settlement of Halamish, stabs family at Shabbat dinner as young children hide, killer shot and wounded by IDF soldier on leave - 22 July 2017: IDF raids Halamish terrorist’s home, arrests his brother - 22 July 2017: 2 Palestinians said killed as heavy clashes again erupt and police use tear gas, stun grenades and water cannons in West Bank and Jerusalem to disperse rock-throwing rioters - 23 July 2017: Palestinians in the northern Gaza Strip fired a rocket at the Ahskelon coast region in southern Israel, but the projectile breaks apart in mid-air, army says, and does not cause injury or damage - 24 July 2017: Second Gaza rocket hits open area in southern Israel, no injuries, IDF launches retaliatory strike at Hamas position - 28 July 2017: Palestinian Takaatka from Bethlehem wielding a knife rushed at IDF soldiers at the Gush Etzion Junction in the West Bank on Friday and was shot dead
September/October 2017: 26 September 2017: Three Israeli security officers were killed and one was seriously hurt in a terror attack outside the Har Adar settlement near Jerusalem early Tuesday morning - 8 October 2017: Israeli army reportedly destroys Hamas outpost in Gaza in retaliation for rocket fire - 22 October 2017: 12-year-old Israeli boy injured in rock attack at Hebron spring, as a man dropped a large stone on a group of children - 30 October 2017: At least seven men, most of them Islamic Jihad members, were killed and another 12 injured when the Israeli army blew up an attack tunnel stretching from the Gaza Strip into Israeli territory, the Hamas-run Gaza Health Ministry says - 31 October 2017: Israeli troops shot two Palestinians, killing one, after they accelerated their car at the soldiers in the West Bank, the army said
December 2017: 1 December 2017: Police search for two suspected assailants who fled scene after assault on 19-year-old Ron Yitzhak Kokia, who was stabbed to death at a bus station in an apparent terror attack in the southern city of Arad - 6 December 2017: An Israeli military vehicle was seriously damaged when a firebomb was thrown at it by Palestinians in the northeastern West Bank - 8 December 2017: 2 Palestinians killed, 98 wounded in clashes with Israeli troops in West Bank, Gaza, as protesters threw molotov cocktails and rocks - 8 December 2017: Third rocket from Gaza explodes in Sderot after Israeli strikes - 9 December 2017: In response to rocket fire Israeli Air Force attacked four Hamas targets in the Gaza Strip overnight, including two weapons production sites, a weapons depot, and another training compound - 10 December 2017: Rocket fired from Gaza on Friday landed at Sderot kindergarten - 11 December 2017: Israeli security guard Asher Elmaliach, who was stabbed in the chest by a Palestinian terrorist at the entrance to the Jerusalem Central Bus Station Sunday, remains unconscious - 11 December 2017: After missiles fired from Gaza, IDF hits Hamas positions- 12 December 2017: Israeli forces attacked Hamas targets in the northern Gaza Strip after Palestinians in a second round of rocket fire fired a rocket toward the southern city of Ashkelon, intercepted by an Iron Dome anti-missile battery - 13 December 2017: Israeli air force hits Hamas military post in south of Gaza Strip in retaliation for rocket attacks earlier in the night - 14 décembre 2017: Raids israéliens contre tirs de roquettes venant de Gaza - 15 December 2017: Four Palestinians died on Friday afternoon after being shot in clashes with Israeli security forces during protests in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, including attacker who stabbed officer - 18 December 2017: IDF strikes Hamas targets in retaliation for a volley of rockets fired at Israel and after Gaza rocket hits Israeli town - 22 December 2017: Two Palestinian protesters were reported killed during violent demonstrations along the Gaza Strip’s security fence, as thousands more took part in riots in the coastal enclave and across the West Bank for the third straight week following USA's recognition of Jerusalem as Israel’s capital - 29 December 2017: Iron Dome intercepts 2 rockets fired from Gaza as 3rd falls in Israeli territory - 29 December 2017: IDF strikes Hamas targets after Gaza rocket hits Israeli Shaar Hanegev community - 29 December 2017: Gaza rockets apparently target ceremony for Israeli soldier Oron Shaul - 30 December 2017: Israeli jets strike Hamas post in Gaza in response to shelling, as IDF accuses Iran of pushing Israel and terror groups to war, 'playing with the lives of Gaza residents,' by supplying mortar shells to Gaza terror groups
2018 List of Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel: 2018 List of Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel
2018 List of violent incidents in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict: 2018 List of violent incidents in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
January 2018: 2 January 2018: Israeli air force hits Hamas camp in Gaza after rocket fire - 3 January 2018: Second rocket fired from Gaza hit Eshkol region in southern Israel - 4 January 2018: After three rockets were fired at Israeli communities Israeli jets strike 'central terrorist infrastructure' in Gaza in retaliation and 'to thwart attempted attacks on Israeli citizens' - 10 January 2018: After an Israeli rabbi and father of six was shot dead in a terrorist attack outside Nablus, , Palestinians reported several incidents of settler violence in the West Bank in apparent retaliation - 14 January 2018: After striking alleged Hamas cross-border passageway, IDF general says army 'determined' to destroy all underground terror infrastructure, but admits main victims are Gaza residents - 18 January 2018: Suspected murderer Jarrar of West Bank rabbi killed in overnight raid by Israeli special forces, as two Israeli officers were injured in the midst of fighting and two other people who may have helped Jarrar have been killed
March 2018: 4 March 2018: The Palestinian terrorist group Hamas on Sunday praised a 'rave and heroic' car-ramming attack in Acre earlier in the day that left four Israelis injured - 10 March 2018: Palestinian Imayyer Shehadeh was shot dead by IDF soldiers who intervened during a clash between Palestinians and Israeli settlers near the northern West Bank city of Nablus, after on Friday Palestinian Mohammed al-Jabari was killed by Israeli fire in Hebron, and at least four others were wounded in clashes along Gaza’s border with Israel - 17 March 2018: Saying it was an 'appropriate' response to USA's Trump’s decision to recognize Jerusalem as the capital of Israel, several Palestinian terror groups and activists praised the car-ramming attack in which two IDF solders were killed near Jenin - 18 March 2018: Israeli Adiel Coleman succumbs to injuries hours after Jerusalem stabbing attack, Palestinian terrorist shot dead - 25 March 2018: Israeli jets strike Gaza after a group of Palestinians entered Israeli territory and attempted to destroy military equipment - 27 March 2018: Three Palestinians armed with grenades caught over 10 miles into Israeli territory, not far from an army base, in second incident in recent days, after infiltrating from Gaza - 29 March 2018: Arab Israeli indicted for stabbing rabbi to death in West Bank terror attack last month, accused of picking Itamar Ben-Gal as his victim based on his kippa - 29 March 2018: Acre car-rammer charged with attempted murder in alleged terror attack - 29 March 2018: Two Palestinians breach Gaza security fence in fourth incident in a week
30 March 2018: Three Palestinians were killed and more than 100 in the Gaza Strip were wounded by Israeli live and rubber bullet fire as a series of massive protests kicked off along the security fence surrounding the enclave, according to Palestinian sources, as Israeli military said protesters were burning tires and throwing rocks at the soldiers on the other side of the security fence, despite warnings, and as Hamas said 'this is the beginning of the return to all of Palestine’ - 31 March 2018: The Israeli military on Saturday night identified 10 of the 16 people reported killed during violent protests along the Gaza security fence as members of Palestinian terrorist groups, and published a list of their names and positions in the organizations, as Hamas acknowledges that five of them were gunmen from its military wing - 5 April 2018: Hamas pays families of Gazans killed in border clashes with Israel, as relatives of fatalities receive $3,000, injured Palestinians paid $200-$500 in compensation - 25 July 2014: Average Gazan makes $2,900 per year, while many top Hamas leaders are billionaires and millionaires and Hamas' Meshaal is billionaire in Qatar - 6 mars 2018: Israël promet la fermeté avant la manifestation prévue vendredi à la frontière avec la bande de Gaza - 6 April 2018: As 7 Gazans killed in violence at fence, Gaza Hamas leader Sinwar vows to 'breach the borders and pray at Al-Aqsa’ in Jerusalem - 8 April 2018: Referring to the current round of clashes between Palestinians and Israeli forces on the Gaza-Israel border, in which some two dozen Palestinians have been killed, PA’s top cleric and Abbas’s adviser on religious and Islamic affairs Mahmoud al-Habbash says that Hamas is 'sending Gazans to their deaths for good headlines’, accusing Gazan terror group of 'trading in suffering and blood' - 8 April 2018: Israeli military to launch probe into Gaza border deaths - 13 April 2018: Fresh clashes break out at Gaza border as thousands demonstrate for third consecutive week - 20 April 2018: Palestinians at the Gaza border flew a kite marked with a swastika and carrying a petrol bomb into Israel on Friday - 21 April 2018: IDF probing report, video of 15-year-old said killed in Gaza clashes, as four Palestinians were reported killed during Friday’s violence - 24 April 2018: 2 armed Gazans cross into Israel, are arrested - 25 April 2018: 40 Palestinians have been killed and 5,511 were wounded in the protests along the border fence between the Gaza Strip and Israel since March 30, according to the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs based on figures from the Palestinian Health Ministry in Gaza, as Hamas says the protests will continue even after Nakba Day on May 15 - 27/28 April 2018: As Palestinians try to breach Gaza fence, according to IDF, as 'attempts have been made to harm security infrastructure, roll burning tires, hurl rocks and fly kites with flaming objects attached to them' in Palestinian march on border for fifth week, 'four killed, 833 wounded' - 29 April 2018: Hamas saboteur arrested while vandalizing Gaza fence - 29 April 2018: In two separate incidents, one of which included an attack on Israeli forces, troops opened fire on Palestinians who tried to enter Israeli territory from the southern Gaza Strip, killing three of them - 30 April 2018: Gaza border rioter accidentally injured fellow protester with slingshot
May 2018: 5 May 2018: Palestinian youths set Gaza’s own gas line on fire at weekly fence protests, fly dozens of 'firebomb kites' into Israel but fail to breach border, incited by Hamas - 11 May 2018: A Palestinian was killed and 700 were wounded in protests along the Gaza border from live gunfire, according to the Gaza Health Ministry, as thousands of Gazans protest along the border in the seventh consecutive week - 13 May 2018: Gaza Strip running low on cooking gas after Palestinian rioters trash crossing - 14 May 2018: As PA, Fatah call for West Bank clashes over USA embassy move to Jerusalem and Al-Qaeda head calls for jihad, Israel warns Gazans 'don’t be Hamas’s puppets' - 15 May 2018: Tensions high as Palestinians mark Nakba Day and IDF again warns Gazans to stay away from border - 17 May 2018: Hamas co-founder al-Zahar admits ‘we are deceiving the public’ about peaceful Gaza border protests, saying in an interview that 'this is not peaceful resistance', the option of armed struggle 'is growing and developing', 'this is a peaceful resistance bolstered by a military force and by security agencies' - 25 May 2018: Gaza health ministry removes baby from border clash death toll, amid suggestions she died of a congenital heart condition - 25 May 2018: Doctors were still fighting Friday morning for the life of a soldier from IDF's Duvdevan unit who was critically injured after a marble slab was dropped on his head during an operation to arrest suspected terrorists in the West Bank - 27 May 2018: Israeli artillery cannons fired on a Hamas position in the southern Gaza Strip, killing at least one, after an explosive device was detonated along the security fence - 29 May 2018: More than two dozen mortar shells were fired at southern Israel in at least three separate barrages Tuesday morning, appearing to be the largest attack from the Gaza Strip since the 2014 war - 29 May 2018: Gaza terror rocket hits Strip’s own power lines, leaves Palestinians in dark - 30 May 2018: After Hamas and the Iran-backed Islamic Jihad released a joint statement claiming responsibility for rockets and mortar shells fired at southern Israel, dozens of rockets and shells were fired into Israel overnight, house hit, as Israel strikes 25 Hamas targets including drone facility, rocket manufacturing plant, advanced weapons depot, military compounds, training camps and weapons factories - 30 May 2018: Israel believes Gaza fighting is over for now, won't attack if rocket fire ends, amid reports of an Egypt negotiated cease-fire without Israel
June 2018: 2 June 2018: In worst blaze to date, Gaza fire kites destroy vast parts of nature reserve inside Israel on Saturday - 2 June 2018: Israeli troops reportedly thwarted an attempted car-ramming attack with small tractor Saturday in Hebron - 3 June 2018: IDF investigate death of volunteer paramedic Razan Najjar, who was fatally shot on Friday as she tried to help evacuate wounded near the Gaza border - 3 June 2018: After four projectiles were fired overnight at southern Israel by terror groups, shattering an unofficial ceasefire agreement and sending thousands to bomb shelters, Israel air force carried out airstrikes on Hamas targets - 5 June 2018: Firefighters battle 2 fires caused by flaming kites in Moshav Netiv Ha'asara and Kibbutz Nir Am, as Israeli official warns Hamas over incendiary tactic - 8 June 2018: As kite-set fires engulf Israel's south, foresters fight to 'save every tree’ - 8 June 2018: 'Hamas failed twice, first by investing money in terrorism rather than in caring for the needs of the population, and then again through Gazans’ reluctance to join the marches', Israel general Rokon says, as Hezbollah’s Nasrallah threatens Israel, saying 'the day of the great war is coming, the day we will all pray in Jerusalem’ - 18 June 2018: Hundreds of turkeys in a coop in an Israeli kibbutz near the Gaza border died from smoke inhalation due to fires sparked by incendiary balloons launched from the Palestinian territory - 18 June 2018: Palestinians fired three rockets at southern Israel from the Gaza Strip, after Israeli aircraft hit a number of targets in the coastal enclave in response to numerous arson attacks by Palestinians the day before, Israeli military said - 20 June 2018: Rocket sirens blared in southern Israel throughout the early morning hours Wednesday, as barrages totaling some 45 rockets and mortar shells were fired toward Israeli towns, prompting three rounds of Israeli airstrikes on Hamas military sites in the Gaza Strip - 22 June 2018: Reports put turnout at Friday’s violent protests at around 1,000 people on Israel’s border with the Gaza Strip, with the Hamas-run health ministry reporting 206 injured - 27 June 2018: At least 13 rockets launched from Gaza after army strikes Hamas cell’s car
July 2018: 14 July 2018: Palestinian terror groups fired at least 31 rockets and mortars into Israel, six of them intercepted by the Iron Dome system, as residents of Israeli communities near the Gaza Strip spent the night in bomb shelters and IDF renews airstrikes - 15 July 2018: Sderot family had no warning before rocket fired from Gaza hit home, injuring four people - 15 July 2018: Head of the missile unit of the Fatah-linked terror group al-Aqsa Martyr's Brigades killed along with son in so-called 'work accident' during shaky ceasefire between Israel and Palestinian terrorist groups following intense 24-hour bout of fighting - 15 July 2018: Israeli Air Force attacks Hamas militants launching incendiary balloons from Gaza, as government says hostile actions from Gaza will not be tolerated - 20 July 2018: A projectile was fired from the Gaza Strip at southern Israel on Thursday following IDF strike on cell launching 'fire balloons' at Israel that killed one Hamas member of its military wing - 20/21 July 2018: Hamas announced a ceasefire with Israel, after Palestinian snipers shot and killed an IDF soldier on the Gaza border, sparking the night’s widespread Israeli strikes on Hamas targets across Gaza, reportedly killing four Palestinians in the exchange, including three Hamas members - 21 July 2018: After several Palestinian suspects attempted to infiltrate the border into Israel in the northern Gaza Strip, IDF fired a tank shell at a Hamas post Saturday morning - 24 July 2018: Israel partially reopens Gaza crossing amid reduction in fire balloon attacks - 25 July 2018: Soldier moderately injured by Gaza sniper, 3 Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigade's members killed as IDF responds targeting Hamas bases, followed by nine rockets launched early Thursday from Gaza toward Israeli towns - 27 July 2018: Yotam Ovadia, the father to a 2-year-old child and a 7-month-old baby, stabbed repeatedly in the chest and torso during a terror attack inside the Jerusalem-area settlement of Adam in the West Bank has died - 27 July 2018: Authorities arrest 24 people, with 4 officers injured, after police said they were attacked with fireworks and stones following prayers and Palestinians barricaded themselves in mosque - 28 July 2018: Three Palestinians, including teens, said dead in Gaza border protest - 28 July 2018: Incendiary balloons from Gaza spark blazes in Sderot's Sapir College and Kibbutz Gevim, following at least ten such incidents on Friday - 29 July 2018: Gaza Health Ministry backtracks, says two Palestinians killed by accidental explosion, not by Israel, as PFLP names two members who tried to fire a rocket at Israel and were killed when it exploded
8/9 August 2018 Palestinian rocket attacks: August 2018 Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel - 9 August 2018: A total of 26 people on the Israeli side have been treated in the hospital, after more than 180 rockets have been fired into Israeli border region from Gaza since Wednesday evening - 9 August 2018: 'You have to choose which of your children you save,' says a mother of 7 in the southern town of Sderot, as residents of rocket-hit town describe scramble to reach safety of bomb shelters - 9 August 2018: Sending tens of thousands of Israelis into bomb shelters amid heaviest exchange of fire since 2014 Gaza war, terrorist groups in the Gaza Strip fire volleys of projectiles at southern Israel throughout Thursday morning, triggering a fresh round of airstrikes by the Israeli military on Hamas targets in the Palestinian enclave - 9 August 2018: Member of Hamas military wing, pregnant woman and toddler in Gaza reportedly killed in Israeli strikes, as reports from Gaza stated that the family's home was adjacent to a Hamas target that Israeli forces attacked
October 2018: 5 October 2018: Three Palestinians sid killed by live Israeli fire during Gaza-border protest - 7 October 2018: Two Israelis were shot dead and a third was wounded Sunday morning in a terror attack at the Barkan Industrial Park in the northern West Bank, according to IDF, hunting for armed Palestinian suspect of deadly shooting, praised by Hamas and Islamic Jihad - 7 October 2018: IDF identifies terrorist, who carried out the attack in the Barkan industrial area, murdering Ziv Hagbi and Kim Levengrond Yehezkel, as Ashraf Walid Suleiman Na'alwa - 7 October 2018: 5 fires break out in Gaza border region as result of incendiary balloons flown from the strip into Israel, IAF strikes incendiary balloon cell in response - 14 October 2018: One of the Gazan Palestinians who blew a hole in the security fence and crossed the border into Israel on Friday was killed at point-blank range after approaching an Israeli soldier with a knife, according to IDF, as police suspect Jewish settlers killed Palestinian woman in West Bank, hurling stones at a car - 15 October 2018: Supreme Court justice David Mintz escaped a violent assault by three men armed with hammers as he drove on a West Bank highway near his home in the settlement of Dolev, after his car was blocked by a Palestinian vehicle - 15 October 2018: A Palestinian was shot and killed in the West Bank during an attempt to stab an Israeli soldier at the Gitai Junction near the Ariel settlement and the Barkan industrial zone - 17 October 2018: After Palestinian terrorists in the Gaza Strip fired a rocket at the southern city of Beersheba that landed and exploded in the courtyard of the home of five people, including a mother and three children now treated for anxiety, Israeli military bombed 20 'military facilities' in the Gaza Strip - 20 October 2018: Israeli aircraft fires toward incendiary balloon-launching cell in Gaza - 22 October 2018: An Israeli soldier lightly injured in stabbing attack in Hebron, assailant shot dead - 27 October 2018: After a night in which around 30 rockets were launched across Gaza Strip's border, sending thousands of Israelis into shelters, Israeli military carried out extensive air strikes against around 80 terror targets, as Israeli spokesman says Iranian force in Syria behind rocket attack on South
November 2018: November 2018 Israel-Gaza confrontation are clashes that erupted on 11 November following an Israeli clandestine operation in the Khan Yunis area of the southern Gaza Strip - 9 November 2018: Hamas chief Sinwar says in Gaza 'there is no deal or understandings' with Israel - 12 November 2018: Israeli forces have killed a senior terror commander and six other Hamas members in the Gaza Strip, as an Israeli officer was killed and another injured in an apparently botched undercover raid and ensuing firefight, that has threatened to destroy the unofficial ceasefire - 12 November 2018: Thousands in Gaza demand revenge after deadly Israeli raid - 12 November 2018: Israeli seriously hurt as massive barrage from Gaza pummels south and some 100 rockets, mortar shells, anti-tank missiles fired at Israel - 13 November 2018: Gaza rocket fusillade on southern Israel resumes after brief overnight lull, as some 400 missiles fired since Monday causing casualties, and over 150 sites were targeted in Gaza by IDF causing casualties - 14 November 2018: Hamas hails Israeli defense minister's resignation, saying we caused political earthquake in Israel - 14 November 2018: Israeli army arrests Palestinian throwing grenades near Gaza border - 15 November 2018: Mahmoud Abu Asabeh, a contractor who spent much of his time in Israel and who was killed in Ashkelon by a rocket fired from Gaza, was buried in Hebron with little fanfare and no PA presence
December 2018: 9/10 December 2018: A group of terrorists fired from a passing car at the Ofra bus stop, which was full of people following a communal Hannukah event, injuring seven people including a pregnant woman, as Israeli military’s search for terrorists entered its second day on Monday - 10 December 2018: Hamas praises 'heroic' West Bank shooting attack, as pregnant woman and doctors are fighting for her life in hospital - 11 December 2018: Two car-ramming attempts reported in West Bank, one suspected Palestinian attacker shot dead outside of Hebron - 13 December 2018: Two Israelis were killed and two were severely injured in a drive-by shooting in the central West Bank Thursday, near site of Sunday drive-by terror attack claimed by Hamas in which seven Israelis were hurt, including a pregnant woman whose baby later died - 14 December 2018: Palestinian seriously wounds soldier in West Bank attack near Beit El settlement before fleeing - 22 December 2018: 4 Palestinians, including a 16-year-old and 18-year-old, were reported killed by Israeli fire on Friday as army said around 8,000 Palestinians had gathered along the border, burning tires and launching rocks and incendiary devices toward soldiers - 29 December 2018: In response to an earlier rocket launch from the Palestinian enclave into Israel, the first such incident in over one month, an IDF combat helicopter attacked a Hamas position in the southern Gaza Strip
February/March 2019: 21 February 2019: After multiple arson balloons launched from Gaza, sparking fire, IDF hits Hamas post and launch area in response - 3 March 2019: Israel strikes Hamas post in the northern Gaza Strip in response to a violent riot along the border - 4 March 2019: Two Israeli soldiers were wounded in a predawn car-ramming attack in the northern West Bank, one of them seriously, two attackers killed - 9 March 2019: Israeli army strikes Hamas targets in Gaza after rocket hits Israeli territory - 9 March 2019: After incendiary balloons carrying warhead from an anti-tank missile landed in Israel-Gaza border area, Israeli police carried out a controlled explosion - 9 March 2019: Mortar shell fired at southern Israel from Gaza for second time in two days - 10 March 2019: Israeli jets strike Hamas targets including a military compound after mortar launched from Gaza
14/15 March 2019 rocket strike against Tel Aviv: 14 March 2019 Tel Aviv rocket strike, when two rockets were launched from the Gaza Strip towards Tel Aviv, the first rocket strike against Tel Aviv in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict since the 2014 Gaza war - 14 March 2019: Two rockets fired at Tel Aviv from Gaza for first time since 2014 war, as Israeli army says rockets exploded in open areas and as five people were treated for shock by paramedics - 15 March 2019: The Israeli army attacked targets in Gaza Strip, hours after two rockets were fired at Tel Aviv from Gaza - 15 March 2019: 9 rockets fired at border towns in Israel, Iron Dome intercepts 6 of the projectiles, Israel hits 100 targets in Gaza - 15 March 2019: Israel, Hamas reportedly agree to ceasefire after rockets fired at Tel Aviv
March 2019: 17 March 2019: One Israeli was killed and two were critically injured in a pair of shooting attacks in the northern West Bank, as gunman, called 'heroic’ by Hamas, assaulted a soldier with a knife and opened fire after grabbing weapon from one victim, then firing at multiple passing vehicles, hitting two cars and injuring a civilian, taking another person’s automobile, driving to the nearby Gitai Junction for another attack, and fleeing - 18 March 2018: Rabbi Ahiad Ettinger, who was gravely wounded in a shooting attack in the West Bank on Sunday succumbed to his wounds on Monday, raising the death toll to two - 20 March 2019: Palestinians in a vehicle throw explosive devices at IDF forces guarding a group of Jewish pilgrims praying at Joseph’s Tomb, soldiers return fire, killing attackers - 20 March 2019: One Palestinian was killed and another was critically wounded by Israeli gunfire in Bethlehem, the Palestinian Health Ministry reported
25-30 March 2019: 25 March 2019: Following a rocket attack from a Hamas launchpad in the southern Gaza town of Rafah, that struck a home in the central Israeli town of Mishmeret, injuring several people and members of a British-Israeli family, including two infants, Israeli military deployed two additional brigades to the Gaza region and called up reservists for air defense units - 25 March 2019: The international community on Monday condemned rocket fire from Gaza that struck a home in central Israel - 25 March 2019: Hamas claims truce reached, but terrorists in the Gaza Strip continued to fire projectiles at southern Israel into the night and Israeli retaliatory raids targeting Hamas and Islamic Jihad military compounds were ongoing - 26 March 2019: After night of over 60 rockets, Israeli communities see several hours of quiet amid reports of truce, with no launches since 3:15 a.m., area schools closed - 26 March 2019: In response to a Gaza rocket attack earlier in the evening, Israeli Air Force launched renewed strikes in the Gaza Strip on Tuesday night - 27 March 2019: Tense calm returns to Israel’s south after night of strikes, rockets at Ashkelon - 30 March 2019: Tens of tousands of Palestinians gather in Gaza for march of return anniversary, as 17-year-old Palestinian demonstrator Adham Amara died due to an Israeli bullet, but as violence remains contained after tentative understandings reached between Israel and the Palestinians through Egyptian mediation and number of protesters later drops to 6,000 - 31 March 2019: Israel reopens Gaza border crossings after Hamas tamped down violence at Saturday’s mass-rallies at border and despite overnight rocket fire from the Palestinian territory
May 2019 Hamas and Jihad rocket attacks: 2 May 2019: Two rockets fired into Israel from Gaza after IAF bombed a Hamas base in the northern Gaza Strip in response to wave of arson balloons that sparked brushfires in Eshkol region - 4 May 2019 Over 100 rockets were launched into Israel from the Gaza Strip Saturday morning and Israel responded with strikes as a fragile ceasefire along the border again faltered - 5 May 2019: After firing 450 rockets on Israel in a day, causing death and injuries, Gaza terror groups threaten to increase range, as PM Netanyahu says he has ordered IDF to continue 'massive attacks' in Gaza - 6 May 2019: Nearly 700 rockets launched from Gaza and four Israelis killed in two days of Iran-backed terror attacks, in response Israel striked hundreds of targets in Gaza strip, 23 Palestinians reported dead, including children and pregnant women, as Palestinian official says a cease-fire agreement was reached - 6 May 2019: Most terrorists killed in Gaza escalation were from Iran-backed Islamic Jihad group accused of being main instigator of violence, that lost 8 members, while Hamas says 3 of its terrorists were killed in Israeli strikes - 7 May 2019: As Ramadan begins, Gazans come to grips with destruction – and fear next round of violence
August 2019: 8 August 2019: After body of a yeshiva student Dvir Sorek who had been stabbed to death was discovered outside a settlement in the Gush Etzion area of the West Bank, IDF raids Palestinian village village of Beit Fajja - 11 August 2019: Hamas gunman shot after firing at troops in fresh infiltration attempt and Gaza border battle - 16/17 August 2019: After 2 Israeli teens Nahum and Noam Nevis injured, 17-year-old Nahum critically, in West Bank car-ramming attack near to the Elazar settlement, waiting for a bus, Nahum remains in serious condition after surgery - 17 August 2019: In response to a rocket that was fired by Palestinian terror groups into Israel earlier Friday, IDF attacked Hamas targets in Gaza overnight Friday-Saturday - 18 August 2019: After two nights of Gaza rocket fire three Palestinians said killed by Israel Defense Forces - 22 August 2019: IDF strikes fresh Hamas targets after 2nd rocket fired from Gaza Strip - 23 August 2019: Teenage girl Rina Shnerb was killed and her father, a rabbi in Lod, and brother were seriously injured in a terrorist bombing at a natural spring outside the central West Bank settlement of Dolev, according to Israeli officials, saying IDF soldiers are searching the area - 25 August 2019: Three Gaza rockets were launched toward Israel, sending thousands of residents rushing to bomb shelters, as two rockets were intercepted, but the third landed in an open area near a main highway, sparking a fire - 27 August 2019: Alleged Israeli UAV attack in Beirut said to hit Hezbollah guided missile parts, as Times of London says blast in Lebanese capital struck crates carrying material for terror group’s program to turn its arsenal of rockets into precision missiles - 27 August 2019: In response to four rockets fired from the strip toward Israel, IDF strikes Hamas position in Gaza - 28 August 2019: Gaza rocket fired at Israel lands in Strip, triggering sirens in south
September 2019: 6 September 2019: Rockets fired from Gaza into Israel, IDF strikes Hamas targets in response - 7 September 2019: Two Palestinian teens, Khaled Abu Bakr al-Rubaie and Ali al-Ashqar, reportedly killed by live Israeli fire during weekly demonstrations at the border - 7 September 2019: Israeli teen seriously injured, father lightly wounded in West Bank stabbing near the northern West Bank village of Azun, after visiting the dentist, who then protected the victims, jumped on the attacker and held him against the wall - 7 September 2019: Gaza drone drops explosives in Israel near border, IDF vehicle damaged - 7 September 2019: Israeli jets strike Hamas in Gaza after armed drone attack - 10 September 2019: Israeli PM Netanyahu speech in Ashdod and Blue and White event in Ashkelon interrupted during campaign rally as rockets fired from Gaza at southern Israel intercepted by Iron Dome - 11 September 2019: IDF airstrikes hit 15 sites belonging to the Hamas terror group in Gaza after rockets fired at Israeli cities - 12 September 2019: Gaza rockets fired at southern Israel for second day in a row, in response Israeli military attacked Hamas terror group’s positions in northern Gaza, including airstrikes - 18 September 2019: Rockets fired at Israel from Gaza fall short, wounding 7 Palestinians - 22 September 2019: Nina Gisdenanova from Ashkelon, who was seriously injured by a rocket fired from the Gaza Strip last November which also killed a man and seriously injured another woman, has died of her injuries, as Iranian arsonists, increasing Hamas funding to $30m per month in August, now heading to the UN in New York, granting stage in its 'hall' to war criminals, to trick the public once more - 26 September 2019: Female officer lightly wounded in stabbing at Temple Mount, after Palestinian assailant attacked cops and as police overpower the man, labeling incident a terror attack
14/15 November 2019 ceasefire crumbles: 14 November 2019: Israeli security restrictions were lifted, schools resumed after truce was announced, but ceasefire crumbles, as rockets fired at Israel in fresh bombardment, and as army says Islamic Jihad rocket commander among 6 killed in overnight strike - 15 November 2019: Southern Israelis wake to uncertainty as violence persists, schools shuttered, after IDF carried out air strikes on Islamic Jihad targets overnight in response to multiple rocket attacks that violated ceasefire throughout Thursday - 15 November 2019: Israel strikes Islamic Jihad positions following rockets launched from Gaza - 15 November 2019: Israeli military admitted that it made a mistake in targeting a Gaza building Wednesday night which housed a family of eight, all of whom died in the strike, saying we thought the house was empty
24/25 January 2020 soccer ball rigged with explosives found attached to balloons from Gaza: 24 January 2020: Soccer ball rigged with explosives found attached to balloons from Gaza, as IDF soldiers defuse booby-trapped ball discovered in open area near the border and another suspicious device found in the area, that appear to be more attempts to target children, as many of the attacks have been launched on brightly colored balloons and local children have been warned not to approach them - 25 January 2020: Balloon batches carrying suspected Gaza bomb, incendiary device land in Israel near Kibbutz Sde Boker, discovered by security staff at the Midreshet Ben-Gurion educational center, as second batch of balloons connected to an incendiary device was later discovered in the Ramat Negev Regional Council
10 February 2020 another rocket fired into Israel and response: 10 February 2020: After rocket fired into Israel, aircraft strike Hamas targets in Gaza
12 February 2020 another rocket was fired from Gaza at Israel’s south: 12 February 2020: Another rocket was fired from Gaza at Israel’s south
12 May 2020 IDF soldier killed by rock thrown at his head: 12 May 2020: IDF soldier killed by rock thrown at his head during West Bank arrest raid
14 August 2020 after balloons start 100 fires Israel strikes Gaza: 14 August 2020: Israel strikes Gaza for 3rd straight night after balloons start 100 fires
23 August 2020 Gaza arson balloons spark eleven wildfires: 23 August 2020: Gaza arson balloons spark eleven wildfires near border
28 August 2020 following Hamas threats of an impending ‘message’ volley of rockets fired at Israel's south: 28 August 2020: Following Hamas threats of an impending ‘message’ volley of rockets fired at Israel's south, IDF again strikes Hamas targets in Gaza
2 September 2020 an Israeli soldier and police officer lightly wounded in suspected car-ramming attack near Nablus: 2 September 2020: An Israeli soldier and police officer lightly wounded in a suspected car-ramming attack in the northern West Bank south of Nablus, Israeli officials said
5 October 2020 rocket fired from Gaza at southern Israel, IDF retaliates with strike: 5 October 2020: Rocket fired from Gaza at southern Israel, IDF retaliates with strike
9 January 2021 West Bank gunman tries to ram, shoot soldiers in attack: 9 January 2021: West Bank gunman tries to ram, shoot soldiers in attack near town of Yabad, chase underway

Since 23-24 April 2021 escalation of Palestinian-Israel conflict following rockets from Gaza on Israel: Since 23–24 April 2021 list of Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel, as all of the attacks originated in the Gaza Strip, unless stated otherwise, and as this list does not include reports of deaths and injuries caused by Hamas rocket and mortar attacks that fell within Gaza - Since 6 May 2021 escalation of Palestinian-Israel conflict - Timeline of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict in May 2021
12 May 2021 Israel vows not to stop Gaza attacks until there is ‘complete quiet’: 12 May 2021: Israel vows not to stop Gaza attacks until there is ‘complete quiet’
14 May 2021 heavy rockets barrages target southern Israel as IDF pounds Gaza: 14 May 2021: Heavy rockets barrages target southern Israel as IDF pounds Gaza, 'Haaretz' reports live
15 May 2021 fighting between Israel and Hamas escalated in what has become the heaviest flare-up since the 2014 Gaza war: 15 May 2021: Fighting between Israel and Hamas escalated in what has become the heaviest flare-up since the 2014 Gaza war, as a citizen killed in central Israel rocket fire, as direct hits were launched against several cities, as Israel downs Gaza tower, as three rounds of sirens rock central Israel after two days of quiet, as nine citizens dead in Israel, as at least 139 Gazans killed in Israeli strikes as rocket fire rages on, as Israeli air attack on Gaza kills eight children, according to residents, and as military says it struck senior Hamas officials as rockets continue to be fired into Israel, and after European Union condemned Palestinian rocket attacks into Israel, but then called on all sides to aim for a de-escalation and to prevent further civilian casualties, without mentioning the alliance of Hamas, Hezbollah and Iran's Mullah regime, responsible for decades of violence targeting Israel for ideological reasons, making civilians and children to cannon fodder
16 May 2021 fighting between Israel and Hamas and rocket barrage continues as UN security council holds first public meeting on the conflict: 16 May 2021: Direct Gaza rocket hits in Ashkelon, Ashdod, as no casualties reported, as at least, 3,000 rocket fired toward Israel since escalation started, according to army, as Gaza death toll climbs to 188, including 52 children, according to Haaretz, as seven Jerusalem police officers wounded in suspected car-ramming attack, said to be in stable condition after attack in the flashpoint neighborhood of Sheikh Jarrah, as Palestinian driver killed, as the 15-member UN security council holds first public meeting on the conflict, as Israel bombs home of Hamas chief after heavy rocket barrages targeted Tel Aviv, as heavy rocket barrage at Southern Israel continues according to Haaretz, reporting live
12 June 2021 Palestinian woman carrying a knife shot dead by guard at West Bank checkpoint, Israeli Police Say: 12 June 2021: As Qalandia is the main crossing point for Palestinian residents of the West Bank entering Israel, an Israeli security guard on Saturday shot and killed a Palestinian woman, claiming she planned to attack forces at the Qalandiyah checkpoint, and who had served time in Israeli jail for attempted stabbing, after he called on her to stop and who police said was carrying a knife - August 2013 raid on Qalandia was an arrest raid by Israeli security forces in the refugee camp of Qalandia, between Ramallah and Jerusalem, that provoked a clash with camp residents protesting the attempted arrest, as the fighting left 3 Palestinian civilians dead and 19 others wounded, and as 3 Israeli security personnel were also injured, 'one most violent clashes in years between Israelis and Palestinians in the West Bank' according to the 'Los Angeles Times'
29 July 2021 Israel investigating shooting of Palestinian boy in West Bank, father critically injured: 29 July 2021: The Israeli military is investigating the death of a 12-year-old Palestinian boy in the occupied West Bank, as Palestinian officials said Mohammed al-Alami was shot by Israeli soldiers while travelling in a car with his family near Beit Ummar on Wednesday, and as the military said troops fired at a car they thought was involved in suspicious activity and failed to stop - 29 July 2021: Palestinian seriously wounded by Israeli army fire at 12-year-old's funeral, as protesters throw stones, and Israeli troops fired stun grenades and rubber bullets in West Bank village, and as boy's father said 'they took my heart from me, they snatched it from me' - 29 July 2021 20-year-old Palestinian man died hours after being shot on Thursday by Israeli forces during the funeral of 12-year-old Mohammed al-Alami, who was killed the day before, also by Israeli military gunfire
11 September 2021 arrests two escaped prisoners, rockets targeting Israel and response: 11 September 2021: Sirens warning of incoming rocket fire sounded near Israel’s border with the Gaza Strip in the night, in response Israel hits Hamas sites in Gaza, both sides testing a fragile truce that ended fierce and deadly fighting in May, while nearly a thousand clash with Israeli forces near Jenin in the West Bank hurling improvised explosives and rocks at military forces, also following the arrest of two escaped Palestinian prisoners - 11 September 2021: Two more Palestinian high-security inmates convicted or charged with planning or carrying out terror attacks against Israelis and then fugitives, including former Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigade leader Zakaria Zubeidi, were captured by security forces in northern Israel, bringing the number of apprehended prisoners from Monday's jailbreak to four out of six, as Zubeidi is the most infamous inmate of the six, who was behind the 2002 attack at a Likud party branch in Beit She’an in which six people were killed, among other attacks
13 September 2021 Israel hits Hamas targets in Gaza as hostilities escalate: 13 September 2021: Israel hits Hamas targets in Gaza as hostilities escalate
19 September 2021 chase for Gilboa Prison escapees draws to a close amid reports of clashes between Palestinians and Israeli security forces in Jenin: 19 September 2021: Israeli security forces apprehended the last two of the six Palestinian high-security prisoners who escaped from Gilboa Prison about two weeks ago overnight Saturday in the northern West Bank city of Jenin
2022 timeline of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict: Timeline of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict in 2022
11 April 2022 Palestinians shot dead and wounded in Jenin, al-Khader, Husan, Israelis injured in Nablus: 11 April 2022: Palestinians shot and injured Monday night two Israelis who went through an unmanned checkpoint in the West Bank city of Nablus, as the Israelis were on their way to Joseph's Tomb in Nablus, a flash point and holy site for Jews that was set ablaze last week by Palestinian rioters, as Palestinian Muhammad Zakarna who was shot by Israeli forces in Jenin on Sunday succumbed to his wounds a day later. The man was wounded during a raid intended to arrest two brothers of the terrorist who carried out a terror attack in Tel Aviv on Thursday, leaving three Israelis dead, as 17-year-old Muhammad Zakarna was now shot and wounded after opening fire on soldiers, according to the Israeli army. Disputing the army's account, his family and friends said that Zakarna was at work when he was hit by an expanding bullet. The 17-year-old worked selling hot drinks in Jenin's industrial zone, though he had nothing to sell that day due to the lockdown on the city. Also on Sunday, Israeli forces shot and killed a Palestinian man who was throwing Molotov cocktails at an Israeli vehicle near the town of al-Khader in the West Bank. This follows the fatal shooting of a Palestinian woman in Hebron, after she had stabbed an Israeli Border Police office. The officer was lightly wounded in the attack. Another Palestinian woman was shot dead on Sunday in Husan, near Bethlehem, who Israeli forces said approached them in a 'suspicious manner' before being fired at.
5 May 2022 mass stabbing in El'ad during Israel's Independence Day: 5 May 2022 mass stabbing in El'ad, Central District, during Israel's Independence Day 'Yom Ha'atzmaut'. Three people were killed and four injured, as Israeli Police identified the perpetrators as two Palestinians from Rummanah, West Bank. As of 7 May they are being sought by the authorities. - 6 May 2022: Palestinian Arabs took to the streets to celebrate Thursday evening’s attack in the city of Elad, in which three Jews were murdered and four were wounded by two terrorists armed with an axe and a firearm. A video from Shechem (Nablus) showed children handing out candies to passers-by in celebration of the attack. In the Nur a-Shams camp in Tulkarm, masked men took to the streets to celebrate the attack with the public. Palestinian Arabs in the cities of Gaza and Khan Yunis fired into the air while candies were distributed to drivers and passers-by. Meanwhile, 'Allahu Akbar' was shouted from the mosques as a sign of joy at the 'success' of the attack. Expressions of joy were also reported in Palestinian Arab concentrations in Lebanon.
Since 5 August 2022 timeline of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict: Timeline of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict in August 2022 (Wikipedia)
7 August 2022 Israeli diplomatic source confirms talk of Gaza cease-fire: 7 August 2022: Rocket sirens blare across central Israel, as a negotiated cease-fire was reportedly set to go into effect, as sirens sounded in Tel Aviv, Rishon Letzion, Bat Yam, Holon, Ramle and Lod in central Israel, as well as in the southern cities of Ashkelon and Ashdod and in communities bordering the Gaza Strip, as Israeli source says Gaza cease-fire talks underway, when two homes were hit by Gaza rockets in southern Israel, as Palestinian media said an Israeli strike hit a house in the Jabalya area of northern Gaza, killing two, as Jewish worshippers visited Temple Mount on Tisha B'Av annual fast day in Judaism, remembering a number of disasters in Jewish history, primarily the destruction of both Solomon's Temple by the Neo-Babylonian Empire, and the Second Temple by the Roman Empire in Jerusalem, 'Haaretz' reports with live updates - Since 691 occupation and then Islamization of the Temple Mount after the August 636 Battle of the Yarmuk between the army of the Eastern Roman empire and Muslim forces of the Rashidun Caliphate, followed by the November 636 - 637 siege of Jerusalem as part of the Muslim conquest of the Levant, resulting in the occupation of Judea and Jerusalem - after their destruction and the first genocide of Jews in the first/second centuries by the Roman empire - belonging to the Eastern Roman Empire since centuries, as in 691 the Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik commissioned the construction of the 'Dome of the Rock' over a large outcropping of bedrock on the Temple Mount, a shrine (no mosque) in order to compete in grandeur with the city's Christian churches, that later and finally in the brutal 20th/21st centuries led to a provocative Islamic cult against the Jewish people and their culture - Isra' and Mi'raj, the two parts of a Night Journey that, according to Islam, the Islamic prophet Muhammad 570–632 took during a single night around the year 621. Within Islam it signifies both a physical and spiritual journey, as Muhammad is said to have traveled on the back of Buraq to the Al-Aqsa Mosque - i.e. the Temple Mount in Eastern Roman empire's Jerusalem in 621 - where he leads other prophets in prayer. In the next part of the journey, the Mi'raj, he ascends into heaven where he individually greets the prophets and later speaks to 'Allah', who gives Muhammad instructions to take back to the Muslims regarding the details of prayer. The journey and ascent are marked as one of the most celebrated dates in the Islamic calendar, but happened in a foreign, Christian empire, perhpaps inspiring the prophet to imitate the ascension of Jesus into heaven. - Al-Aqsa Mosque located on the Temple Mount, in the reality most notably the site of the Second Temple destroyed by the Romans in 70 CE. - 16 November 2008: Archives of a British archeologist who carried out the only archeological excavation ever undertaken at the Temple Mount's Aksa Mosque show a Byzantine mosaic floor underneath the mosque - uncovered under the Umayyad level of the mosque -, that was likely the remains of a church or a monastery, 'without a doubt' the remains of a public building - likely of a church or a monastery - which predated the mosque, 'very surprising in light of the fact that we do not have records of such constructions in historical texts'.
February 2023 Huwara rampage and aftermath: As some 700,000 Israeli settlers now live in the West Bank and east Jerusalem, on 26 February, hundreds of Israeli settlers went on a violent late-night rampage in Huwara and other villages in the northern West Bank, leaving one local resident dead and 100 others injured, four critically, and the town ablaze. It was the worst outburst of Israeli settler violence in decades. The riots occurred later on the same day as the deadly shooting of two Israeli settlers in the same town by an unidentified armed Palestinian. As of 28 February, of only eight suspects allegedly involved in the rampage, all have been released, three to house arrest. On 1 March 5 suspects of dozens of settlers believed to have taken part in the assault were arrested. The IDF commander responsible for the area Major-General Yehuda Fuchs, described the event as a 'pogrom carried out by outlaws.'
6 April 2023 Israeli raid on Jerusalem’s al-Aqsa mosque, clashes in the West Bank, cross-border strikes in the Gaza Strip, rockets from Lebanon: 6 April 2023: Rocket fire from Gaza and Lebanon and a second Israeli police raid on Jerusalem’s al-Aqsa mosque in as many nights have stoked fears of further escalation in the region during a sensitive period of overlapping religious holidays. On Thursday afternoon, the Israel Defence Forces IDF said the biggest salvo of rockets since the 2006 war had been fired from Lebanese territory into northern Israel. Most of the 34 projectiles were intercepted, but there were two minor injuries and a fire. There was no immediate claim of responsibility, but the launches came just hours after the Iran-backed Lebanese militant group Hezbollah said it would support 'all measures' taken by Palestinians to defend the al-Aqsa compound, in the Israeli city of Jerusalem - 6 April 2023: Militants fire rockets from Lebanon into Israel
8 April 2023 Italian Alessandro Parini killed and seven other people injured after Yousef Abu Jaber rams people near Tel Aviv beach: 8 April 2023: 36-year-old Italian citizen Alessandro Parini killed and seven other people injured in a suspected car-ramming attack near a beach in Tel Aviv, as a doctor told Israeli TV the wounded included three British nationals and one other Italian, as local police said the suspected attacker was shot dead by officers, and has also named him as Yousef Abu Jaber from Kafr Qasim, an Israeli-Arab city, according to the 'BBC' - 7 April 2023: One tourist killed, seven wounded in Tel Aviv terror attack, assailant shot dead, as the attacker drove southbound on the road adjacent to Tel Aviv's beach promenade, before veering right and driving at speed on the bike lane for around 100 meters, hitting eight pedestrians and bicyclists before rolling over on the lawn of the Charles Clore Park, and the attacker was shot by a police officer and a civilian inspector. The Islamic Jihad said in a statement that the attack is a 'natural and legitimate response to the crimes of the occupation against the Palestinian people', adding that it happened on the one-year anniversary of the terror attack at a bar on Dizengoff street in Tel Aviv. A witness who was present at the site told Haaretz that a vehicle sped up and entered a nearby gas station. 'The gun shots started right after that, after which he turned rightwards and rolled over.' Mayor of Tel Aviv Ron Huldai told Channel 12 News that the attack 'is a part of our daily life for a long time', adding that 'nothing will help. The enemy feels our weakness. I hope the Prime Minister will return to himself, and take care of what he promised to - personal safety, the economy and Iran. And that he'll get off his crazy attempt to turn Israel into something it is not.' - 7 April 2023: Italian Alessandro Parini from Rome has died and five other British and Italian tourists have been injured in an attack in the Israeli coastal city of Tel Aviv, as Israel’s rescue service said on Friday night - the Jewish holy day - that the 30-year-old Italian died from a gunshot wound. At the same time, Israeli police said a car had been driven into people near the beach, and that the driver had been shot and killed, according to 'The Guardian'.
29 October 2023 Israeli military increases troop numbers inside Gaza amid air strikes: 29 octobre 2023: The Israeli army said on Sunday that it will be increasing troop numbers inside the Gaza Strip and reiterated calls for civilians in Gaza to move to the south of the besieged enclave, where it said humanitarian efforts will be increasing. The news came as internet and mobile services are gradually being reestablished after being cut off on Friday during intense Israeli bombardment, according to France24 with the latest updates - 29 October 2023: The Palestinian Red Crescent said on Sunday it has received warnings from Israeli authorities to immediately evacuate al-Quds hospital in the Gaza Strip, as it is 'going to be bombarded', 13.10 CET WHO 'deeply concerned' by report of evacuation warning to Gaza's al-Quds hospital, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
30 October 2023 Netanyahu says Israel will not agree to ceasefire in Gaza, as families of hostages in Hamas video say ‘we see you’: 30 October 2023: Netanyahu says Israel will not agree to ceasefire in Gaza, as families of hostages in Hamas video say ‘we see you’, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
2 November 2023 in the Israel-Hamas war, Israeli troops ‘at the height of battle’ after pushing through Gaza City outskirts: 2 November 2023: In the Israel-Hamas, Israeli troops ‘at the height of battle’ after pushing through Gaza City outskirts, 17.39 CET a total of 400 foreign passport holders as well as 60 severely wounded Palestinians were due to cross the Rafah crossing, as a list of those approved to travel showed hundreds of USA citizens and 50 Belgians along with smaller numbers from various European, Arab, Asian and African countries, and as Egypt said it eventually plans to help evacuate 7,000 foreigners through the Rafah crossing, marking a fraction of the 2.4 million people trapped in Gaza under weeks of bombardment, 18.18 CET hospitals in northern Gaza are acting as places of shelter for about 117,000 Palestinian people displaced from their homes since the war began, ActionAid said, 18.52 GMT Hamas’s armed wing, the al-Qassam brigades, said its fighters in southern Lebanon were behind the shelling of the northern Israeli town of Kiryat Shmona, where four rockets landed in an industrial area, injuring two people and damaging buildings, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
3 November 2023 UN refugees agency says it ‘cannot provide safety’ to 600,000 people in Gaza ‘sheltering under a UN flag’: 3 November 2023: UN refugees agency says it ‘cannot provide safety’ to 600,000 people in Gaza ‘sheltering under a UN flag’, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
6 November 2023 protection of civilians 'must be paramount' in Hamas' war against Israel, UN says: 6 November 2023: 17.18 CET the deaths of scores of aid workers in airstrikes on Gaza over the past month has made the conflict the deadliest ever for UN workers. At least 88 people who worked for the UN’s agency for Palestinian refugees, UNRWA, have been killed since 7 October. Forty-seven of its buildings have been damaged. Separately, at least 150 health workers have been killed in Gaza – 16 while on duty – and 18 emergency-service workers for Gaza’s civil defence, according to the UN, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates - 6 November: UN's secretary general Guterres has said the protection of civilians 'must be paramount' in the conflict between Israel and Palestinian militants Hamas, warning that the Gaza Strip was becoming 'a graveyard for children'
9 November 2023 talks underway for a pause in military operations for hostage release: 9 November 2023: 06.14 CET 'We’re here as mothers, not as politicians', three Israeli women, fighting for their children’s lives and now also meeting diplomats, say - after their children were kidnapped from their Nir Oz kibbutz in the south of Israel and taken hostage in Gaza -, and now fighting for the lives of all children, caught up in the Hamas war against Israel, 05.50 CET the Gaza Strip faces an increased risk of disease spreading due to Israeli air bombardments that have disrupted the health system, access to clean water and caused people to crowd in shelters, the WHO warned on Wednesday, 07.12 CET negotiations are under way to reach a three-day humanitarian ceasefire in Gaza in exchange for the release of about a dozen hostages held by Hamas, according to officials/diplomats speaking on condition of anonymity to discuss sensitive diplomatic efforts, 12.23 GMT the president of Argentina Alberto Fernández has called for 'the immediate and unconditional' release of the estimated 240 hostages taken by Hamas, which include 21 Argentine citizens (the youngest of which is reportedly just nine-months-old), as at least 9 Argentine citizens - Argentina is home to Latin America’s largest Jewish community with about 180,000 Jews - were reportedly killed during the Hamas assault, and as citizens of Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru and Paraguay were also killed, 19.28 CET the Israeli military has said it has not agreed to a ceasefire but that it will continue to allow 'tactical, local pauses' to let in humanitarian aid into Gaza, coming after the USA government earlier said Israel would begin daily four-hour pauses in the northern Gaza Strip to enable Palestinians to flee, 'The Guardian' reported with live updates
12 November 2023 Hamas suspends hostage negotiations after Israeli military encircles al-Shifa hospital: 12 November 2023: 15.58 CET Hamas on Sunday said it was suspending hostage negotiations because of Israel’s handling of the al-Shifa hospital in Gaza, 18.18 CET 'Inside a darkened operating theatre in Gaza’s largest hospital complex, staff swaddled dozens of tiny premature babies eight to a bed, in a desperate effort to keep the infants warm – and alive. With no oxygen supplies or power for incubators, nurses attempted to provide what little care they could for 39 babies who were transferred from the neonatal unit in another part of the sprawling complex following a strike on Dar al-Shifa’s intensive care unit', according to Ruth Michaelson, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
13 November 2023 Joe Biden says Gaza’s al-Shifa hospital ‘must be protected’ amid heavy fighting outside: 13 November 2023: 18.28 CET the Hamas-run health ministry in Gaza has said 11,240 Palestinians have been killed within the Gaza Strip by Israeli military actions since 7 October, and that number includes 4,630 children and 3,130 women, 19.48 CET all of the hospitals in northern Gaza are no longer functioning amid fuel shortages and intense combat, according to Hamas-run health ministry, 21.02 CET Joe Biden has said that Gaza’s largest hospital 'must be protected' and called for 'less intrusive action' by Israeli forces. Hundreds of patients, including dozens of babies, remain trapped inside al-Shifa hospital in Gaza City, in the north of Gaza, as Israeli troops and Hamas militants take part in heavy fighting outside it. At least 32 patients, including three premature babies, had died over the past three days, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
15 November 2023 Biden administration says it has intelligence that Hamas was using Gaza hospital to run military operations: 15 November 2023: 17.59 CET Israel’s former deputy PM Gideon Sa’ar has reportedly told the UK publication Jewish News that his country will agree to a temporary ceasefire in Gaza to facilitate the release of hostages held by Hamas, 19.43 CET the Jerusalem Post is reporting that the Israel Defense Forces found 'weapons and technological equipment' belonging to Hamas during Wednesday’s raid on the al-Shifa hospital in Gaza City, 20.14 CET USA security spokesman says USA didn't sign off on Israel’s raid on al-Shifa hospital on Wednesday, 15.22 EST members of the UN security council have just begun their meeting in New York to discuss and vote on a draft resolution from Malta calling for humanitarian pauses to the fighting in Gaza, and a stepping up of efforts to allow aid into the war-torn territory, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
20 November 2023 USA government says hostage deal ‘closer than we’ve ever been’: 20 November 2023: USA government says hostage deal ‘closer than we’ve ever been’, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
21 November 2023 Netanyahu tells full cabinet Israel will continue war even if hostage deal is agreed: 21 November 2023: Netanyahu tells full cabinet Israel will continue war even if hostage deal is agreed, as UN warns of 'tragic, avoidable surge' in child deaths in Gaza, where on average a child is killed every 10 minutes, as hostages who are expected to be released if a deal is reached will include 30 children, eight mothers and 12 women, according to Isreali newpapter 'Haaretz' and a separate 'CNN' report, and as a meeting of the Israeli coalition follows a meeting of the war cabinet and the security cabinet, and no vote was held in the earlier meetings, according to 'Channel 12', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates about 'Hamas' war against the Jewish state, founded following World War II and the Holocaust
1 December 2023 two hostages back in Israel, says IDF, as eight Palestinian women and 22 children set to be freed: 1 December 2023: 18.29 CET The USA remains 'intensely focused' on freeing all the hostages held in Gaza despite the end of a ceasefire agreement between Israel and Hamas, according to USA secretary of state Antony Blinken, saying 'it’s also important to understand why the pause came to an end. It came to an end because of Hamas. Hamas reneged on commitments it made', and pointing to the deadly gun attack in west Jerusalem on Thursday in which three Israeli were killed, which Hamas has claimed responsibility for, 20.03 CET USA's national security spokesperson John Kirby has been talking to reporters about the end of the ceasefire, blaming Hamas for not coming up with a new list of hostages to be released, saying 'so if Hamas truly, as they claim to, do care about Palestinians, they’ll do what they can to come up with a list of hostages that can be exchanged, so that that aid can continue to flow, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
3 December 2023 ‘75% of Gaza’s population’ internally displaced: 3 December 2023: 16.51 GMT ICC prosecutor Karim Khan will intensify his efforts to advance hia investigations of possible war crimes saying that he witnessed 'scenes of calculated cruelty' at locations of Hamas’s October 7 attacks on Israel', adding 'the attacks against innocent Israeli civilians on 7 October represent some of the most serious international crimes that shock the conscience of humanity, crimes which the ICC was established to address. In my meeting with the families of the victims of these attacks, my message was clear: we stand ready to work in partnership with them as part of our ongoing work to hold those responsible to account', 16.01 CET the UN's OCHA said that about 1.8 million people – roughly 75% of Gaza’s population – are internally displaced, up from a previous figure of 1.7 million, 18.05 CET Yemen’s Houthi movement targeted two Israeli ships on Sunday with an armed drone and a naval missile according to a spokesperson for the group’s military, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
5 December 2023 WFP says ‘catastrophic hunger crisis’ is intensifying: 5 December 2023: 22.05 CET a catastrophic hunger crisis is intensifying in Gaza, the World Food Programme WFP warned on Tuesday as Israeli military operations escalate, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates - Nachdem Israels Präsident Isaac Herzog im Oktober festgestellt hatte »Seit dem Holocaust haben wir nicht mehr erlebt, wie jüdische Frauen und Kinder, Großeltern – sogar Holocaust-Überlebende – in Lastwagen gepfercht und in die Gefangenschaft gebracht wurden«, und erklärt hatte »Wir werden mit voller Kraft und unerschütterlichem Engagement handeln, um diese Bedrohung für unser Volk zu beseitigen«, berichtet die 'Jüdische Allgemeine' am 5. Dezember 2023 daß Israel zur Bekämpfung der Terroristen die Flutung von Hamas-Tunneln erwägt, um sie an die Erdoberfläche zu treiben. Es muß versucht werden, die Situation zu beenden, daß Israel zur Bekämpfung der Terroristen selbst unschuldige Menschen - darunter sehr viele Kinder - tötet.
6 December 2023 WFP says ‘catastrophic hunger crisis’ is intensifying: 6 December 2023: 06.12 CET USA president Joe Biden has denounced the reported rape and sexual violence committed against Israeli girls and women by Hamas militants during the 7 October attack on Israel, calling on the world to condemn such conduct 'without equivocation' and 'without exception', noting that in recent weeks, female survivors and witnesses to the attacks have shared 'horrific accounts of unimaginable cruelty', 16.23 CET IDF says it has found major arms depot in 'heart of civilian' area in Gaza, describing it as 'one of the largest weapons depots in the Gaza Strip' and saying it was 'found near a clinic and school' in the north of the Palestinian territory, 18.38 CET Benjamin Netanyahu has said Israeli forces were 'encircling' the Gaza house of top Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar, described by Israeli officials as the architect of the 7 October attacks, and who is now in hiding, possibly in the network of tunnels Hamas have built under southern Gaza, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
9 December 2023 UN decries inability to distribute aid to Palestinians beyond Rafah amid ‘catastrophic’ humanitarian situation in Gaza: 9 December 2023: 14.41 CET Sahar Baruch, one of the estimated 240 hostages taken during the 7 October Hamas attack on Israel, was killed in Hamas captivity, according to a joint statement from his community, the Be’eri kibbutz, and the Hostages and Missing Families Forum, saying 'it is with great sadness and a broken heart that we announce the murder of Sahar Baruch who was kidnapped from his home by Hamas terrorists to Gaza on Black Saturday and murdered there. His brother Idan was murdered by Hamas on October 7', 21.17 CET Israeli fighter jets 'completed an attack on Lebanese territory during which targets of the terrorist organization Hezbollah was attacked' according to IDF spokesman Daniel Hagari, 18.58 CET UN relief agency decries inability to distribute aid to Palestinians beyond town of Rafah amid ‘catastrophic’ humanitarian situation in Gaza, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
11 December 2023 Italy, France and Germany call on EU to impose ‘ad hoc sanctions regime’ against Hamas: 11 December 2023: 10.44 CET Italy, France and Germany are calling on the EU to impose ad hoc sanctions against Hamas and its supporters, the foreign ministers of the three nations wrote in a joint letter to the EU’s foreign policy chief Josep Borrell, saying 'we express our full support for the ... proposal to create an ad hoc sanctions regime against Hamas and its supporters', and 'the swift adoption of this sanctions regime will enable us to send a strong political message about the EU’s commitment against Hamas and our solidarity with Israel', 2.55 CET Israel’s military says that 104 members of its forces have been killed since the ground operation began, 582 soldiers have been injured inside the Gaza Strip, and its total casualties since 7 October are 433 killed and 1,645 wounded soldiers, 19.19 CET Israel has 'no intention' of staying permanently in Gaza after the completion of its military campaign to eliminate Hamas, and is open to discuss alternatives about who will control the territory as long as it is not a group hostile to Israel according to defense ministry, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
26 December 2023 Israel army chief says Gaza war to continue for ‘many more months’: 26 December 2023: 17.47 CET the chief of staff of the Israel Defense Forces Herzi Halevi told a press conference today that the military is expanding operations in southern and central Gaza as it is close to dismantling all of Hamas’s battalions in the northern part of the Gaza Strip, explaining that the war 'will continue for many more months, and we will work with different methods so that our achievements are preserved for a long time', 19.05 CET Israel will no longer grant automatic visas to UN employees, after accusing the global body of being 'complicit partners' in Hamas’s tactics, 18.48 CET Iranian officials and allied militant groups in the region have vowed revenge for the reported killing of Sayyed Razi Mousavi - a longtime adviser of the Iranian paramilitary Revolutionary Guards in Syria -, as Halevi declined to comment on the reported airstrike, saying 'we take whatever action necessary to make it very clear that we are very determined to defend the country, are willing to go far', 19.05 CET Israel’s foreign minister Eli Cohen explained that Israel 'will no longer remain silent in the face of the UN's hypocrisy!' He explained how the UN is jointly responsible for Israel's warfare including its terrible actions against Palestian civilians, because also the UN leaves Israel no choice. 'The conduct of the UN since October 7th is a disgrace to the organization and the international community. This disgrace began with the Secretary-General who legitimized war crimes and crimes against humanity, continued with the Human Rights Commissioner who publishes unsubstantiated blood libels, and with UN Women, an organization that for two months ignored the acts of rape committed against Israeli women. We will stop working with those who cooperate with the Hamas terrorist organization's propaganda', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
27 December 2023 Israel calls Erdogan's comparison of Netanyahu and Hitler 'deeply offensive': 27 December 2023: 17.55 CET after Turkey’s president Recep Tayyip Erdogan compared Benjamin Netanyahu to Adolf Hitler, Israel’s president, Isaac Herzog has released a statement on social media in which he condemned Erdogan’s comments, describing them as 'deeply offensive' to Jewish people around the world and to the memory of the millions of Jews who were killed in the Holocaust, saying 'there is no struggle more just than the war against the terrorist organization Hamas, which brutally and barbarically murdered Jews, as well as Muslims, and those of other faiths and nationalities', 20.44 CET Israeli minister Benny Gantz warns of Lebanon border situation, saying that the situation on the country’s northern border must change, adding that the time for diplomacy was running out, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
29 December 2023 19.45 CET Israel destroyed Hamas leader's hideout and rejects 'blood libel' spread by South Africa: 29 December 2023: 19.45 CET the Israel Defense Forces IDF said it located and destroyed a hideout belonging to Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar in northern Gaza, after an investigation by IDF troops found the apartment, located on the outskirts of Gaza City, as well as a large tunnel system under it, a spokesperson said, 20.05 CET Israeli foreign ministry spokesperson Lior Haiat posted on social media, saying 'South Africa’s claim lacks both a factual and a legal basis, and constitutes a despicable and contemptuous exploitation of the Court. South Africa is cooperating with a terrorist organization that is calling for the destruction of the State of Israel. The Hamas terrorist organization - which is committing war crimes, crimes against humanity and sought to commit genocide on 7 October - is responsible for the suffering of the Palestinians in the Gaza Strip by using them as human shields and stealing humanitarian aid from them. Israel is committed to international law and acts in accordance with it, and directs its military efforts solely against the Hamas terrorist organization and the other terrorist organizations cooperating with Hamas. Israel has made it clear that the residents of the Gaza Strip are not the enemy, and is making every effort to limit harm to civilians and to facilitate the entry of humanitarian aid to the Gaza Strip. We call on the International Court of Justice and the international community to completely reject South Africa’s baseless claims', 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
8 January 2024 more Israeli strikes in Syria targeting forces involved in Iran’s weapons lifeline to its proxies in the region: 8 January 2024: 14.51 CET Israel is carrying out an unprecedented wave of deadly strikes in Syria targeting cargo trucks, infrastructure and people involved in Iran’s weapons lifeline to its proxies in the region, according to six sources with direct knowledge of the matter, saying that Israel had shifted strategies following the 7 October attack by Hamas fighters into Israeli territory and the ensuing Israeli bombing campaigns in Gaza and Lebanon, and - although Israel has struck Iran-linked targets in Syria for years including areas where Lebanese armed group Hezbollah has been active - it is now unleashing deadlier, more frequent air raids against Iranian arms transfers and air defence systems in Syria, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
18 January 2024 on Hamas/Israel war day 104 USA reaffirms two-state commitment as Netanyahu vows to block Palestinian state: 18 January 2024: On day 104 of Hamas-Israel war USA reaffirms two-state commitment as Netanyahu vows to block Palestinian state, 'Haaretz' reports with live updates
22 February 2024 Israel seeking ‘right people’ to run Gaza after Hamas, as Gaza aid deliveries paused amid ‘incredible level of desperation’: 22 February 2024: 12.02 CET according to a comprehensive new analysis released by the Global Nutrition Cluster, a 'steep rise in malnutrition among children and pregnant and breastfeeding women in the Gaza Strip poses grave threats to their health', 12.28 CET Israel is seeking Palestinians who are not affiliated with Hamas to manage civilian affairs in areas of the Gaza Strip designed as testing grounds for postwar administration of the enclave, a senior Israeli official said, 08.34 CET three gunmen opened fire with automatic weapons on several vehicles near a Jewish settlement in the Israeli-occupied West Bank on Thursday, injuring eight people in a 'terror attack' according to police, as later AP reported that one Israeli was killed in the shooting, 09.55 CET Humanitarian leaders and global NGOs unite in urgent plea for Gaza and call on world leaders to 'prevent an even worse catastrophe' for civilians in Gaza, 10.55 CET the USA has urged the international court of justice ICJ in The Hague not to issue a ruling calling for Israel’s immediate withdrawal from the occupied Palestinian territories, arguing that Israeli security had to be taken into account in any solution to the conflict, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
29 February 2024 USA's Lloyd Austin said that Israel can and should do more to protect civilians: 29 February 2024: 08.41 CET New Zealand on Thursday became one of the last western countries to designate all of Hamas as a terrorist entity, saying its 7 October attacks on Israel had shattered the notion its political and military wings are separate according to AFP, 09.19 CET UK should impose sanctions on two far-right Israeli ministers who have pushed for more settlements on Palestinian land, Ed Davey has argued, saying this is vital to stop the fighting in Gaza spreading to the West Bank, 10.10 CET hospital officials say an apparent Israeli attack on a crowd of Palestinians waiting for humanitarian aid in Gaza City has killed and wounded dozens, 11.52 CET Israel’s defence minister says the country’s ultra-Orthodox community must share the burden of military service, 12.32 CET an Israeli source said Israeli troops opened fire on Thursday at 'several people' among a crowd that surrounded aid trucks in the Gaza Strip after feeling under threat, 17.59 CET the USA defense secretary Lloyd Austin said earlier today that more than 25,000 women and children had been killed by Israel since 7 October 2023, adding that Israel can and should do more to protect civilians, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
3 March 2024 Israeli cabinet member Benny Gantz angers Netanyahu by taking 'unauthorised trip to Washington': 3 March 2024: 10.47 CET Israel’s military has completed a preliminary review of the killing of over 100 Palestinian people near aid trucks last week, which determined that Israeli forces did not strike the convoy and that most Palestinians died in a stampede, according to the military spokesperson, 12.02 CET infant twins Wesam and Naeem Abu Anza born a month into the war buried on Sunday after being killed in Israeli airstrike in Rafah, 12.56 CET Yemen’s Houthis have vowed to continue targeting British ships in the Gulf of Aden following the sinking of UK-owned vessel Rubymar, 16.19 CET Benny Gantz, a retired IDF chief of staff who is part of Israel’s war cabinet, headed to Washington on Sunday for talks with USA officials, sparking a rebuke from Benjamin Netanyahu, according to an Israeli official, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
11 March 2024 European Commission ‘hopeful’ first boat from Cyprus carrying aid to Gaza will set sail soon: 11 March 2024: European Commission ‘hopeful’ first boat from Cyprus carrying aid to Gaza will set sail soon, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
17 March 2024 Netanyahu says that a pause in fighting to allow Israel elections would paralyse the country for months: 17 March 2024: 09.28 CET Israeli airstrikes hit several sites in southern Syria on Sunday morning, injuring a soldier, according to Syrian state media reported and AP, 14.29 CET Netanyahu has responded to a call for Israel to hold new elections by the USA Senate leader and ally of Joe Biden Chuck Schumer, saying that a pause in fighting to allow for elections to take place would paralyse the country for months, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates - 17 mars 2024: Benjamin Netanyahu a affirmé qu'Israël ne laissera pas les civils piégés à Rafah lorsque ses forces lanceront un assaut annoncé contre la ville du sud de Gaza, où plus d'un million de Palestiniens se sont réfugiés, selon France24 en direct - 17 March 2024: Israelis evacuated from northern border region say militants must be pushed back even at risk of more fighting, stating ‘I can’t drink my coffee and see the Hezbollah flag’
20 March 2024 Netanyahu says preparations for ground assault on Rafah will ‘take some time’: 20 March 2024: 08.29 CET at least 28 Palestinians killed in three separate overnight Israeli airstrikes on refugee camps in Gaza, 09.07 CET Israel claims it has killed 90 fighters and interrogated 300 suspects at al-Shifa hospital, 11.52 CET UK’s foreign secretary David Cameron has said it was vital to get pause in fighting, explaining 'what we must try to do is to turn that pause into a permanent sustainable ceasefire. We will only do that if a whole lot of conditions are fulfilled. We’ve got to get Hamas leaders out of Gaza, we have to dismantle the terrorist infrastructure', 15.45 CET France claims to have destroyed Houthi drone near commercial vessels in Red Sea, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
23 March 2024 Unicef's James Elder said 'never before have so many of Gaza’s children needed medical care': 23 March 2024: 10.51 CET over 170 gunmen have been killed during a prolonged operation at the main hospital in Gaza, Israeli forces revealed on Saturday, 11.23 CET nearly 600 relatives of 81 hostages have appealed to USA president Joe Biden to urge Israel’s PM Benjamin Netanyahu to negotiate a deal for their release, 16.07 CET Unicef spokesperson James Elder said that 'never before have so many of Gaza’s children needed medical care' in a video posted on social media, which showed him visiting Nasser hospital in Khan Younis and reflecting on the children he met the last time he was there, asking where a young boy named Mohamed, a young girl named Shaima and twin babies, Hannah and Kahled, that he met in Nasser hospital are now, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates
26 March 2024 Israel recalls ceasefire negotiators from Qatar because Hamas ‘not interested’ in talks: 26 March 2024: 08.30 CET the UN Security Council’s approval of a resolution calling for an immediate end to hostilities emboldened Hamas to reject the latest ceasefire proposal according to Israel's foreign minister Israel Katz, telling Israeli Army Radio that the UN resolution indicated to Hamas that international pressure was closing in on Israel and that it need only wait for the war to end through that pressure rather than agreeing to make any concessions, also criticising the USA for not vetoing the resolution that did not condemn Hamas, 10.27 CET Israel recalls negotiators from Qatar, claiming Hamas 'not interested' in talks and lamenting damage caused by UN ceasefire vote, 11.15 CET Israel’s military has said there were no casualties but that a fire broke out in the northern community of Avivim after what it described as 'three launches' from Lebanon, 'The Guardian' reports with live updates


War 2008/2009 and blockade of the Gaza-Strip: Gaza-Israel conflict: War 2008/2009 and blockade - Gaza-Strip blockade since 2007 - Gaza War 2008/2009 - Gaza conflict, UN report 2009
October 2012: 17 October: Israel's envoy asked the UN to try to persuade a Swedish ship carrying rights activists not to try to break the blockade of the Gaza Strip - 18 October: Document in Israel reveals army calculated minimum calories Gazans needed to eat during blockade to avoid malnutrition - 20 October: Ship carrying pro-Palestinian activists seeking to reach Gaza is seized by Israeli soldiers - 24 octobre: L'émir du Qatar à Gaza, une visite 'historique'
2015: 6 March 2015: Israel’s decision to double water supplies to Gaza is an improvement but still inadequate, experts say - 13 April: 45 aid organizations sign on to report that insists only open borders and a durable Israel-Hamas ceasefire can bring economic, social and political stability to Gaza - 30 April: As protesters in three Israeli cities urge an end to Gaza blockade, Hamas violently disperses parallel rally in Gaza - 23 May 2015: Gulf States, Turkey give only 12 percent of $2b pledge for Gaza reconstruction - 29 June: Israeli Navy intercepts Gaza-bound ship 'Marianne', escorting the Swedish-registered vessel to Ashdod Port - 5 July 2015: A year after Operation Protective Edge, some 100,000 Gazans remain homeless, with unemployment and poverty even more crippling than they were a year ago - 2 September 2015: Gaza could soon become uninhabitable, UN report predicts
14 February 2021 Israel to begin importing natural gas to Gaza: 14 February 2021: Israel to begin importing natural gas to Gaza

Israeli settlements, civilian communities inhabited by Israeli citizens, almost exclusively of Jewish ethnicity, built predominantly on lands called the Palestinian territories, which Israel has militarily occupied since the 1967 Six-Day War, and partly on lands considered Syrian territory also militarily occupied by Israel since the 1967 war, such settlements within Palestinian territories currently exist in the West Bank and East Jerusalem, and within Syrian territory in the Golan Heights - June 1967 Six-Day War's aftermath, the cease-fire agreement following the 1967 Six-Day War leaves Israel in control of a number of areas - Administration and local government
Population statistics for Israeli settlements in the West Bank: Population statistics for Israeli settlements in the West Bank
Since 1922 Israeli settlement timeline: Since 1922 Israeli settlement timeline
After World War I 1914-18 antisemitic Palestinian riots in Jerusalem and other Jewish communities: In April 1920 Palestinian anti-Zionist riots in the Jewish quarter of Old Jerusalem killed several and injured scores. British authorities attributed the riots to Arab disappointment at not having the promises of independence fulfilled and to fears, played on by some Muslim and Christian leaders, of a massive influx of Jews. The arrival of more than 18,000 Jewish immigrants between 1919 and 1921 and land purchases in 1921 by the Jewish National Fund further aroused Arab opposition. Then a new and now civil administration proceeded to implement the Balfour Declaration, announcing in August a quota of 16,500 Jewish immigrants for the first year. In July 1922 the Council of the League of Nations approved the mandate instrument for Palestine, including its preamble incorporating the Balfour Declaration and stressing the Jewish historical connection with Palestine.
Since 1967 new Kfar Etzion settlement and its history: Since 1967 new Kfar Etzion settlement and its history
2010 Israeli settlement timeline: 2010 Israeli settlement timeline

Peace process in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict - List of Arab–Israeli peace proposals and treaties - Quartet on the Middle East - Roadmap for peace - Direct negotiations between Israel and the Palestinians (2010-2011)
September 2011: 1 September: UN calls Israeli raid on flotilla 'excessive' - 2. September: Türkei weist Israels Botschafter aus - 3 September: Ban Ki Moon urges Israel and Turkey to fix ties - 4 septembre: La Turquie va saisir la 'Cour internationale de justice' pour contester la légalité du blocus de Gaza - 4. September: USA wollen UN-Abstimmung über Palästinenserstaat verhindern - Vorschlag zu neuer Runde jahrzehntewährender Friedensdiplomatie - 13 September: Palestinian state an obligation, says Erdogan in an adress to Arab states meeting in Cairo - 14. September: Präsident Abbas strebt Anerkennung Palästinas bei den UN als Stärkung der Verhandlungsposition an, nicht als Ende von Verhandlungen - 15 September: UN secretary-general says he hopes for meaningful dialogue in run-up to Palestine's statehood bid - 16 September: Abbas to seek full UN membership for Palestinian state - 19 September: Global poll supports Palestinian state - 26 September: UN Security Council has begun consultations on the request of Palestinian membership - 27. September: UN-Sicherheitsrat schiebt Entscheid über Palästinenser-Antrag auf lange Bank - 28. September: Sogar US-Kritik an israelischer Siedlungspolitik
June 2018 Gulf states' investment in Gaza economy proposal: 23 June 2018: USA reportedly urges Arab states to fund Gaza infrastructure projects
Arab-Israeli peace projects: Arab-Israeli peace projects
Israeli–Palestinian economic peace efforts: Israeli–Palestinian economic peace efforts




Jordan - Geography of Jordan - History of Jordan - Demographics of Jordan
Industry in Jordan: Industry in Jordan
Agriculture in Jordan: Agriculture in Jordan
Tourism in Jordan: Tourism in Jordan
Central Bank of Jordan: Central Bank of Jordan
Amman Stock Exchange: Amman Stock Exchange
Economic history of Jordan and economic cycles: Economic history of Jordan - Since 1995 Jordan Investment Commission
1980–2017 main economic indicators in Jordan: Jordanian main economic indicators in 1980–2017
Labor in Jordan: Labor in Jordan
Taxation in Jordan: Taxation in Jordan
Jordanian Armed Forces: Jordanian Armed Forces
Trade unions in Jordan: Trade unions in Jordan
June 2018 protests: 2 June 2018: After angry protests across the cash-strapped country burdened by poverty and unemployment, Jordan’s King Abdullah II ordered the government on Friday to freeze new price hikes on fuel and electricity - 3 June 2018: Protests have taken place in cities across Jordan against IMF-backed austerity measures including a new income-tax draft law and price-hikes, hours after the government and unions failed to reach an agreement to end the standoff - 5 June 2018: As protests persist, Jordan’s king backs reforms but won’t nix tax hike, wishing to find solution 'away from traditional approach' but avoiding specifics, as protesters return to streets even after PM sacked - 6 June 2018: Jordan’s king calls for a review of the controversial draft tax law, as anti-austerity protesters stage another night of demonstrations in Amman and trade unions vow to hold a general strike - 7 June 2018: Doctors, lawyers and teachers staged a strike across Jordan on Wednesday in protest over IMF-backed austerity measures including a proposed income tax law that have sparked a week of angry demonstrations - 9 June 2018: Despite shelving of tax hike in wake of demonstrations, Jordan’s poor have little hope of change
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Jordan: Jordanian society - Human rights in Jordan
Cities in Jordan: List of cities in Jordan
Demographics of Jordan: Demographics of Jordan
Ethnic groups in Jordan: Ethnic groups in Jordan
Culture of Jordan: Culture of Jordan
Languages of Jordan: Languages of Jordan - Jordanian Arabic
Women in Jordan: Women in Jordan
October 2019 call to abolish male ‘guardianship’ system: Human rights group has called on Jordan to end what it has described as an abusive system24 October 2019: Human rights group has called on Jordan to end what it has described as an abusive system that jails women if they disobey their male 'guardians' or have relationships deemed inappropriate
Education in Jordan: Education in Jordan
Universities in Jordan: Universities in Jordan
Health in Jordan: Health in Jordan
Disease outbreaks in Jordan: Disease outbreaks in Jordan
2012-2014 Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus outbreak: 2012-2014 Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus outbreak also in Jordan
Religion and freedom of religion in Jordan: Religion in Jordan - Jordan's state religion is Islam
Crime in Jordan: Crime in Jordan
Corruption in Jordan: Corruption in Jordan
Violence and terrorism in Jordan: Terrorism in Jordan
Human trafficking in Jordan: Human trafficking in Jordan
Foreign relations of Jordan: Foreign relations of Jordan
Treaties of Jordan: Treaties of Jordan
Refugee camps in Jordan: Refugee camps in Jordan
Jordan and the United Nations:
Jordan is an active member of the United Nations and several of its specialized and related agencies, including the Food and Agriculture Organization, International Atomic Energy Agency, World Health Organization. the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund
Bilateral relations of Jordan: Bilateral relations of Jordan
Jordan/France relations: Jordan/France relations
Jordan/Iran relations: Jordan/Iran relations
History of Jordanian-Iranian relations since 1949: 27 December 2016: Evolution of the Jordanian-Iranian relations since 1949
Jordan/Israel relations: Jordan/Israel relations
Water politics in the Jordan River basin: Jordan River - Water politics in the Jordan River basin
1949 Armistice Agreements: 1949 Armistice Agreements
1994 Israel–Jordan Treaty of Peace: Israel–Jordan Treaty of Peace 1994
July 2017: 24 July 2017: Israeli government says, Israeli Embassy guard is protected from arrest and investigation by Vienna Convention, as Jordan won’t let him leave the country after he shot dead a Jordanian man who attacked him with a screwdriver at Israel’s embassy compound in Amman - 25 July 2017: Jordan investigation concludes Jordanian teen attacked Amman security officer, who then shot his assailant, killing him and another Jordanian national by accident - 28 July 2017: Jordan king visits slain embassy stabber’s family, after 17-year-old Jordanian Mohammed Mohammed al-Jawawdeh attacked Israeli security guard Ziv, whose last name has not been cleared for publication, and was shot dead by him acting in self-defense, and after family of Jordanian stabber demanded death penalty for Israeli guard, also saying if he did carry out attack, he’s 'a martyr’
Jordan/Pakistan relations: Jordan/Pakistan relations
Jordan/Palestinian territories relations: Jordan/Palestinian territories relations - Jordan River
Since 1949 Palestine refugee camps in Jordan: Palestine refugee camps in Jordan since 1949
Jordan/Qatar relations: Jordan/Qatar relations since 1972
2014: 6 April 2014: Syrian refugee killed and dozens wounded in riot at Zaatari refugee camp after the detention of a refugee family and a driver - 21 May: As Assad's war has forced two and a half million Syrians to flee, journalist and photographer visits two refugee camps in Jordan run by UNHCR - 27 May 2014: Jordan gives Assad regime's ambassador 24 hours to leave after violation of diplomatic protocol, in response Assad regime expels Jordan's ambassador - 31 July 2014: At Jordan's Zaatari refugee camp near the border with Syria, the horror of the neighboring country's civil war can be seen in the faces of its youngest refugees - 24 December: 'Islamic State' captures Jordan pilot after coalition warplane crashed in Syria, UN urges to treat the pilot in accordance with international humanitarian law
Jordan/United Kingdom relations: Jordan/United Kingdom relations
Jordan/USA relations: Jordan/USA relations
Environment of Jordan: Environment of Jordan
Natural disasters in Jordan: 2013 Middle East cold snap and floods


Kuwait - Geography of Kuwait - History of Kuwait - Demographics of Kuwait
External trade and finance of Kuwait: External trade and finance of Kuwait
Society, demographics and human rights in Kuwait: Kuwaiti society - Human rights in Kuwait
Nepalis in Kuwait: Nepalis in Kuwait
Women and women's rights in Kuwait: Women in Kuwait - Women's rights in Kuwait - Polygamy in Kuwait
Migrant workers in Kuwait: Migrant workers in Kuwait
Health in Kuwait: Health in Kuwait
Crime in Kuwait: Crime in Kuwait
Antisemitism in the Arab world and in Middle East countries: Antisemitism in the Middle East by country - Antisemitism in the Arab world - Islam and antisemitism
Terrorism in Kuwait: Terrorism in Kuwait
Human trafficking in Kuwait: Human trafficking in Kuwait
Elections and politics in Kuwait: Elections in Kuwait - Kuwait National Assembly
Since 2011 Kuwaiti protests, repression and politics: Since 2011 Kuwaiti protests
Kuwait/Germany relations: Kuwait/Germany relations
Kuwait/Pakistan relations: Kuwait/Pakistan relations
Kuwait/Saudi Arabia relations: Kuwait/Saudi Arabia relations
Kuwait/United Kingdom relations: Kuwait/United Kingdom relations
Kuwait/USA relations: Kuwait/USA relations
Environment of Kuwait: Environment of Kuwait
Water in Kuwait: Water in Kuwait - Biota of Kuwait
Disasters, man-made and natural disasters in Kuwait: Disasters in Kuwait, man-made and natural disasters in Kuwait


Lebanon - Geography of Lebanon - History of Lebanon - Lebanese Civil War 1975-1990 - Demographics of Lebanon
Tourism in Lebanon: Tourism in Lebanon
Agriculture in Lebanon: Agriculture in Lebanon - Lebanese wine
Water supply and sanitation in Lebanon: Water supply and sanitation in Lebanon
Banking and financial services in Lebanon: List of banks in Lebanon - Banque du Liban - Beirut Stock Exchange
Economic history of Lebanon and economic cycles: Economic history of Lebanon
Since 1975-1990 economic history of Lebanon, civil war and external trade: 1975-90 Lebanese civil war, seriously damaging Lebanon's economic infrastructure, and external trade
Military history of Lebanon: Military history of Lebanon
Taxation, fiscal haven and budget of Lebanon: Inequality in Lebanon and fiscal haven - Taxation in Lebanon
Elections and politics in Lebanon: Elections in Lebanon - Lebanese general election 2009
May 2017 Lebanese general election: 21 May 2017 Lebanese general election
November 2017: 4 November 2017: Lebanon’s PM Hariri resigns fearing for his life, slams Iran and Hezbollah, saying Tehran spreading chaos and destruction, accuses terror group of holding country hostage - 12 November 2017: In a Lebanese TV live interview Lebanon’s PM Saad Hariri said he was ready to die for Lebanon, remembering his father and former PM Rafik Hariri, who was killed by a car bomb in Beirut in 2005, but adding that he didn’t want his children to go through that kind of ordeal, after terrorist Hezbollah's Hassan Nasrallah said on Friday that Hariri was 'detained in Saudi Arabia' and 'banned from returning to Lebanon' - 22 November 2017: Back in Lebanon and holding first meeting with president since announcing surprise resignation from Saudi Arabia, PM Hariri delays resignation, after saying more than a week ago he could walk back from his resignation if Hezbollah withdrew from regional conflicts, including Syria
31 August 2020 Mustapha Adib wins support to form government in Lebanon: 31 August 2020: Mustapha Adib wins support to form government in Lebanon
11 September 2020 Nasrallah boasts about stretching the Israeli army to the limit: 11 September 2020: Nasrallah boasts about stretching the Israeli army to the limit
10 December 2020 Lebanon's caretaker PM and ex-ministers charged over Beirut blast: 10 December 2020: Lebanon's caretaker PM and ex-ministers charged over Beirut blast
11 April 2021 more than 50% of Lebanon's population now trapped in poverty: 11 avril 2021: Plus de 50% des Libanais vivent sous le seuil de pauvreté
14 July 2021 Lebanon’s Hariri presents cabinet to president to end deadlock: 14 July 2021: Lebanon’s Hariri presents cabinet to president to end deadlock
29 July 2021 Lebanon parliament ready to lift immunity for Beirut blast probe: 29 July 2021: Lebanon parliament ready to lift immunity for Beirut blast probe
10 August 2021 Lebanon’s worsening fuel crisis spurs violence, leaves three dead: 10 Aaugust 2021: Lebanon’s worsening fuel crisis spurs violence, leaves three dead
22 October 2021 gunfire and sectarian anger renew civil war fears in Lebanon: 22 October 2021: Gunfire and sectarian anger renew civil war fears in Lebanon
23 April 2022 Lebanese opposition election candidates face threats and attacks: 23 April 2022: Lebanese opposition election candidates face threats and attacks in the upcoming parliamentary election campaign, accusing supporters of traditional parties of disrupting their campaigns
15 May 2022 Lebanese general election: 15 May 2022 Lebanese general election, after country has for several years been the subject of chronic political instability as well as a serious economic crisis aggravated by the explosions that hit the port of Beirut in 2020 and faced large-scale demonstrations against the political class - Political parties and coalitions, as on 24 January 2022 Saad Hariri announced his withdrawal from Lebanese politics and that he would not run in the 2022 general elections, also calling on the Future Movement to follow suit and not run in the upcoming parliamentary elections nor nominate anyone to run on its behalf - Opinion polls for the 2022 Lebanese elections found in December that nearly 40% of the people polled are willing to vote for an independent or 17 October Revolutionary candidate, Hezbollah and Amal with around 17% combined
August/September 2015 and 2015/2016 protests: 2015/2016 Lebanese protests, series of protests in response to the government's failure to dispose accumulated waste after the capital's main landfill was closed a month ago - 23 August 2015: Lebanese police fired tear gas and water cannon and shot in the air to try to disperse thousands of protesters in Beirut calling on the Salam government to step down for mishandling a dispute which left rubbish uncollected in the streets for weeks - 29 August: Thousands of protesters waving Lebanese flags took to the streets of Beirut for an unprecedented mobilisation against sectarian politicians they say are incompetent and corrupt - 5 September: Thousands of protesters rally in Beirut over politician's call to elect Lebanon's president by popular vote to address the crisis that has paralysed government and parliament
22-28 November 2019 sixth week of Lebanese protests: 22-28 November 2019 sixth week of Lebanese protests
Since June 2021 Lebanese protests: Since June 2021 Lebanese protests
Society, demographics, culture, religion and human rights in Lebanon: Lebanese society - Human rights in Lebanon
Governorates, districts and municipalities of Lebanon: 8 Governorates of Lebanon - 26 Districts of Lebanon - List of municipalities of Lebanon
July 2006 Jiyeh Power Station oil spill: July 2006 Jiyeh Power Station oil spill
Timeline of Beirut: Timeline of Beirut
Since 1920 Beirut Stock Exchange: Since 1920 Beirut Stock Exchange
Since 1933 Parliament of Lebanon: Since 1933 Parliament of Lebanon building erected
Since 1942 National Museum of Beirut: Since 1942 National Museum of Beirut
1975-1990 Lebanese Civil War: 1975-1990 Lebanese Civil War
8 August 2020 sunken Russian ship that brought ammonium nitrate to Beirut and never left: 8 August 2020: Sunken hull of Cyprus-based Russian businessman Igor Grechushkin owned MV 'Rhosus', whose cargo of thousands of tons of ammonium nitrate was responsible for the huge explosion that devastated Beirut last week, and which arrived in Lebanon in November 2013 while sailing from Georgia and bound for Mozambique, making the unscheduled detour to Beirut as the Russian shipowner was struggling with debts and hoped to earn some extra cash through picking up cargo in Lebanon, but 'Rhosus', reportedly unseaworthy, was soon impounded by the Lebanese authorities for failing to pay port fees and the dangerous cargo was impounded and unloaded by Lebanese authorities, as Russian shipowner Igor Grechushkin later abandoned crew members without paying their wages or the debt he owed to the port
29 July 2021 Lebanon parliament ready to lift immunity for Beirut blast probe: 29 July 2021: Lebanon parliament ready to lift immunity for Beirut blast probe
4 August 2020 - 4 August 2021 testimonies and commemoration: 4 August 2021: After on 4 August 2020 the city of Beirut was rocked by an enormous blast as hundreds of tons of improperly stored ammonium nitrate exploded - one of the largest non-nuclear explosions ever recorded, killing more than 200 people, wounding thousands, and devastating swathes of Beirut - and after no one has yet been made accountable, the British 'BBC' spoke to survivors of the devastating blast, as France24 2:10 p.m. to 2:50 p.m. reported live from Beirut, saying the grim anniversary, marked with a national day of mourning, comes amid an unprecedented economic and financial meltdown, and a political stalemate that has kept the country without a functioning government for a full year, and presenting an interview with Lebanon's Lynn Tehini
June 2013 in Baalbek incidents Hezbollah terrorist group slays dozen Syrian rebels: 2 June 2013: During Baalbek incidents Hezbollah terrorist group slays dozen Syrian rebels in Lebanon ambush
Demographics of Sidon: Demographics of Sidon
Port of Sidon: Port of Sidon
History and timeline of Sidon: History and timeline of Sidon
Economy of Tripoli: Economy of Tripoli
Oil pollution from ships at Lebanese ports: Oil pollution from ships at Lebanese ports
Since 1982 University of Tripoli Lebanon: Since 1982 University of Tripoli Lebanon
August 2012 August Tripoli clashes: August 2012 August Tripoli clashes
June/July 2019 Islamic terrorists claim June attack in Tripoli that killed four: 5 July 2019: Islamic terrorists claim June attack that killed four on patrol in Lebanon’s Tripoli
Demographics and ethnic groups in Lebanon: Demographics of Lebanon - Ethnic groups in Lebanon
Culture and languages of Lebanon: Culture of Lebanon - Languages of Lebanon
Lebanese Arabic: Lebanese Arabic
Women and women's rights in Lebanon: Women in Lebanon and women's rights
2012 Gender Index in Lebanon: Gender equality in Lebanon, Gender Index 2012
25 March 2012 over 30 NGOs demonstrate in Beirut for women's rights: 25 March 2012: Over 30 NGOs demonstrate in Beirut for women's rights
9 March 2014 people march through Beirut demanding law against domestic violence: 9 March 2014: Thousands of people march through Beirut to demand politicians pass a law against domestic violence
Children, children's rights, child labor in Lebanon: Children, children's rights, child labor in Lebanon
Schools in Lebanon: List of schools in Lebanon
Since February 2020 Chinese covid-19 pandemic in Lebanon: Since February 2020 Chinese covid-19 pandemic in Lebanon and timeline
Broadcasting in Lebanon: Radio in Lebanon - Television in Lebanon
Internet in Lebanon: Internet in Lebanon
Christianity and Islam in Lebanon: Christianity in Lebanon - Orthodox Christianity in Lebanon - Maronites in Lebanon
Druze: Druze
Crime in Lebanon: Crime in Lebanon
Violence and terrorism in Lebanon: Terrorism in Lebanon
Since 2004 Lebanon bombings and assassinations: Lebanon bombings and assassinations since 2004
February 2005 assassination of Rafic Hariri: On 14 February 2005 the former Prime Minister of Lebanon Rafic Hariri was assassinated along with 21 others in Beirut - UN International Independent Investigation Commission 2005-2009 - Special Tribunal for Lebanon since 2009 - 30 June 2011: Hariri murder - Special Tribunal for Lebanon charges four Hezbollah members and issues arrest warrants - 17 August: UN tribunal releases Hariri indictment lifting confidentiality restrictions - 13 May 2012: Two killed in sectarian clashes in Tripoli - 21 May: Two die in first Beirut clashes over Syria conflict - 3 June: Pro- and anti-Syrian groups clash in Lebanon - 3 June: Extra forces are deployed to Tripoli after deadly Syria-linked sectarian clashes 19 June 2012: Palestinians killed at Lebanon refugee camps - 24 October 2012: Judges rule UN-backed court can try four over Hariri murder
January 2014 trial of Hezbollah members accused of murdering former Lebanese PM Rafik Hariri set to begin at tribunal at The Hague: 16 January 2014: The trial of four men accused of murdering former Lebanese PM Rafik Hariri is set to begin at an unprecedented tribunal at The Hague
August 2020 trial at tribunal at The Hague of four men accused of murdering Rafik Hariri ongoing: August 2020: The trial of four men accused of murdering former Lebanese PM Rafik Hariri at tribunal at The Hague trial is ongoing in August 2020
Since 2011 conflict in Lebanon and Syrian Assad regime's war spillover: Since 2011 conflict in Lebanon and Syrian Assad regime's war spillover
May 2013 firefights in northern Lebanon between Sunni Muslims and Alawites: 24 mai 2013: À Tripoli, sunnites et alaouites se déchirent comme en Syrie - 26 May: Firefights in northern Lebanon between Sunni Muslims and Alawites have killed 30 people - 26 May 2013: Four people were wounded on Sunday when two rockets exploded in the Shiite-majority Hezbollah heartland of south Beirut - 9 July: A car bomb rocked Beirut's southern suburbs, a stronghold of Lebanon's Shiite Hezbollah movement, injuring at least 53 people - 15 August: Twenty people were killed in an explosion which struck the southern Beirut stronghold of Lebanon's militant Hezbollah group - 23 August: As locals were finishing Friday prayers in the largely Sunni Muslim city of Tripoli, bombs hit two mosques, killing at least 42 people and wounding hundreds - 30 August: Lebanon on Friday charged five men, including a Sunni Muslim cleric close to the Syrian government and a Syrian military officer, over bomb attacks on two mosques in the northern city of Tripoli last week that killed at least 42 people - 28 September: Gunbattles between Hezbollah fighters and local residents in the city of Baalbek in eastern Lebanon kill at least three people, including two Hezbollah members, leaving several others wounded - 19 November: Seven people reportedly killed as explosions struck near the Iranian embassy in Beirut
2014: 3 January: Deadly car bomb strikes Hezbollah stronghold in Beirut - 16 January: At least three people killed and several more wounded when a car bomb exploded near a local government building in Hermel - 21 January: Suicide bombing kills four people in the Haret Hreik area of Beirut - 2 Februry: Deadly car bomb hits Hezbollah stronghold Hermel - 3 February: A suicide bomber blew himself up in a passenger van in Beirut, wounding at least six people - 19 February: A blast in the southern suburbs of Beirut on Wednesday reportedly killed four people and wounded 19 - 16 March: Suicide bomb kills three people in Nabi Osmane in Lebanon's Bekaa Valley - 23 March: One person was killed and 10 people wounded in clashes in Beirut between Assad loyalists and opponents - 24 June 2014: Beirut suicide bombing wounds 19 people as conflict in Syria causes unrest across border - 14 July: Six dead as Hezbollah battles Syria rebels on Lebanon border
Women's rights and violence in Lebanon: Women's rights and violence in Lebanon
August 2020 trial at tribunal at The Hague of four men accused of murdering Rafik Hariri ongoing: August 2020: The trial of four men accused of murdering former Lebanese PM Rafik Hariri at tribunal at The Hague trial is ongoing in August 2020
Lebanon's military courts:
Law enforcement in Lebanon: Law enforcement in Lebanon
Foreign relations of Lebanon: Foreign relations of Lebanon
Since 1982 Hezbollah's alleged suicide and terror attacks in the Middle East and worldwide: Since 1982 Hezbollah's alleged suicide and terror attacks in the Middle East and worldwide
Since 1982 Hezbollah military activities: Hezbollah military activities since 1982 - Hezbollah armed strength
Russian and Iranian weapons for Lebanese Hezbollah terrorists: Russian and Iranian weapons for Lebanese Hezbollah
Since 2009 Special Tribunal for Lebanon: Special Tribunal for Lebanon since 2009
June 2011 Hezbollah officials indictments in 2005 Hariri murder probe: 30 June 2011: Hezbollah officials receive indictments in 2005 Hariri murder probe
29 June 2022 Israel accuses Hezbollah of trying to hack UN Lebanon peacekeepers: 29 June 2022: Israel accuses Hezbollah of trying to hack UN Lebanon peacekeepers
Bilateral relations of Lebanon: Bilateral relations of Lebanon
Lebanon/Australia relations: Lebanon/Australia relations
Lebanon/Brazil relations: Lebanon/Brazil relations
Lebanon/France relations: Lebanon/France relations
Lebanon/Guatemala relations: Lebanon/Guatemala relations
Lebanon/Iran relations: Lebanon/Iran relations
Iranian weapons for Lebanon: Iran's military support of Lebanon
Since 1980s Iranian funding of Hezbollah and Russian and Iranian weapons for Hezbollah: Iranian military funding of Hezbollah - Russian and Iranian weapons for Lebanese Hezbollah
2017 Iran established factories in Lebanon under control of Hezbollah terror group: 13/14 March 2017: Iran has established factories in Lebanon under the full control of the Hezbollah terror group, that can produce different types of missiles and firearms, a top Iranian general told a Kuwaiti newspaper - 6 May 2017: Lebanese Forces' Samir Geagea blames Iran for several regional conflicts, saying that Iran’s actions breach the legitimacy of countries in the region, also stressing that Hezbollah has made a strategic mistake by getting involved on the side of Assad - 9 July 2017: Iran-backed Hezbollah terrorist group reportedly constructing at least two underground facilities in Lebanon for manufacturing missiles and other weaponry - 27 September 2017: Iran is working tirelessly to outfit the Hezbollah terrorist group with more accurate missiles for a future war with Israel, according to IDF
Lebanon/Israel relations: Lebanon/Israel relations - Hasbani River
2014: 25 February: Israeli planes attack Hezbollah targets on Lebanon-Syria border - 28 February: Israel warns Lebanon to curb Hezbollah threats - 5 March: Israeli troops shot Hezbollah fighters near Golan Heights, trying to plant a bomb - 14 March: An explosive charge detonates near Har Dov in the vicinity of the Israel-Lebanon border targeting an IDF force - 15 March: Lebanon's new government agrees to a statement that fell short of explicitly enshrining Hezbollah's role in confronting Israel - 7 April: Nasrallah says March bombing of Israeli patrol was intended to highlight Hezbollah's ability to fight Israel despite battle in Syria - 14 July 2014: Rockets fired at Israel from southern Lebanon, drawing retaliatory artillery fire from Israeli forces, in the third such rocket attack from Lebanon since Friday - 7 October: Hezbollah claims responsibility for blasts near Israel-Lebanon border, after two Israeli soldiers wounded
2017: 16 July 2017: Israel won’t tolerate Iranian bases in Lebanon and Syria, Israeli PM Netanyahu says in Paris after a ceremony earlier in the day marking 75 years since the roundup and deportation of more than 13,000 French Jews during the Holocaust, also saying that Syria ceasefire deal, hammered out by the USA and Russia, will create a long-term threat on Israel’s northern border by cementing Tehran’s presence - 1 October 2017: Lebanon’s Hezbollah terror group's Nasrallah on Sunday warned Jews living in Israel to leave the country as soon as possible before a destructive war between the Jewish state and his organization takes place - 28 December 2017: Lebanese lawmakers call for FM Gebran Bassil to resign after stating in a TV interview that Beirut has no ideological problem with the Jewish state
List of Lebanese rocket attacks on Israel: List of Lebanese rocket attacks on Israel
Lebanon/Japan relations: Lebanon/Japan relations
Lebanon/Russia relations: Lebanon/Russia relations
8 August 2020 sunken Russian ship that brought ammonium nitrate to Beirut and never left: 8 August 2020: Sunken hull of Cyprus-based Russian businessman Igor Grechushkin owned MV 'Rhosus', whose cargo of thousands of tons of ammonium nitrate was responsible for the huge explosion that devastated Beirut last week, and which arrived in Lebanon in November 2013 while sailing from Georgia and bound for Mozambique, making the unscheduled detour to Beirut as the Russian shipowner was struggling with debts and hoped to earn some extra cash through picking up cargo in Lebanon, but 'Rhosus', reportedly unseaworthy, was soon impounded by the Lebanese authorities for failing to pay port fees and the dangerous cargo was impounded and unloaded by Lebanese authorities, as Russian shipowner Igor Grechushkin later abandoned crew members without paying their wages or the debt he owed to the port
Lebanon/Saudi Arabia relations: Lebanon/Saudi Arabia relations
Since 4 November 2017 Lebanon–Saudi Arabia dispute: Since 4 November 2017 Lebanon–Saudi Arabia dispute
Lebanon/Serbia relations: Lebanon/Serbia relations
Lebanon/Syria relations: Lebanon/Syria relations
1976-2005 Syrian occupation of Lebanon: Syrian occupation of Lebanon 1976-2005
Since 2011 Iranian-backed Hezbollah's involvement in Assad's war against the Syrian people: Since 2011 Iranian-backed Hezbollah's involvement in Assad's war against the Syrian people and timeline of Hezbollah's deployment in Syria
Since 2011 Syrian Assad regime's war spillover in Lebanon: Syrian Assad regime's war spillover in Lebanon June 2011 – present
Since 2011 refugees of Assad's war against the Syrian people in Lebanon: Since 2011 Refugees of Assad's war against the Syrian people in Lebanon
2012: 13. Mai 2012: Kämpfe in Syrien greifen auf Libanon über - Zwei Tote bei Gefechten zwischen Gegnern und Anhängern Asads - 7 July 2012: At least three people have been killed and nine injured in northern Lebanon in shelling from across the Syrian border - 7. Juli 2012: Das syrische Militär hat mehrere Dörfer im Norden Libanons beschossen und drei Menschen getötet und zahlreiche weitere verletzt - 10 juillet: Des obus du côté syrien s'abattent au Liban après échange de tirs - 11 August: Syrian security chief accused of terrorist plot, Lebanon's military prosecutor general says - 16 August: Lebanon revenge kidnappings raise tensions - 22 août: Touché par le conflit syrien neuf personnes tuées et 84 blessées à Tripoli - 24 August: Syria spillover clashes escalate in Lebanon - 20 October: Lebanese opposition politicians blame President Assad for bombing that kills senior security official Wissam al-Hassan and seven others in Beirut - 21 octobre: L'opposition libanaise appelle à un grand rassemblement contre le régime syrien - 23 October: Lebanon opposition MPs receive 'Syria threats' by SMS - 5 December: At least two people were killed in clashes between Sunni-dominated Bab al-Tebbaneh and Alawite-dominated Jabal Mohsen in Tripoli - 6 December: At least six people killed in two days of fighting between gunmen loyal to opposing sides in Syria's conflict - 10 December: Deadly clashes continue in Tripoli after Lebanon received bodies from a group of 14 Lebanese killed in Syria
2013: 5 February 2013: A Lebanese judge issues arrest warrant for top Syrian intelligence official Ali Mamlouk for his alleged involvement in bomb plot - 24 February: One killed in fierce Syria-Lebanon border fighting as Lebanese president Sleiman demanded that Syria 'refrain from firing towards Lebanese territory' - 19 March: Assad's Russian warplanes bomb Lebanon border area targeting Syrian opposition in Lebanese Arsal town - 3 April: Syrian Assad jet fires missile into Lebanon border town Arsal - 24 April: As fierce clashes continue in the border villages of al Qusayr, there are growing fears that Lebanon is being drawn further into the Syrian conflict - 9 May: Hezbollah says Syria to supply 'game-changing arms' - 20 May: As Assad's warplanes bomb Qusair and as his army is hitting the town with tanks and artillery from the north and east, Iran-backed Lebanese Hezbollah is firing mortar rounds and multiple rocket launchers from the south and west - 28 May: Gunmen kill three Lebanese soldiers on Syria border east of Arsal - 3 June: Lebanon sees worst clashes yet from Syria - 12 June: After a helicopter gunship attacked the eastern town of Arsal, Lebanon army warns will hit back against any new Assad raids - 20 June: As Iraq and Lebanon are alarmed at spreading Syria war, Lebanon's president urges his country's Hezbollah movement to pull its fighters out of the conflict - 24 juin: La ville côtière de Saïda, nouveau foyer de tensions sunnito-chiites - 3 August: Near the border with Lebanon an Assad warplane has killed at least nine people including six members of the same family and wounded nine others, targeting the opposition-held Syrian town of Yabroud just across the border from the Lebanese town of Arsal - 24 August: Lebanon is to observe a day of national mourning Saturday for 42 people killed in powerful bombings outside two Sunni mosques in a city riven by strife over Syria's war - 30 August: Lebanon on Friday charged five men, including a Sunni Muslim cleric close to the Syrian government and a Syrian military officer, over bomb attacks on two mosques in the northern city of Tripoli last week that killed at least 42 people - 19 octobre: Libération de neuf otages libanais détenus en Syrie depuis mai 2012 - 30 November: Four people were killed in Tripoli on Saturday in exchanges of fire between neighborhoods that support rival sides in Syria's civil war - 2 December: Gun battles and rocket fire in Tripoli killed at least 10 people and wounded dozens more over the weekend - 31 December: Lebanese army fires at Syrian aircraft after border raid
2014: 17 January 2014: Assad rockets kill seven people in Lebanese border town of Arsal wounding at least 15 - 27 January: Syrian refugees in Lebanon exceed 890,000 - 2 February: Explosion kills four people in Hermel, a Hezbollah stronghold near Syria - 2 February: Explosion kills four people in Hermel, a Hezbollah stronghold near Syria - 22 February: A suicide bomber killed two Lebanese soldiers and a civilian with a car bomb at an army checkpoint in Hermel - 16 March: Suicide bomb kills three people in Nabi Osmane in Lebanon's Bekaa Valley - 29 March: Car bomb kills three soldiers in attack on Lebanese army checkpoint in Arsal - 3 April: The number of Syrians registered as refugees in Lebanon has surpassed one million, UN says - 20 May: Lebanon is desperate for help as tens of thousands of Syrian refugees continue to stream into the small country that will have 1.5 million refugees by year end, UN says - 21 May: A shortfall in international support has left many Syrian refugees in Lebanon unable to access crucial medical care, rights group says - 3 August: Eight Lebanese soldiers have been killed in clashes with fighters in eastern Lebanon, near the border with Syria - 7 August: Syrian Coalition's Nora al-Ameer says that Hezbollah’s denial of any involvement 'as an unacceptable attempt to evade responsibility for the humanitarian catastrophe that afflicts the Syrian refugees in Arsal' - 18 October: Lebanon blocks Syrian refugees from entering, UN says - 25 October: Lebanon army fights gunmen in Tripoli, six soldiers killed
November 2016: 16 November 2016: Hezbollah staged a military parade in the Syrian town of Qusayr, which it retook from Syrian rebels in 2013 in its first major victory after it intervened in support of Assad’s regime, showing its advanced Russian and USA weaponry including tanks, armored vehicles and anti-aircraft batteries, as USA's Obama administration supplies equipment to Lebanon’s army saying that the USA would be 'gravely concerned' if it ended up in Hezbollah’s hands - 24 November 2016: Russia and terror organization Hezbollah have begun 'official' military coordination in Syria at the behest of Russian regime, establishing 'continual' communication and shared channels between the two sides over what’s happening on the battlefield, as Russia is especially interested in coordinating with Hezbollah’s infantry on the ground in Aleppo
July 2017: 10 July 2017: A young refugee, whose only crime was to cross paths with members of the Lebanese Army as he returned home from night shift at Al-Rahma Hospital in Arsal, reportedly killed under torture by Lebanese Army, as there are still around 400 other Syrian refugees detained by the Lebanese Army with unknown fate - 22 July 2017: Human Rights Watch renews its calls for an independent and transparent investigation into the recent deaths of Syrians in Hezbollah supported Lebanese army custody, as well as allegations of torture and ill-treatment of the detained - 24 July 2017: Lebanese Future Movement stresses that the Hezbollah militia does not have the legitimacy to intervene in Syria and participate in battles in which Syrian civilians are being killed, also saying that Hezbollah’s intervention in Syria serves Iranian and Assad regime
27 December 2020 Syrians refugees flee Lebanon camp after tents set on fire: 27 December 2020: Syrians refugees flee Lebanon camp after tents set on fire
Lebanon/Ukraine relations: Lebanon/Ukraine relations
9 August 2020 one Ukrainian citizen killed in massive Beirut explosion: 9 August 2020: One Ukrainian citizen killed in massive Beirut explosion, according to Ukraine's embassy
Lebanon/United Kingdom relations: Lebanon/United Kingdom relations
Lebanon/Yemen relations:
Environment of Lebanon: Environment of Lebanon
Climate of Lebanon: Climate of Lebanon
Marine environmental issues in Lebanon: Marine environmental issues in Lebanon
2006 Jiyeh Power Station oil spill: 2006 Jiyeh Power Station oil spill
Natural disasters in Lebanon: 2013 Middle East cold snap and floods


Oman - Geography of Oman - History of Oman - Demographics of Oman
Fishing in Oman: Fishing in Oman
Sultan of Oman's military: Sultan of Oman's Armed Forces
Consultative Assembly of Oman: Consultative Assembly of Oman
October 2011 Omani general election: Omani general election 15 October 2011
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Oman: Omani society
Human rights in Oman: Human rights in Oman
Governorates and provinces of Oman: 11 Governorates of Oman - 61 Provinces of Oman
Cities in Oman: List of cities in Oman
History and timeline of Muscat: Timeline of Muscat since 550 BCE
Since 1985 Oman Natural History Museum: Since 1985 Oman Natural History Museum
2007 Cyclone Gonu: June 2007 Cyclone Gonu
Filipinos in Oman: Filipinos in Oman
Pakistanis in Oman: Pakistanis in Oman
Women in Oman: Women in Oman
Education in Oman: Education in Oman
Schools in Oman: Schools in Oman
Universities and colleges in Oman: List of universities and colleges in Oman
Health in Oman: Health in Oman
Media in Oman: Media in Oman
Newspapers in Oman: List of newspapers in Oman
Internet in Oman: Internet in Oman
Crime in Oman: Crime in Oman
Violence in Oman: Violence in Oman
Human trafficking in Oman: Human trafficking in Oman
Law enforcement in Oman: Law enforcement in Oman
Foreign relations: Foreign relations of Oman
Treaties of Oman: Treaties of Oman
Bilateral relations of Oman: Bilateral relations of Oman
Oman/Greece relations:
Oman/India relations: Oman/India relations
Oman/Iran relations: Oman/Iran relations
Oman/Israel relations: Oman/Israel relations
Oman/Pakistan relations: Oman/Pakistan relations
Pakistanis in Oman: Pakistanis in Oman
Oman/Qatar relations: Oman/Qatar relations
Oman/Saudi-Arabia relations: Oman/Saudi-Arabia relations
Oman/Syria relations: Oman/Syria relations
Oman/United Arab Emirates relations: Oman/United Arab Emirates relations
Oman/United Kingdom relations: Oman/United Kingdom relations
1892-1971 Sultanate of Muscat and Oman British Protectorate: Sultanate of Muscat and Oman British Protectorate 1892-1971
Oman/USA relations: Oman/USA relations
Since 2006 Oman–USA Free Trade Agreement: Oman–USA Free Trade Agreement 2006
Oman/Yemen relations: Oman/Yemen relations
Natural disasters in Oman:


Dawlat Qatar (Emirate) - Geography of Qatar - History of Dawlat Qatar (Emirate) - Demographics of Qatar
Energy in Qatar: Energy in Qatar
Agriculture in Qatar: Agriculture in Qatar
Transport in Qatar: Transport in Qatar
Aviation in Qatar: Aviation in Qatar
Tourism in Qatar: Tourism in Qatar
18 November 2021 seduced by salary promises workers at Fifa-endorsed hotels allege they have been exploited and abused: 18 November 2021: Seduced by salary promises, workers at Fifa-endorsed hotels allege they have been exploited and abused, as 'The Guardian' stayed at or visited seven of the hotels listed in Fifa’s hospitality website and in interviews and conversations with more than 40 workers – employed directly and through sub-contractors – uncovered a number of allegations of serious labour rights violations and low wages s of £1 an hour, also working extremely long hours, with some saying they had not had a day off for months. While they spent their days surrounded by the most luxurious of settings, some workers said they were housed in overcrowded rooms in stifling labour camps. A few workers claimed their passports had been confiscated.
Wealth in Dawlat Qatar (Emirate): Wealth in Qatar - Qatari billionaires
Dawlat Qatar (Emirate) Sports Investments and competitions: Qatar Sports Investments - Sport competitions in Qatar
2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar controversies: 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar controversies
Since 2011 Qatar FIFA World Cup 2022 controversies and corruption allegations: List of 2022 FIFA World Cup controversies - 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar
2010-2021 temperatures reaching more than 50 °C in northern hemisphere's summer, Qatar a 'high risk': Climate and weather in Qatar remain a concern with temperatures reaching more than 50 °C in northern hemisphere's summer. Doctors from Qatar's Aspetar sports hospital in Doha said the climate would be an issue, stating that the region's climate would 'affect performance levels from a health point of view' of professional athletes, specifically footballers, that 'recovery times between games would be longer' than in a temperate climate and that, on the field of play, 'more mistakes would be made'. Additionally, one of the doctors said that 'total acclimation (to the Qatari climate) is impossible'. The inspection team for evaluating who would host the tournament said that Qatar was 'high risk' due to the weather.
2022 Qatar FIFA World Cup Human Rights issues in Qatar, migrant workers, slavery allegations and deaths: 2022 Qatar FIFA World Cup Human Rights issues in Qatar, migrant workers, slavery allegations and deaths
4 October 2022 French cities ditch World Cup festivities to protest Qatar’s record on human rights, environment: 4 October 2022: French cities ditch World Cup festivities to protest Qatar’s record on human rights, environment, directly aimed at Gulf state host Qatar and the steep human and environmental costs of the event that activists say Doha is doing everything to hide. According to Amnesty international, migrant workers account for more than half of Qatar’s population of 3 million and 90% of its total work force. Many of them, from impoverished South Asian nations like India, Nepal and the Philippines, arrived to work on the $220 billion World Cup infrastructure project. Despite Qatar being the fourth-richest country in the world, a migrant worker typically earns €1.30 per hour while working long hours and an average of six days a week. Although Qatar has now had five years to phase out the infamous kafala system, it is still very much in practice. In addition to that, European non-profit Carbon Market Watch CMW dismissed Qatar’s zero-carbon footprint claims, saying 'claims that the 2022 FIFA World Cup will not contribute additional carbon emissions to the atmosphere are completely unrealistic. The data already available today show that, contrary to predictions, the Qatari tournament’s climate impact will be unambiguously negative'.
Military of Dawlat Qatar (Emirate): Qatar Armed Forces - Qatar Air Force - Air Force equipment - origin
Politics of Dawlat Qatar (Emirate): Politics of Dawlat Qatar (Emirate)
Political parties are banned in Qatar: Political parties are banned in Qatar
Central Municipal Council: Central Municipal Council
8 December 2022 western banks funding Qatar’s carbon bombs: 8 December 2022: Qatar’s longest lasting legacy following the 2022 World Cup won’t be football or even its human rights record - it will be the climate crisis, according to a new report warning that its huge expansion of gas extraction could push the planet into catastrophic global heating. Should Qatar exploit all of its oil and gas reserves it will eventually add an enormous 50bn metric tons of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere once burned, which is more than the entire annual emissions of the whole world, the new research, shared with the Guardian, has found - 8 December 2022: World Cup host Qatar's oil and gas fields are projected to add an additional 50 gigatons of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, smashing the UN 1.5°C warming limit and causing over US$ 20 trillion of damage and 11 million deaths. Qatar is already one of the biggest exporters of fossil gas, a main driver of the climate emergency, and together with foreign companies, it plans to increase extraction and fossil gas liquefaction in the coming years, 'BankTrack' reports
Society, demographics, immigrant labor, human rights and crime in Dawlat Qatar (Emirate): Qatari society
Municipalities of Qatar: 8 municipalities of Qatar
Cities in Qatar: List of cities in Qatar
Industrial infrastructure of Ras Laffan: Industrial infrastructure of Ras Laffan
Health in Ras Laffan: Health in Ras Laffan
Economy of Al Rayyan: Economy of Al Rayyan
Al Shahaniya municipality and city: Al Shahaniya municipality - Al-Shahaniya city
Economy and industry in Al-Shahaniya: Economy and industry in Al-Shahaniya
Residenze della famiglia principesca del Qatar: Residenze della famiglia principesca del Qatar
Timeline of Doha city: Timeline of Doha city
15 December 2018 preparting FIFA World Cup 2022 Qatar unveils design for Lusail stadium: 15 December 2018: Preparting FIFA World Cup 2022 Qatar unveils design for Lusail stadium
Since April 2021 Lusail football stadium: Since April 2021 Lusail Stadium, a football stadium in Lusail that will host the final game of the November 2022 FIFA World Cup, the biggest stadium in Qatar and one of eight stadiums being converted for the 2022 FIFA World Cup Qatar. The stadium is located about 23km north of Doha. - Cyrus Cylinder, an ancient clay cylinder, now broken into several pieces, on which is written a declaration in Akkadian cuneiform script in the name of Persia's Achaemenid king Cyrus the Great, and dubbed the 'first declaration of human rights'. It dates from the 6th century BC - discovered in the ruins of the ancient Mesopotamian city of Babylon, now in modern Iraq in 1879 - and was used as a foundation deposit following the Persian conquest of Babylon in 539 BC, when the Neo-Babylonian Empire was invaded by Cyrus and incorporated into his Persian Empire
Demographics of Dawlat Qatar (Emirate): Demographics of Qatar - Qatari people by ethnic or national origin
Ethnic groups in Qatar: Ethnic groups in Qatar
Nepalis in Qatar: Nepalis in Qatar
Pakistanis in Qatar: Pakistanis in Qatar
2017 'Demography, Migration, and the Labour Market in Qatar': 2017 'Demography, Migration, and the Labour Market in Qatar' by Francoise de Bel-Air, published in GLMM - EN - No. 3/2017, saying 'in 2016, Qatar ranked first worldwide in terms of per capita GDP', due to its huge hy-drocarbon reserves and to the small size of its resident population (2.5 million in June 2017). Exploiting the hydrocarbon resources and channelling them into ambitious development policies required massive imports of foreign labour. The country’s total population has grown seven-fold since the mid-1980s, moreover, foreign nationals made up an estimated 91% of all residents (aged 15 and above) and up to 95% of all employed population in 2015. The awarding of the 2022 FIFA World Cup to Qatar in 2010 turned the spotlight on the country’s dilemma regarding the 'number vs. rights trade-off' issue: Qatar has one of the most constraining kafala systems in the region, which underwent only minor changes in a reform enacted in December 2016. Paradoxically, demographic data also indicate that a growing share of foreigners live with their families and give birth in the country. Among these may be Syrian nationals who have come to the country since 2011, the beginning of Assad's war against the Syrian people. As of 2017, foreign population growth rates have started decelerating, as past infrastructural projects achieved completion, new migration policies that privilege skills over number are initiated, and political uncertainty looms. As in 2015/2016 non-nationals numbered 87,3% of Qatar's population, the countries of origin included India (6,50,000 citizens), Nepal (3,50,000 citizens), Bangladesh (80,000 citizens), Philippines (2,60,000 citizens), Egypt (2,00,000 citizens), Sri Lanka (1,45,256 citizens), Pakistan (1,25,000 citizens), Syria (54,000 citizens), Sudan (50,000 citizens), Indonesia (43,000 citizens), Jordan (40,000 citizens), Iran (30,000 citizens), Lebanon (24,000 citizens), Ethiopia (22,000 citizens), Tunisia (20,000 citizens), Palestine (20,000 citizens), Kenya (14,000 citizens), Eritrea (10,000 citizens). Indians, Nepalese, Filipinos, and Bangladeshis alone made up about 78% of the foreign labourers in September 2013. In 2020 registered live births by nationality in Doha numbered 19,386 including 4,005 Qatari and 15,381 Non-Qatari, 'Wikipedia' says.
Culture in Qatar: Culture in Qatar
Since 2007 Qatar Philharmonic Orchestra: Since 2007 Qatar Philharmonic Orchestra
Languages in Qatar: Languages in Qatar
Women and women's rights in Dawlat Qatar (Emirate): Women in Qatar - Women's rights in Qatar
May 2019 SESRI's 'Guest Workers' Welfare Index', 2022 FIFA World Cup and Media Coverage': May 2019 SESRI's 'Guest Workers' Welfare Index', including 'Guest Workers in Qatar - 2022 FIFA World Cup and Media Coverage'. citing UK's 'The Guardian' September 2013 '...found men throughout the wider Qatari construction industry sleeping 12 to a room in places and getting sick through repulsive conditions in filthy hostels', later 'This summer, Nepalese workers died at a rate of almost one a day in Qatar, many of them young men who had sudden heart attacks'. 'Some say they have been forced to work without pay and left begging for food', 'Clear proof of the use of systematic forced labour in Qatar', citing the 'International Trade Union Confederation ITUC' reported by 'The Guardian', saying 'The annual death toll among those working on building sites could rise to 600 a year – almost a dozen a week – unless the Doha government makes urgent reforms', 'we are absolutely convinced they are dying because of conditions of work and life', 'Nothing of any substance is being done by the Qatar authorities on this issue', citing 'Amnesty International' saying 'workers arriving in Qatar to find that the terms and conditions of their work are different to those they had been promised during the recruitment' and therefore at risk of being detained by the authorities', 'migrant workers having their passports confiscated and being prevented from leaving the ountry by their employers', citing 'BBC News 2015' saying 'Conditions on the sites are very bad. You work all day out in the open in extreme heat. You start at 04:00 and work all day. There is no cold drinking water on the site, just hot water. It is very oppressive', 'For almost two months now, my company has refused to pay our salaries. Our company is killing us because they don't want to give us the little reward we deserve', 'Qatar has a labour office, but if you report your company, they will definitely send you back to your country. So everyone is too scared to report any problems', 'There is no drinking water available, there is no air conditioning in their cabins - and this was in 45C heat. They have filthy sanitation, and the food is dished out like in the Oliver Twist movie'. SESRI comments, that the Dawlat Qatar (Emirate) 'may make implement policies towards improving guest workers’ living and working conditions, but without valid indicators, Qatar would be unable to demonstrate results.
Health in Dawlat Qatar (Emirate): Health in Qatar
Medical outbreaks and disasters in Qatar: Medical outbreaks in Qatar - Disasters and man-made disasters in Qatar
19 March 2020 covid-19 hits migrant workers in Qatar: 19 March 2020: Covid-19 hits migrant workers in Qatar
Media in Dawlat Qatar (Emirate): Qatari media - Media in Qatar by city
Freedom of speech and the press in Qatar and role of the government: Freedom of expression in Qatar - Freedom of the press in Qatar
May 2012 Dawlat Qatar (Emirate) government imposes upon the practice of the rights to free speech: 10 May 2012: Qatar government imposes upon the practice of the rights to free speech and the right to free press
Newspapers in Qatar: Newspapers in Qatar
Internet in Qatar: Internet in Qatar
Crime and human rights in Dawlat Qatar (Emirate): Crime in Qatar
Human rights in Qatar: Human rights in Qatar
22 November 2022 Qatar confiscated Wales rainbow hats, Fifa reminds Qatar of assurances before World Cup: 22 November 2022: Incidents involving FAW staff and Wales supporters having rainbow-coloured bucket hats confiscated before the Group B opener against the USA are being urgently investigated by authorities. Fifa and the Qataris were in talks on the matter on Tuesday, where Fifa reminded their hosts of their assurances before the tournament that everyone was welcome and rainbow flags would be allowed. The Guardian also understands Fifa is deeply concerned about several incidents around the match, including Welsh FA staff and fans being confronted by security for bringing the hats into the Ahmad bin Ali Stadium and a USA fan with a rainbow flag being confronted on the metro. The Qatari Supreme Committee is expected to issue a statement in the next 24 hours
2011 Detention of Sultan al-Khalaifi: Detention of Sultan al-Khalaifi
Terrorism and alleged state-sponsored terrorism in Qatar: Alleged state-sponsored terrorism in Qatar
Qatari law: Qatari law
Law enforcement in Qatar: Law enforcement in Qatar


Foreign relations of Dawlat Qatar (Emirate): Foreign relations of Qatar
Treaties of Qatar: Treaties of Qatar
Multilateral relations of Qatar: Multilateral relations of Qatar
Qatar's OPEC membership: Since 1961 Qatar's OPEC membership
2017–2018 Qatar diplomatic crisis: 2017-2018 Qatar diplomatic crisis - 5 June 2017: Arab states Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and UAE cut ties to Qatar, accusing Doha of meddling in internal affairs, supporting Iran-backed terror and destabilizing region - 6 June 2017: Panic buying in Qatar as shoppers stockpile food due to Saudi 'blockade' - 9 June 2017: Qatar crisis grows as Arab nations draw up terror sanctions list, which includes politicians and members of ruling family - 17 June 2017: United Arab Emirates says a western monitoring mechanism will be needed to force Qatar to abide by any agreement to end its alleged support for terrorism - 23 June 2017: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, the Kingdom of Bahrain and other Arab countries that have cut ties to the Emirate of Qatar issued a steep list of demands, insisting that their Persian Gulf neighbor cut back diplomatic ties to Iran, close down a Turkish military base in Qatar, sever all ties with the Muslim Brotherhood and with other groups including Hezbollah, al-Qaeda and the Islamic State group, and shutter al-Jazeera, accusing the Doha-based satellite broadcaster of fomenting unrest in the region
Bilateral relations of Dawlat Qatar (Emirate): Bilateral relations of Dawlat Qatar (Emirate)
Qatar/Afghanistan relations: Qatar/Afghanistan relations
2022 Afghanistan women's football team in Melbourne - not Doha - after fleeing their home: 5 February 2022: For the first time since fleeing their home and finding sanctuary in Australia, Afghanistan women's international football team are taking their battle for equality onto the field in Melbourne, after in August 2021 heir existence as female footballers had made them a target, and their safety could not be assured as the Taliban seized control of the country and reimposed their strict interpretation of Sharia law - 16 August 2007: Afghanistan women's international football team is travelling abroad for the first time to join Pakistani teams in a series of friendly matches, as - like many other sports in Afghanistan 15 years ago - football has regained a popularity which was dampened during the five years of Taleban rule.
Qatar/Algeria relations: Qatar/Algeria relations
Qatar/Australia relations: Qatar/Australia relations
Qatar/Bangladesh relations: Qatar/Bangladesh relations
Qatar/Egypt relations: Qatar/Egypt relations
Qatar/European Union relations: Qatar/European Union relations
Qatar/The Gambia relations: Qatar/The Gambia relations
Qatar/Germany relations: Qatar/Germany relations
Qatar/India relations: Qatar/India relations - Indians in Qatar
Qatar/Iran relations: Qatar/Iran relations
Qatar-Iran oil and gas relations: Qatar-Iran oil and gas relations
Qatar/Israel relations: Qatar/Israel relations
Qatar/Jordan relations: Qatar/Jordan relations since 1972
Qatar/Libya relations: Qatar/Libya relations
February 2015 Qatar recalls ambassador to Egypt over air strikes: 19 February 2015: Qatar recalls ambassador to Egypt over air strikes in Libya
April 2019 Qatar calls for arms embargo against Libya's Haftar: 16 April 2019: Qatar calls for arms embargo against Libya's Haftar
Qatar/Pakistan relations: Qatar/Pakistan relations - Pakistanis in Qatar
Qatar/Philippines relations: Qatar/Philippines relations - Filipinos in Qatar
Qatar/Russia relations: Qatar/Russia relations
Qatar-Russia political and economic ties: Qatar-Russia economic ties
18 April 2022 the Russo-Ukrainian war and the forked path of Qatar-Russia relations: 18 April 2022: The Russo-Ukrainian war and the forked path of Qatar-Russia relations
Qatar/Saudi-Arabia relations: Qatar/Saudi-Arabia relations
Since 2002 Qatar–Saudi Arabia diplomatic conflict: Since 2002 Qatar–Saudi Arabia diplomatic conflict
2017–18 Qatar diplomatic crisis: 2017–18 Qatar diplomatic crisis
Since April 2012 Qatari involvement in the Syrian Civil War Since April 2012 Qatari involvement in the Syrian Civil War, beginning with deliveries of arms to rebels in Syria from Qatar. In 2013, the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute SIPRI estimated that Qatar had fueled the war by delivering more weapons to Syria than any other country. In total, there were over 15 weapons cargo flights into Turkey. USA historian Gareth Porter - an anti-war activist during the Vietnam War who has written about the potential for peaceful conflict resolution in Southeast Asia and the Middle East - wrote in 2015 that Qatar has provided support to rebel groups across the spectrum, not only funding more moderate rebels but also a coalition known as the Army of Conquest, which initially contained al-Qaeda linked groups - 2018/2019 In response to Porter's statements questioning the use of chemical weapons in Syria by the al-Assad regime, the British organization 'Bellingcat' stated that Porter 'relies heavily on ignoring the tests by the OPCW that detected Sarin in samples' and that 'Porter relies on the usual chemical weapon truther claims that these results were from samples being tampered with in someway, without presenting any actual evidence it took place'
Qatar/Tunisia relations: Qatar/Tunisia relations
Qatar/United Arab Emirates relations: Qatar/United Arab Emirates relations
Qatar/United Kingdom relations: Qatar/United Kingdom relations
1916-1971 British control of Qatar: British control of Qatar 1916–1971
14 November 2022 Scot freed in Iraq after Qatari conviction arrest: 14 October 2022: The construction engineer Brian Glendinning who spent two months in custody in Iraq over a debt conviction in Qatar has been freed, as the engineer from Fife did not know he was on an Interpol list as a wanted fugitive until he was detained in Basra on his way to a new job, and his family last month was forced to call on the UK government to intervene. 'Campaign group Detained in Dubai' said Mr Glendinning was released on Sunday and is expected to return home to Kincardine within days. Last week, the bank which is owed the money issued a clearance note stamped by the authorities in Qatar saying they no longer wanted him extradited. Mr Glendinning's brother John told BBC the conditions in the Iraqi prison were 'vile, detailing 'Brian was held in a holding cell with up to 44 people - a mixture of terrorists, drug dealers, people who murdered their own father, using a shotgun'.
Qatar/Vietnam relations: Qatar/Vietnam relations
Environment of Dawlat Qatar (Emirate): Environment of Qatar - Geology of Qatar - Climate of Qatar
Landforms of Qatar: Landforms of Qatar
Water in Qatar: Water in Qatar
Natural disasters in Qatar:


Saudi-Arabia - Geography of Saudi-Arabia - Ottoman Arabia 1517-1918 - Unification of Saudi Arabia military and political campaign 1902–1932 - 'Modern' history of Saudi Arabia begins with the unification of Saudi Arabia in a single kingdom in 1932 - Demographics of Saudi-Arabia
Quraysh a mercantile Arab tribe and military, cruel traditions and following dynasties: Quraysh a mercantile Arab tribe that historically inhabited and controlled the city of Mecca and its Ka'ba, as all medieval Muslim sources agree that Qusayy unified Fihr's descendants, and established the Quraysh as the dominant power in Mecca - Since 305 Ka'b ibn Lu'ayy, born in in Mecca, an ancestor of the Islamic prophet Muhammad in Islamic tradition - Banu Hashim, the clan of the Quraysh tribe, to which the Islamic prophet Muhammad belonged, as his great-grandfather was Hashim ibn Abd Manaf, after whom the clan is named, and birth legend, as Islamic hagiographers give an exotic narration concerning the birth of Hashim, considered it to be a very bloody and cruel one, as narration states that Hashim and 'Abd Shams were conjoined twins born with Hashim's leg attached to his twin brother's head, and they had struggled in their mother's womb seeking to be firstborn - Dynasties of following Royal and Imperial dynasties claiming descent from Hashim in Arabia, Africa, Indo-Persia, East Asia
Petroleum politics in Saudi Arabia: Petroleum politics in Saudi Arabia
September 2020 study said to find Saudis may have enough uranium to make own nuclear fuel: 18 September 2020: Study said to find Saudis may have enough uranium to make own nuclear fuel
Solar power in Saudi Arabia: Solar power in Saudi Arabia
Irrigation in Saudi Arabia: Irrigation in Saudi Arabia
Water supply, groundwater and desalination in Saudi Arabia: Water supply and sanitation in Saudi Arabia - Water resources - Groundwater, desalination
Rail transport and network in Saudi Arabia: Rail transport and network in Saudi Arabia
Economic history of Saudi Arabia and economic cycles: Economic history of Saudi Arabia
Labor force and employment in Saudi Arabia: Labor force and employment in Saudi Arabia
2013 crackdown: 7 April 2013: Saudi Arabia's king ordered a three-month delay to a crackdown on migrant workers which has led to thousands of deportations - 28 April: Saudi Arabia has plans to replace the eight million expatriate workers with locals - 28 May: Tens of thousands of foreign workers are trying to leave Saudi Arabia - 30 May: Every day hundreds of 'illegal' foreign workers, mostly South Asians, queue in the scorching heat outside an immigration office seeking to get their papers in order or leave - 9 June: 180,000 foreign workers leave Saudi Arabia in 2 months - 10 July 2013: Saudi Arabia to expel foreigners disrespecting Ramadan - 5 novembre: Arrestation de milliers d'immigrés illégaux, l'économie perturbée - 10 November: No leniency for illegal foreign workers, Saudi Arabian authorities say - 10 novembre 2013: Deux personnes ont été tuées et 68 autrres blessées dans un quartier de Riyad lors d'affrontements impliquant des immigrés
Absolute monarchy, military and religion in Saudi-Arabia: Absolute monarchy in Saudi-Arabia - Kingdom of Saudi-Arabia - King of Saudi-Arabia
Incidents preparing and during the Hajj: Incidents during the Hajj
Military of Saudi-Arabia: Military of Saudi-Arabia
Saudi Arabia and weapons of mass destruction: Saudi Arabia and weapons of mass destruction
Nuclear program of Saudi Arabia: Nuclear program of Saudi Arabia
2012 Saudi-Chinese nuclear cooperation deal: 16 January 2012: Saudi Arabia, China sign nuclear cooperation deal
Government of Saudi Arabia: Government of Saudi Arabia - Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia - Elections in Saudi Arabia
2011 Saudi Arabian municipal 'elections': Saudi Arabian municipal elections 2011
5 August 2020 Saudi Arabia reportedly expands nuclear program with China's help: 5 August 2020: Saudi Arabia reportedly expands nuclear program, with China's help
30 December 2021 hit squad members convicted of murdering Khashoggi living in luxury villas in Riyadh: 30 December 2021: At least 3 members of Saudi hit squad convicted by the kingdom of murdering Jamal Khashoggi are living and working 'in seven-star accommodation' inside a government-run security compound in Riyadh, according to a source connected to senior members of Saudi intelligence, as the assassins are believed to be staying in villas and buildings run by Saudi Arabia’s State Security agency, far from the walls of its infamous prisons. The source has spoken to two witnesses who claim to have seen the men. They said family members frequently visit the men, who are able to use a gym and workspaces on the site. All were sentenced before a Saudi court, in a trial broadly condemned as a sham – though only one of them, Salah al-Tubaigy – was named


January-March 2015: 9/10 January: Raif Badawi, sentenced to 10 years in prison and 1,000 lashes for criticizing Saudi Arabia’s powerful clerics on a liberal blog he founded, flogged in public 50 times, as regime started carrying out his sentence and USA State Department released a statement - 14 January: Saudi blogger Badawi faces next 50 lashes as government ignores global protests - 16 January: Raif Badawi’s case referred to supreme court, says his wife - 21 February: Saudi blogger Raif Badawi sentenced to flogging spared for 6th consecutive week following protests - 27 March: Raif Badawi jailed since 2012 pretextual for insulting Islam after criticising Saudi Arabia’s notorious religious police, tells of flogging ordeal in letter from Saudi prison describing how he 'miraculously survived' the first 50 of 1,000 lashes
May-October 2015: 26 May 2015: Tens of thousands of mourners poured into the streets of al-Qudeeh in eastern Saudi Arabia to attend a mass funeral for victims of last week’s suicide bombing attack at a Shiite mosque claimed by the Islamic State terrorists - 26 mai 2015: La femme de Raïf Badawi, condamné à 10 ans de prison, 1000 coups de fouets et 200.000 euros d’amende pour avoir dit la vérité, souhaite que la communauté internationale va maintenir la pression pour sauver son mari - 7 June: Despite worldwide outrage Saudi supreme court upholds verdict against blogger Raif Badawi onfirming punishment of 1,000 lashes and 10 years in prison - 7 October 2015: Flogged Saudi blogger Raïf Badawi wins Pinter free-speech prize, accepted in London for Badawi, who is serving 10-year sentence for his liberal blog


Society, demographics, culture, and ethnic groups in Saudi-Arabia: Saudi Arabian society
Cities and towns in Saudi Arabia: Cities and towns in Saudi Arabia
History and timline of Jeddah since 500 BCE: History and timline of Jeddah since 500 BCE
History of Medina city: History of Medina city
Dammam metropolitan area: Dammam metropolitan area
Dammam city: Dammam city, the fourth-most populous city in Saudi Arabia after Riyadh, Jeddah, and Mecca. It is the capital of the Eastern Province, with a total population of 1,532,300 citizens as of 2022. The judicial and administrative bodies of the province, in addition to the administrative offices of other minor governmental departments functioning within the province, are located in the city. Dammam is known for being a major administrative center for the Saudi oil industry, also constituting the core of the Dammam metropolitan area, also known as the Greater Dammam area, which comprises the 'Triplet Cities' of Dammam, Dhahran, and Khobar. The area has a population of 2,190,900 citizens as of 2022 and is closely linked to the city through social, economic, and cultural ties. The city is growing at an exceptionally fast rate of 12% a year – the fastest in Saudi Arabia, the GCC, and the Arab world.


Saudi Arabian people by ethnic or national origin: Saudi Arabian people by ethnic or national origin - Ethnic groups in Saudi Arabia
Since 1990 women to drive movement: Women to drive movement
2012-2014: 13. Februar 2012: Kopf-ab-Saudiarabien, die Polygamie, ihr Prophet und die heilige Zahl 4 - 12 July: Saudi women - a judoka and an 800m runner - to compete at London Olympics 2012 - 26 September: 908 Nigerian women pilgrims travelling to Mecca face deportation from Saudi Arabia for traveling without male relatives - 15 June 2013: A Saudi court handed two Saudi women 10-month jail sentences for seeking to help a Canadian woman who wanted to leave her Saudi husband with their children - 11 July 2013: Saudi princess Meshael Alayban charged with human trafficking for allegedly holding a domestic worker against her will at a California condominium - 29 August 2013: A new law passed by Saudi Arabia makes domestic abuse a crime in the country for the first time, with perpetrators facing up to a year in prison - 29 September: Women's rights supporters condemn Saudi Arabia as two prominent female rights activists, who went to the aid of a woman they believed to be in distress, ordered to jail - 27 October: At least 16 Saudi women fined for taking the wheel on a day set by activists to defy the ban on female driving - 17 February 2014: Somayya Jabarti, a Saudi woman, named first editor-in-chief of newspaper Saudi Gazette
23 November 2020 Saudi minors still on death row despite royal decree: 23 November 2020: The Saudi minors still on death row despite royal decree
Health and health care in Saudi Arabia: Health care in Saudi Arabia
Since 1992 killed journalists killed in Saudi Arabia: Since 1992 killed journalists killed in Saudi Arabia, according to CPJ
October 2018 killing of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi: 2 October 2018 Disappearance and killing of Saudi journalist and former general manager and editor-in-chief of Al Arab News Channel Jamal Ahmad Khashoggi after entering the Saudi consulate in Istanbul - 7 October 2018: Pressure on Saudis after disappearance of Khashoggi in Istanbul and calls for international inquiry - 10 October 2018: A pro-government Turkish newspaper published the names and photographs of a group of Saudi nationals, called 'assassination squad', who allegedly arrived in Istanbul on board two private jets the day journalist Jamal Khashoggi went missing, as police were looking into the possibility that Khashoggi was kidnapped - 10 October 2018: USA intelligence reportedly knew of Saudi plan to capture missing journalist in Turkey - 12/13 October 2018: After Turkish investigators have claimed video and audio recordings exist that prove Jamal Khashoggi was killed, the list of organisations, businesses and media groups to pull out of kingdom’s showpiece investment event later this month is rapidly growing - 23 October 2018: Khashoggi murder 'planned days in advance', Turkey's president says - 23 October 2018: Saudi sees $50 billion in deals at investment conference despite some boycotts over Khashoggi killing
November 2018: 5 novembre 2018: Les fils du journaliste assassiné Jamal Khashoggi ont demandé aux autorités saoudiennes de restituer le corps de leur père afin que la famille puisse faire son deuil, ont-ils déclaré à CNN dans une interview - 5 novembre 2018: Un quotidien turc affirme que deux nettoyeurs, un chimiste et un expert en toxicologie, se sont rendus d'Arabie saoudite en Turquie neuf jours après la disparition de l'éditorialiste Jamal Khashogg pour effacer les preuves du meurtre - 9 November 2018: Turkish officials say Jamal Khashoggi’s body was dissolved in acid found at Saudi envoy’s home - 15 November 2018: Saudi prosecutor seeks death penalty in Khashoggi murder case - 17 November 2018: The assassination of journalist and Saudi regime critic Jamal Khashoggi in Istanbul was ordered by Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, according to an examination by USA's CIA, complicating efforts to safeguard ties with and support for a suppressing and cruel kingdom - 22 November 2018: CIA has recording of Saudi crown prince ordering Khashoggi silenced, Turkish media reports - 24 November 2018: Writing for Washington Post, children of Saudi journalist Kashoggi recall a loving father and patriot, but say they still have no closure about his death
December 2018: 4 December 2018: Saudi crown prince linked to Khashoggi killing, briefed USA senators are certain Saudi crown prince ordered Khashoggi's murder - 5 December 2018: Turkey seeks arrest of two Saudi crown prince allies over Khashoggi murder, as official says warrant reflects skepticism that Ahmad al-Assiri and Saud al-Qahtani will be properly prosecuted by Riyadh for their alleged role in the killing - 10 December 2018: After the office of a USA senator briefed on the ongoing investigation by the CIA told CNN that a new transcript, giving the fullest picture of Khashoggi’s last moments, was consistent with that briefing, and after reports that USA's Jared Kushner, senior adviser to his father-in-law Trump, had counselled Prince Mohammed over the fallout from the journalist’s murder and had become 'the prince’s most important defender inside the White House', Saudi Arabian regime ruled out extraditing suspects
Newspapers in Saudi Arabia: Newspapers in Saudi Arabia
Internet in Saudi Arabia: Internet in Saudi Arabia
Social media and telecommunications in Saudi Arabia: Social media in Saudi Arabia - Telecommunications in Saudi Arabia
Internet censorship in Saudi Arabia: Internet censorship in Saudi Arabia
Human rights in Saudi-Arabia: Human rights in Saudi-Arabia
Human rights organizations in Saudi-Arabia: Human rights organizations in Saudi-Arabia
Crime, terrorism and violation of human rights in Saudi Arabia: Crime and state terrorism in Saudi Arabia
Committee for the promotion of virtue and the prevention of vice - religious police of Saudi Arabia: Committee for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice - Religious police of Saudi Arabia 'Mutaween'
Torture in Saudi-Arabia: Torture in Saudi-Arabia
Stoning in Saudi-Arabia: Stoning in Saudi-Arabia
Capital punishment and public decapitations in Saudi-Arabia: Decapitation - Capital punishment in Saudi-Arabia
2015: 26 May 2015: Saudi Arabia passes execution total for all of 2014 as 88th person is put to death indicating that number of prisoners being executed has accelerated under King Salman amid activists’ concerns that trials are not being conducted fairly - 25 August 2015: Saudi Arabia has executed at least 175 people over the last 12 months, mostly by beheading and on average one person every two days, rights group says - 24 September 2015: UN issues urgent call for Saudi Arabia to stay execution of juvenile Ali Mohammed al-Nimr and his crucifixion after taking part in demonstrations three years ago for democracy and equal rights - 22 November 2015: Palestinian poet Ashraf Fayad gets Saudi death sentence for 'apostasy' - 23 December 2015: Saudi authorities have reduced a Sri Lankan woman’s sentence for adultery from death by stoning to a three-year jail term after an appeal
Domestic violence and rape in Saudi Arabia: Domestic violence in Saudi Arabia - Rape in Saudi Arabia
Human trafficking in Saudi Arabia: Human trafficking in Saudi Arabia
Corruption in Saudi-Arabia: Corruption in Saudi-Arabia
November 2017 Saudi Arabian anti-corruption arrests: November 2017 Saudi Arabian anti-corruption arrests, as a number of prominent Saudi Arabian princes, government ministers, and businesspeople were arrested following the creation of an anti-corruption committee, led by Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman - 5 November 2017: The highest profile arrest in Saudi Arabia’s anti-corruption purge is Prince Al-Waleed bin Talal, a multibillionaire with huge investments in western firms including major media groups, with substantial stakes in Rupert Murdoch’s NewsCorp, Apple, Time Warner, Twitter, and owning Rotana, whose TV channels broadcast widely across the Arab-speaking world - 16 November 2017: Authorities in Saudi Arabia are offering businessmen and members of the royal family detained on allegations of corruption an opportunity to pay for their freedom, according to media reports - 29 November 2017: Saudi prince Miteb bin Abdullah pays $1bn in corruption settlement


Foreign relations of Saudi-Arabia: Foreign relations of Saudi-Arabia
Wars involving Saudi Arabia (since 1746): Since 1746 List of wars involving Saudi Arabia
Treaties of Saudi Arabia: Treaties of Saudi Arabia
Saudi-Arabia/Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) relations: Organisation of Islamic Cooperation - Member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
Since 2015 International reactions to the Saudi-led intervention in Yemen: Since 2015 International reactions to the Saudi-led intervention in Yemen
Saudi-Arabia/United Nations relations: United Nations Development Programme in Saudi Arabia
Bilateral relations of Saudi Arabia: Bilateral relations of Saudi Arabia
Saudi-Arabia/Australia relations: Saudi Arabia/Australiao relations
Saudi-Arabia/Canada relations: Saudi Arabia/Canada relations
Saudi-Arabia/Egypt relations: Saudi-Arabia/Egypt relations
Saudi-Arabia/Ethiopia relations: Saudi-Arabia/Ethiopia relations
Saudi-Arabia/European Union relations: Saudi-Arabia/European Union relations
Saudi-Arabia/Germany relations: Saudi-Arabia/Germany relations
6 April 2023 Iran/Saudi-Arabia relations and the democracy in the 21st century: 6 April 2023: People dismembering Saudi-Arabia and protesters murdering Iranian Mullah regime came to an agreement to restore diplomatic relations, as USA tried to downplay any suggestion that the Beijing-brokered agreement represented a blow to USA’s influence in the Middle East. But it has also been sidelined since the Arab spring in the Middleeast in early 2011, when the brutal Assad regime - already supported by Iran's Mullah regime - was protected in all sessions of the UN security council by a Russian-Chinese alliance, in the summer 2013 during Assad's mass murder with chemical weapons, during and since Russian regime's destruction of Syrian cities like Aleppo in 2015/2016, in subsequent regional 'negotiations', such as Russian-mediated talks between Saudi Arabia and Syria. USA's William Burns was in Saudi Arabia this week, where he reportedly expressed his frustration that Riyadh was reopening dialogue with countries - Iran and Syria – subject to USA sanctions.
Saudi-Arabia/Kenya relations: Saudi-Arabia/Kenya relations
Saudi-Arabia/Lebanon relations: Saudi-Arabia/Lebanon relations
Saudi Arabia/Morocco relations: Saudi Arabia/Morocco relations
Saudi-Arabia/Norway relations: Saudi-Arabia/Norway relations
November 2018 Norway suspends arms export licenses: 9 November 2018: Norway suspends arms export licenses to Saudi Arabia
Saudi-Arabia/Palestinian territories relations:
Saudi-Arabia/Poland relations: Saudi-Arabia/Poland relations
Saudi-Arabia/Qatar relations: Saudi-Arabia/Qatar relations
2017–18 Qatar diplomatic crisis: 2017–18 Qatar diplomatic crisis
Saudi-Arabia/Russia relations: Saudi-Arabia/Russia relations
Saudi-Arabia/Sudan relations: Saudi-Arabia/Sudan relations
Saudi-Arabia/Sweden relations: 9 March 2015: Saudi Arabia blocked Swedish foreign minister Margot Wallström's speech to the Arab League, in which she was due to 'celebrate women’s achievements' and focus on women’s rights and representation - 11 March 2015: Sweden cancels arms deal with Saudi Arabia worth billions of crowns to its industry after criticism of regime's human rights record sparked a diplomatic row - 11 March: Saudi foreign ministry recalls its ambassador to Sweden over criticism of its human rights record, following Stockholm’s tearing up of arms agreement - 20 March: Saudi Arabia to stop visas for Swedish citizens amid human rights row - 29 March: After the Saudis decided to send their ambassador back to Stockholm, the story ends with Saudis, rather than Europeans, being forced to lie
Saudi-Arabia/Syria relations: Saudi-Arabia/Syria relations
Saudi-Arabia/Tunisia relations: Saudi Arabia/Tunisia relations
Saudi-Arabia/Turkey relations: Saudi-Arabia/Turkey relations
Saudi-Arabia/United Kingdom relations: Saudi-Arabia/United Kingdom relations
Saudi-Arabia/USA relations: Saudi-Arabia/USA relations - Saudi-Arabian army main equipment from the USA - 30 July 2011: USA and Saudi-Arabia to discuss nuclear cooperation - 29 December: US sells $30 billion of Boeing F-15 fighter jets to Saudi-Arabia, formally announced on Thursday from Hawai where Obama is on Christmas holiday - 6 February 2013: CIA operates drone base in Saudi Arabia - 11 July 2013: Saudi princess Meshael Alayban charged with human trafficking for allegedly holding a domestic worker against her will at a California condominium - 17 October 2013: US to sell $10.8 bln in missiles, bombs to Saudis, UAE - 28 January 2015: USA first lady’s decision to not cover her head as she and her husband met Saudi king without action by Saudi religious police, followed by plenty of positive responses on Twitter - 4 February 2015: Terrorist Moussaoui claims that Saudi Arabian officials supported al-Qaeda financially in the years leading up to 9/11 and discussed shooting down Air Force One during Bill Clinton's presidency - 5 February: Lawyers for victims of the September 11, 2001 attacks say they have new evidence that agents of Saudi Arabia 'directly and knowingly' helped the hijackers
Saudi Arabia/Yemen relations: Saudi Arabia/Yemen relations
2016: 16 September 2016: More than one-third of all Saudi, backed by its USA and British allies, air raids on Yemen including repeat attacks have hit civilian sites, such as school buildings, hospitals, markets, mosques and economic infrastructure, according to the Yemen Data Project, as rights organisations have documented repeated violations by the Houthis, including the use of landmines and indiscriminate shelling, and it is noted that Yemeni civilians 'suffer serious laws of war violations by all sides' - 29 September 2016: Saudi Arabia and other Arab states have fended off the threat of an independent UN-sanctioned inquiry into human rights abuses in Yemen, but have been forced to accept that UN investigators will be tasked with documenting rights violations - 15 October 2016: After at least 140 people were killed, most of them civilians, and several hundred people were injured in an airstrike on 8 October, Saudis blame funeral hall bombing on mistake
Climate of Saudi Arabia: Climate of Saudi Arabia
Water supply and sanitation in Saudi Arabia: Water supply and sanitation Saudi Arabia
Natural disasters in Saudi Arabia: Natural disasters in Saudi Arabia




Syria - History of the Syria - Geography of Syria - Demographics of Syria - Ethnic groups in Syria



United Arab Emirates - History of the United Arab Emirates - Geography of the United Arab Emirates - Demographics of the United Arab Emirates - Ethnic groups in the United Arab Emirates
Manufacturing companies of the United Arab Emirates: Manufacturing companies of the United Arab Emirates
Shipbuilding and shipyards in the United Arab Emirates: Shipbuilding companies of the United Arab Emirates - Shipyards of the United Arab Emirates
Construction and civil engineering companies of the United Arab Emirates: Construction and civil engineering companies of the United Arab Emirates
Solar power in the United Arab Emirates: Solar power in the United Arab Emirates
Politics of the United Arab Emirates: Politics of the United Arab Emirates - Political organisations in the United Arab Emirates - Political parties are banned in the United Arab Emirates
List of government-owned companies of the United Arab Emirates: List of government-owned companies of the United Arab Emirates
Political parties in the United Arab Emirates are banned: Political movements in the United Arab Emirates
Emirati society, emirates and demographics: Emirati society
Demographics and ethnic groups in the United Arab Emirates: Demographics of the United Arab Emirates - Ethnic groups in the United Arab Emirates
Egyptians in the United Arab Emirates: Emirati people of Egyptian descent
Emirates and metropolitan areas of the United Arab Emirates: 7 Emirates of the United Arab Emirates - Metropolitan areas of the United Arab Emirates
21 December 2021 Dubai ruler’s divorce settlement reveals ‘truly opulent’ standard of living: 21 December 2021: The potentially record-breaking settlement in the divorce between the ruler of Dubai and his ex-wife Princess Haya provided an insight into what the judge called the 'truly opulent and unprecedented standard of living enjoyed by these parties' during their marriage. The court heard that before their separation in 2019, Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid al-Maktoum had provided Haya with £83m a year for her household spending plus an allowance of £9m per annum for herself and various ad hoc payments. Their children, Jalila, now 14, and Zayed, now nine, had annual allowances of approximately £10m each, as well as access to a fleet of aeroplanes owned by the sheikh, including a custom-fit Boeing 747 upon which he insisted the children should travel, helicopters, a $400m superyacht and luxurious properties worth hundreds of millions of pounds. The children and their mother also had support from about 80 staff.
Culture, education and human rights in the United Arab Emirates: Culture of the United Arab Emirates
Education in the United Arab Emirates: Education in the United Arab Emirates
Women in the United Arab Emirates: Women in the United Arab Emirates
Political repression in the United Arab Emirates: Political repression in the United Arab Emirates
Religion and 'freedom' of religion in the United Arab Emirates: Religion in the United Arab Emirates - Freedom of religion in the United Arab Emirates
Media of the United Arab Emirates: Media of the United Arab Emirates
Crime in the United Arab Emirates: Crime in the United Arab Emirates
Money laundering in the UAE: Money laundering in the UAE
Human trafficking in the United Arab Emirates: Human trafficking in the United Arab Emirates
Foreign relations of the United Arab Emirates: Foreign relations of the United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates/China relations: United Arab Emirates/China relations
United Arab Emirates/Egypt relations: United Arab Emirates/Egypt relations
United Arab Emirates/France relations: United Arab Emirates/France relations
United Arab Emirates/Iran relations: United Arab Emirates/Iran relations
1971 Iranian seizure of Abu Musa and the Greater and Lesser Tunbs islands: 1971 Iranian seizure of Abu Musa and the Greater and Lesser Tunbs islands
February 2020 UAE reportedly held talks with Iran behind USA's back: 14 February 2020: UAE reportedly held talks with Iran behind USA's back
United Arab Emirates/Libya relations:
United Arab Emirates/Philippines relations: United Arab Emirates/Philippines relations
Filipinos in the United Arab Emirates: Filipinos in the United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates/Russia relations: United Arab Emirates/Russia relations
United Arab Emirates/Saudi Arabia relations: United Arab Emirates/Saudi Arabia relations
United Arab Emirates/South Africa relations: United Arab Emirates/South Africa relations
7 April 2023 UAE refuses to extradite tycoons accused in South Africa of orchestrating industrial-scale corruption: 7 April 2023: UAE refuses to extradite the tycoons Atul and Rajesh Gupta accused in South Africa of orchestrating industrial-scale corruption
United Arab Emirates/Spain relations: United Arab Emirates/Spain relations
United Arab Emirates/Sri Lanka relations: - Sri Lankans in the United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates/United Nations relations: United Arab Emirates/United Nations relations
United Arab Emirates/USA relations: United Arab Emirates/USA relations
January 2009 USA-UAE bilateral nuclear cooperation agreement: 15 January 2009 USA-UAE bilateral nuclear cooperation agreement
United Arab Emirates/Yemen relations: United Arab Emirates/Yemen relations
Since March 2015 Saudi Arabian–led intervention in Yemen: Since March 2015 Saudi Arabian–led intervention in Yemen
Natural disasters in the United Arab Emirates: Natural disasters in the United Arab Emirates
29 July 2022 heavy rain hit parts of the Gulf causing flooding, the UAE particularly hard: 29 July 2022: Very unusual heavy rain hit parts of the Gulf this week, with the United Arab Emirates hit particularly hard by flooding


Yemen - Geography of Yemen - History of Yemen - Demographics of Yemen
British Aden 'Protectorate' 1869–1963, Port of Aden since 1839 - British Colony of Aden 1937–1963 - Yemeni unification 1990 - 1994 civil war in Yemen - Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen since 1992
Energy in Yemen: Energy in Yemen
Oil/gas production in Yemen constitutes 70-75% of government revenue and about 90% of exports: Oil and gas production income constitutes 70-75% of government revenue and about 90% of exports, the World Bank predicts that supplies are running out soon
Renewable energy and solar power in Yemen: Renewable energy in Yemen - Solar power in Yemen
Fishing in Yemen: Fishing in Yemen
Tourism in Yemen: Tourism in Yemen
Banks of Yemen: Banks of Yemen
Since 1990s economic history of Yemen and crises: Since 1990s economic history of Yemen and crises
Poverty, unemployment, violence, malnutrition and hunger in Yemen: Poverty in Yemen
2011 unemployment Rate in Yemen increased to 29% in 2011 from 17.80% in 2010: 2011: Unemployment Rate in Yemen increased to 29% in 2011 from 17.80% in 2010


Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Yemen: Yemeni society
Human rights in Yemen: Human rights in Yemen
Religion, blasphemy law and freedom of religion in Yemen: Religion in Yemen - Islam in Yemen - Blasphemy law in Yemen - Freedom of religion in Yemen
Cities in Yemen: List of cities in Yemen


Timeline of Aden since 24 BCE: Timeline of Aden since 24 BCE
1932-1937 Chief Commissioner's Province of Aden, Dependency of British India: 1932-1937 Chief Commissioner's Province of Aden, Dependency of British India
Since 2011 Arab spring, Iranian backed Houthi insurgency, Yemeni crisis and war: Since 2011 Arab spring and Yemeni Crisis, beginning with the 2011–12 revolution against president Ali Abdullah Saleh, who had led Yemen for more than three decades, leaving office in early 2012 as part of a mediated agreement between the Yemeni government and opposition groups, as the government led by Saleh's former vice president Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi struggled to unite the fractious political landscape of the country and fend off threats both from Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula and Houthi militants, that had been waging a protracted insurgency in the north since years, and as in September 2014 the Iranian Mullah regime backed Houthi insurgency transformed into a full-blown civil war as Houthi fighters swept into the capital of Sana'a and forced Hadi to negotiate a 'unity government' with other political factions
2018-2019 Battle of Aden and STC/Hadi loyalists clashes: January 2018 Battle of Aden - 2018-2019 STC and Hadi loyalists clasehs
30 December 2020 Aden attack as blast rips through Yemen’s Aden airport targeting new cabinet members: On 30 December 2020 a plane carrying the newly formed Yemeni government landed at the Aden International Airport, as bombs exploded and gunmen opened fire, leaving at least 22 people dead, as Yemen’s Information Minister Moammar Al-Eryani blamed the attack on the Iran-backed Houthi rebels, adding that all the members of the government were safe - 30 December 2020: A large explosion struck the airport in the southern Yemeni city of Aden as a plane carrying the newly formed Cabinet landed there, as officials at the scene said they have seen bodies lying on the tarmac and elsewhere at the airport - 30 December 2020: Aden airport blasts kill 26 in attack 'directed at Yemen government', as UN special envoy Griffiths to Yemen wished 'the cabinet strength in facing the difficult tasks ahead', while Yemen needs no new year wishes but deeds against Houthi, Iranian, Russian, Syrian and Beijing regimes alliance


May-June 2011 Battle of Sana'a: May-June 2011 Battle of Sana'a
September 2014 Battle of Sana'a: September 2014 Battle of Sana'a
Since November 2017 Battle of Sana'a: Since November 2017 Battle of Sana'a




Immigration to Yemen: Immigration to Yemen
Culture and languages in Yemen: Culture of Yemen - Languages of Yemen
Education in Yemen: Education in Yemen
Schools in Yemen: Schools in Yemen
Health in Yemen: Health in Yemen
August 2018 war crimes in Yemen conflict and UN: 28 August 2018: UN report flags 'possible' war crimes in Yemen conflict
Since 2015 cases of disability to war and conflict in Yemen: Cases of disability to war and conflict in Yemen
Since October 2016 Yemen cholera outbreak: 2016–2020 Yemen cholera outbreak
Water supply and sanitation in Yemen: Water supply and sanitation in Yemen
Since 2015 airstrikes on hospitals in Yemen: Since 2015 airstrikes on hospitals in Yemen
September 2013 Yemeni government fails to prosecute attacks on journalists: 20 September 2013: Yemeni government fails to prosecute attacks on journalists
Radio in Yemen: Radio in Yemen
Television in Yemen: Television in Yemen
Telecommunications in Yemen: Telecommunications in Yemen
Crime in Yemen: Crime in Yemen
May 2016 Yemen police bombings: 15 May 2016 Yemen police bombings
Since 2015 Human rights violations during the Yemeni Civil War: Human rights violations during the Yemeni Civil War since 2015
Corruption in Yemen: Corruption in Yemen
Human trafficking in Yemen: Human trafficking in Yemen
Slavery in Yemen: Slavery in Yemen
Legal system of Yemen: Legal system of Yemen
Law enforcement in Yemen: Law enforcement in Yemen
Military of Yemen: Military of Yemen - Defense budget, paramilitary forces, equipment and origin of weapons
Government budget and taxation in Yemen: Government budget in Yemen
2012 Yemeni presidential election: 21 February 2012 Yemeni presidential election
February 2014 cancelled constitutional referendum: Yemeni constitutional referendum February 2014, cancelled
Since 2011 Yemeni protests, politics and violence: 2011 Yemeni protests - 2011–2012 Yemeni revolution
July 2011: 1 July 2011: Hundreds of thousands rally across Yemen - 17. Juli: Jemens Opposition bildet Schattenregierung - 29. Juli: Salehs Politik treibt Jemen in den Abgrund - Dozens killed in clashes between soldiers and suspected islamist militants in the region of Zinjibar in the South
August 2011: 5 August: Yemeni army clash with anti-Saleh protesters in Sanaa - 12 August: Against 'tyrants' protesters across the country on Friday also call for 'building a new Yemen' - 15. August: Kämpfe zwischen abtrünniger Division und Präsidentengarde - 16 August: On Tuesday in Saudi-Arabia Yemen's Saleh vows to return 'home soon' - 17. August: Vertreter verschiedener Gruppierungen aus ganz Jemen wählen einen 'Nationalrat' mit 143 Mitgliedern um 'die Revolution zu einem friedlichen Ende zu führen' - 21 August: Suicide bombings strike Yemen's south
September 2011: 4. September: Wieder Hunderttausende gegen Saleh - 9 September: Pro democracy rallies of hundreds of thousands in several cities on Friday - 12 September: Saleh authorises power transfer talks - 15 September: Renewed violence rocks Yemen, Sanaa and Aden - 18 September: Saleh said to sign Gulf Arab initiatve 'within a week' - main university occupied by protesters - 19 September: Many protesters shot dead in Sanaa - 19 September: More than 50 people killed in two days of violence against anti-government protesters - 20 September: Saleh forces 'shell Sanaa protest camp' - 20 September: 'Ceasefire' halts fighting in Sanaa - 21 September: Clashes erupt in Sanaa despite truce - 23 September: Saleh returns to Yemen - 25 September: UN calls for end to violence in Yemen - 26 September: Fresh protests rock Yemen after Saleh speech
October 2011: 7 October: Yemeni activist Tawakel Karman - 2011 Nobel Peace Price together with Liberian Ellen J. Sirleaf and Leymah Gbowee - 8. Oktober: Saleh kündigt Rücktritt an - 15 October: Ongoing deadly violence against protests in Yemen capital Sanaa - 19 October: More deaths in Yemen as Saleh forces fire on protesters - 22. Oktober: UN-Sicherheitsrat fordert Saleh zum Abgang auf - 23 October: Attacks on Yemen protests continue in Sanaa - 26 October: Yemen women burn veils in Sanaa in protest at Saleh's violence
November 2011: 3 November: Several reported killed in latest Yemeni clashes - 11 November: Several dead as Saleh's troops shell protesters - 23 November: Saleh arrives in Riyadh to sign Gulf initiative to hand power to his deputy Mansur Hadi - 23 November: As Saleh signs power-transfer deal abroad Yemenis express mixed reactions also rejecting a promise of immunity from prosecution - 24 November: Five people killed as demonstrators rally in Sanaa against power transfer deal promising Saleh immunity - 25 November: Fighting erupts in Yemen amid protests - 26 November: Yemen's vice president calls for snap elections of the new president on February 21
December 2011: 2 December: Saleh's forces in deadly clash with tribesmen supporting the protest movement in Taiz - 3 December: More deaths in Yemen violence - 11 December: Yemen transition government starts as 10 December: Activist Tawakul Karman gets Nobel Peace Price together with Leymah Gbowee and Ellen Johnson Sirleaf calling for worldwide change - 23 December: Yemenis march to 'bring down regime' - 30 December: Yemen mass demonstrations demand Saleh trial
January 2012: 12 January: Deadly violence between Shia rebels and Sunni fighters in north, as protests against president's immunity deal continue - NZZ 21. Januar: Yemeni 'change' - Saleh und seine Gefolgschaft gewähren sich Straffreiheit - 22 January: Yemeni 'change' - USA welcomes Saleh (visa 'has been approved') for medical care saying 'pardon' and wanting to return to Sanaa as head of the GPCP - 23 January: Yemen appointment sparks air force mutiny - "no to injustice, no to dictatorship, no to corruption" - 26 January: Many killed in Yemen clashes in Saada province - 31 January: Air strikes kill alleged al-Qaeda fighters in Yemen
February 2012: 7 February: Saleh pledges early return to Yemen - 19 February: Yemeni protesters continue fight for change, Hashem Ahelbarra reports from Sanaa - 21 février: Élection présidentielle pour tourner la page Saleh - 24. Februar: Jemens neuer Präsident Hadi wird am Samstag vereidigt - 27 February: Saleh formally hands over power to Hadi, elected in uncontested vote to replace him
March 2012: 4 March: At least 35 Yemeni soldiers have been killed in the south of the country in clashes with fighters linked to al-Qaeda, medics and officials said - NZZ 8. März: Der Uno-Gesandte für den Jemen Jamal Benomar warnt vor einer humanitären Krise - drei Millionen Menschen brauchten sofort Hilfe - 10 March: Suspected al-Qaeda fighters in southern Yemen have been targeted in air strikes - local sources claim the attacks in the Bayda area were carried out by US drones
April 2012: 6 April: Yemeni president Abd-Rabbu Mansour Hadi sacks ex-regime loyalists close to Ali Saleh - 11 April: At least 28 more al-Qaeda-linked fighters have been killed in clashes in southern Yemen, defence officials say - 19 April: There are rising tensions in Yemen even though the former president Saleh has been out of power since February
May 2012: 20 May: Fresh clashes with Al Qaeda fighters in the south have left at least 34 people dead, while a suspected US drone strike has killed two militants, Yemeni officials say - 21 May: A suicide bomber blew himself up at a military parade rehearsal in Yemen's capital, killing 96 people - 26. Mai: Schwere Armee-Offensive gegen Al-Kaida in Jemens Provinz Abjan
June 2012: 5 June: Yemeni forces advance on al-Qaeda-held town - 12 juin: L'armée entre à Jaar après le retrait d'Al-Qaïda
July 2012: 2 July: Yemen troops fire on unemployed protesters who demonstrated near an oilfield operated by French Total in the southeastern Hadramawt province, 10 wounded - 11 July: At least eight people have been killed in a suicide bomb attack at the police academy in the Yemeni capital Sanaa
August 2012: Bureau of Investigative Journalism, August 2012 update: Policeman Walid Abdullah Bin Ali Jaber and Salem Ahmed bin Ali Jaber, a mosque imam, were killed in a house in the eastern Hadramout province when a nearby car carrying alleged militants was destroyed - five of the six strikes in August were confirmed as US attacks by a variety of Yemeni officials - 6 February 2013: As Salem Ahmed bin Ali Jaber, Walid Abdullah Bin Ali Jaber and three alleged militants stood arguing by a cluster of palm trees in late August 2012, a volley of remotely operated US missiles shot down from the night sky and incinerated them all, along with a camel that was tied up nearby
September 2012: 2 September: Deaths including women and children in US drone strike near town of Radaa, in southern Yemen - 3. September: 14 Zivilisten durch Luftangriff 'irrtümlich' getötet, darunter drei Frauen und drei Kinder - 5 September: Drone strike targeting a house in the village of Al-Ain in Hadramawt province kills five people
October 2012: 13 October: Families of killed Yemenis demand Saleh trial - 18 October: Suspected US drone strikes kill 7 militants in southern Yemen - 19 October: At least 10 soldiers and 11 suspected al-Qaeda fighters killed in an attack on a military base in southern town of Shuqra
December 2012: 5 December: UN makes urgent call for Yemen's political parties to start the national dialogue conference, scheduled to take place in mid-November but delayed after factions in the Southern Movement refused to join the talks - 25 December: At least five people were killed in two drone strikes in south Yemen on Monday
January 2013: 19 January: A Yemeni tribunal specialising in terrorism began Saturday the trial of 21 suspected members of Al-Qaeda, including three Jordanians and an Egyptian, accused of attacks against security forces - 20 January: Three USA drone strikes killed eight people, including suspected militants (the others?), in the Yemen province of Marib, a tribal chief and witnesses say - 30 January: Two soldiers and 16 Al Qaeda militants killed as Yemen military attacks Al Qaeda kidnappers
April 2013: 18 April 2013: Two US drone strikes killed at least four suspected militants and destroyed the house of another in a mountainous area south of the capital Sanaa - 21 April: A USA drone strike and ensuing ground clashes killed three suspected militants and two soldiers
May 2013: 2 May: USA drone strikes in Yemen bring protests about civilian casualties - 19 May: A suspected US drone strike kills four suspected militants in Deyqa area in Abyan province - 20 May: USA drone strike killed two suspected Al Qaeda militants in the Khobza area of the central province of Baida
June 2013: 1 June: Two drone strikes kill seven in southern Yemen
July 2013: 28 July: An apparent US drone strike killed six suspected Al Qaeda militants, travelling in a two-vehicle convoy in Mahfad in the southern province of Abyan, a Yemeni military source says
August 2013: 6 August: A US drone strike has killed at least four suspected al-Qaeda fighters in Yemen's eastern Marib province - 6 August: Militants have shot down an army helicopter, killing all eight people on board including a military commander - 9 August: Five suspected al Qaeda militants were killed in a US drone strike in eastern Yemen, in an escalating campaign after recent warnings of possible attacks - 25 August: Bomb blast strikes Yemeni air force bus killing at least six people
September 2013: 20 September: Suspected Al Qaeda militants killed at least 56 soldiers and policemen in three simultaneous attacks in Shabwa province in southern Yemen
November/December 2013: 30 November: Thousands demonstrated in south Yemen's main city Aden on Saturday to demand a return to independence - 6 December 2013: 52 people, including medical staff and civilians, die as militants storm Yemen defence complex
2014: 21 April: Air strikes in Yemen kill 40 suspected al Qaeda militants in two days - 16 May 2014: Yemeni President Mansour Hadi says his country is an open war with al-Qaeda as one of the country's largest offensive against the terror group in south has been pushing militants out of their strongholds
Since August 2014: Yemen protests and violence 2014 - 21 September 2014: Following weeks of violence in Sanaa, Yemeni government reaches agreement with armed Shia Houthi rebels 'that will lay the foundations for national partnership and for security and stability' - 22 September: After signed peace deal Houthi rebels seize strategically important installations in Sana'a, including the defence ministry and the central bank - 27 September: Yemen's Hawthi rebels reportedly getting help from forces linked to Iran and Lebanese Shi'ite militia Hezbollah to boost their control of the capital Sana'a - 9 October: Yemen’s newly appointed PM Ahmed Awad Mubarak has turned down his nomination to prevent violence following strong opposition by Shiah rebels - 9 October: At least 20 killed in suicide attack in Yemeni capital Sanaa - 15 October: Advancing Houthi fighters reportedly in the city of Ibb, bordering al-Bayda province - 1/2 November: At least eight Yemeni soldiers and three suspected Al-Qaida militants in Yemen's western Hodeidah province
7 December: Al-Qaeda militants in Yemen murdered two hostages - USA photojournalist Luke Somers and South African teacher Pierre Korkie - during a rescue attempt
Since February 2015 Timeline of the Yemeni Civil War: Since February 2015 Timeline of the Yemeni Civil War
February 2015: 6 February: Yemen's Shi'ite Houthis announce takeover of country after dissolving parliament, installing 'presidential council' - 8 February: As thousands protest in Yemen, new Shi'ite rulers criticized over 'coup', UN Security Council action demanded - 11 February: Tens of thousands of demonstrators took to the streets of the central city of Taiz and hundreds more in the capital Sanaa in the largest protests yet against the Houthi movement, as British, French and USA embassies in Yemen close - 14 February: Yemen clashes kill 26 people as embassy closures continue - 16 February: UNSC demands Iranian-backed Houthi militia in Yemen 'immediately and unconditionally' withdraw from government - 20 February: Yemen parties agree on transitional council - 21 February: Houthi militiamen opened fire on protesters in the central Yemeni city of Ibb, killing one person and wounding another
March 2015: 14 March: Opponents of Yemen's Houthi militia announced the formation of a national alliance 'seeking to build a federal, democratic Yemen which rejects militias' - 20 March: Quadruple suicide attacks hit a pair of mosques controlled by Shiite rebels in Sanaa during the noon prayer, killing at least 137 people and wounding around 350 others - 22 March: Houthi fighters opposed to Yemen's president seized parts of the country's third largest city of Taiz overnight amid growing concern about a conflict involving Saudi Arabia and Iran - 22 March: Protests in Yemen's Taiz over presence of Shia Houthis - 23 March: Video recording of deadly Sanaa terrorist attack on Friday revealed that worshipers were chanting a slew of hateful slogans just as a suicide bomber detonated himself, killing scores of people - 25 March: Shi'ite Houthi rebels reportedly seize Yemen air base used in Al-Qaida fight
Since 25 March 2015: 2015 Arab military intervention in Yemen - 26 March: Saudi-led coalition attacks Houthi-controlled airport in Sanaa, declaring airspace a 'restricted zone' - 26 March: Yemen presidential loyalists retake Aden airport after heavy clashes with forces allied to Houthi rebels - 28 March: Saudi-led forces reportedly strike Iranian-backed Houthi military column heading to Aden - 30 March: As Saudi-led coalition's strikes continue after daybreak, also India, China prepare to evacuate nationals from Yemen - 30 March: Saudi-led forces blockade Yemen ports aiming to stop Houthis from rearming - 31 March: An air strike killed dozens of people at Al-Mazrak camp for displaced people in Hajja province in northwest Yemen, aid workers said, as Arab warplanes bombard rebels around the country - 31 March: Saudi-led coalition strikes Houthi targets across Yemen overnight
April 2015: 2 April: Houthi forces pull back from positions in central Aden after Saudi-led air strikes, residents say - 4 April: ICRC says that three shipments of aid and medical staff it is trying to send to Yemen were still blocked, as the UN says that some 519 people have been killed and nearly 1,700 injured in two weeks of fighting in Yemen - 5 April: Warplanes from Saudi-led coalition bombed Yemen's capital Sanaa overnight, while air strikes also hit areas along the border with Saudi Arabia and clashes in the eastern port town of Mukalla are reported - 6 April: Iranian backed Houthi militants made new gains in Aden on Sunday using snipers and heavy weapons, as Saudi-led coalition trying to halt their advance faced growing calls for a humanitarian pause in air strikes - 8 April: Al-Qaida reportedly making gains in Yemen amid turmoil - 10 April: Red Cross delivers first aid shipment to Yemen - 11 April: USA expands its intelligence-sharing with Saudi Arabia to provide more information about targets in the air campaign against Houthi militias in Yemen - 12 April: Saudi-led airstrikes targeting a military camp reportedly kill eight civilians in Taiz on Sunday, as Iranian-backed Houthis push to capture eastern province of Mareb, a key oil-producing area
20 April 2015: An air strike on a Scud missile base in Houthi-controlled Sanaa beside the Hadda district, home to the presidential palace and many embassies, triggered a big explosion that reportedly killed 25 people and wounded almost 400 - 21 April: Saudi-led coalition bombing Yemen announces end to its operation as King Salman orders the National Guard to take part in Saudi Arabian campaign against Iran-allied Houthi rebels in Yemen - 23 April: Saudi-led airstrikes hit Houthi targets north of Aden, including tanks of the Iranian-allied militia - 25 April: As Saudi-led warplanes kept up air strikes on Iranian-backed militia, an Iranian naval convoy suspected of carrying weapons for Shiite rebels turned back, USA says - 26 April: Saudi-led air strikes hit Yemeni capital Sanaa while warships reportedly pounded an area near the port of Aden - 26 April: Yemen militia make gains against Houthis in Taiz - 28 April: Houthi fighters blamed for renewed Saudi-led bombings by the USA, accusing them of using a relative lull in airstrikes meant to help set the stage for peace talks to instead pursue battlefield advances - 29 April: Twelve civilians reportedly killed by Houthi's tanks and sniper fire as Iranian-backed militia advancing into Yemen's Aden, as Houthi rulers also launched campaign against public figures, including Nobel Peace Prize laureate Tawakul Karman
May 2015: 1 May 2015: Bodies are strewn in the streets of Aden as health workers are unable to retrieve them for burial amid fierce clashes between Houthis and local defenders despite UN demands, officials say - 4 May: Five people reported killed in latest Saudi-led aistrikes in Yemen - 6 May: Planes from a Saudi-led coalition struck Yemeni provinces near the Saudi border overnight, killing at least 43 civilians, as aid agencies warn that fuel shortages could halt their work - 7 May: Yemen's Shi'ite rebels and their allies capture Aden presidential palace - 9 May: Saudi-led coalition conducts airstrikes on Saada after deadline - 10 May: Iranian-backed Houthi militia accepts Saudi-proposed five-day humanitarian cease-fire, after air strikes reportedly killed more than 1,300 people in Yemen, sent locals fleeing from their homes and destroyed infrastructure - 11 May: Yemen's Houthi militia and Saudi forces traded heavy artillery and rocket fire in border areas, a day before a five-day humanitarian truce was due to take effect - 12 May: Saudi-led air strikes targeting a base for army units loyal to the Houthis in Sanaa and Houthi positions in Aden - 13 May: Yemen truce broadly holds, but violations reported - 15 May: Clashes in Yemen mar truce as UN envoy pushes for talks - 17 May: After at least 10 people killed in overnight fighting in Yemen's Taiz UN's Yemen envoy calls for truce to be extended for five days - 18 May: Saudi-led coalition resumes airstrikes after the Houthi militia and its allies reportedly violated the truce - 19 May: Saudi-led air raids hit Sanaa overnight, targeting forces loyal to former President Saleh after Houthi militia launched new attacks - 20 May: Saudi-led coalition's warplanes reportedly carried out the most sustained bombardment of Sanaa in nearly two months, hitting army bases and weapons depots - 22 May: Saudi-led warplanes extended air strikes on Iranian-backed Houthi militia in Sanaa - 31 May: Saudi-led coalition struck military bases aligned with Iranian-backed Houthis in Sanaa overnight and early Sunday morning
June 2015: 1 June 2015: Saudi-led coalition launches air strikes on Monday against Houthi militia positions in the north, center and south of Yemen - 2 June: Yemen tribesmen claim to kill 18 Houthi fighters in an ambush in the central province of Ibb - 3 juin: Des raids intenses provoquent un incendie à Sanaa - 5 June: Houthis agree to UN peace talks without preconditions, provisionally scheduled for June 14 and which the exiled government confirmed it too would attend - 6 June: Saudi Arabia shoots down Scud fired by Houthis in the direction of Khamees al-Mushait - 7 June: Saudi-led coalition have targeted the headquarters of Yemen's armed forces in rebel-held Sanaa - 11 June: Saudi-led airstrikes this week kill at least 20 Yemeni civilians, increasingly caught in the crossfire, as 80% of Yemen's population or more than 20 million in war-torn Yemen need humanitarian aid according to UNICEF - 14 June: Iranian-backed Houthi forces and their army allies seize the capital of a large desert province on the border with Saudi Arabia, residents say - 17 June: At least 31 people killed by suicide bombings claimed by 'Islamic State' terrorists in Yemen's capital Sanaa - 19 June: Heavy airstrikes across Yemen kill 10 civilians, as UN's Yemen peace talks in Geneva end without a ceasefire agreement - 21 June: 15 people killed by Saudi-led airstrikes across Yemen - 22 June: Arab coalition airstrikes target Iranian-backed Houthi rebels across Yemen - 24 June: Army forces loyal to Yemen's exiled president seized a border crossing with Saudi Arabia - 28 June: A Saudi soldier killed and another wounded by shelling from Saleh forces and Houthis near the Yemen border - 1 July: UN declares its highest-level humanitarian emergency in Yemen where over 80% of the population need assistance, as shells fired by Houthis kill 18 people, wounding at least 30, near the southern port city of Aden - 4 July: Yemen's Houthis attack Saudi Arabia's Najran and Jizan, killing and wounding several soldiers - 6 July: Saudi-led air raids pounded the Sanaa headquarters of Yemen's former president Saleh's General People's Congress party, killing and wounding several people - 9 July: Humanitarian truce will go into effect on Friday night, days after UN declared Yemen a level-3 humanitarian emergency, and last until the end of Ramadan on 17 July - 11 July: Fighting breaks UN ceasefire less than one day after it took effect - 13 July: Saudi-led air raids reportedly killed 21 civilians in Yemen's capital Sanaa on Monday morning, two days after the start of UN-brokered humanitarian truce that Saudi government does not recognise - 15 July: Yemeni fighters backed by a Saudi-led coalition mobilize troops, weapons and armored vehicles to wrest back the whole of Aden from Houthi forces after taking part of the southern port city - 16 July: Some exiled government ministers and officials return to Yemen's Aden - 18 July: Anti-Houthi army forces and local fighters advance in Yemen amid heavy Arab air strikes - 19 July: 30 people killed and another 24 injured as Iranian-backed Shiite Houthi group attacked a military base loyal to Yemen’s President Hadi in the southern province of Taiz - 20 July: A bombardment in Aden by the Houthi militia and forces loyal to former president Saleh kills 43 people and injures 173, Yemen's exiled government says two days after declaring the city had been liberated - 20 July: Local fighters and army units backed by Yemen's exiled government take control of Tawahi, the last district of central Aden still held by Iranian-backed Houthi militia - 26 July: Saudi state media announces five-day humanitarian pause in fighting at the request of Yemen's Hadi after Friday night raid allegedly targeted civilians in quiet Red Sea town - 26 July: Yemen truce in doubt as Houthis reject coalition ceasefire - 2 August: Exiled Yemen PM Khaled Bahah makes symbolic Aden visit to lead restoration - 3 August: Pro-Hadi forces recapture Yemen's al-Anad military and air base after heavy fighting - 6 August: Anti-Houthi fighters seize about 10 southern villages from Iran-backed Houthi forces, pursuing their offensive - 9 August: Yemen pro-government forces launch Abyan offensive - 11 August: Anti-Houthi fighters seize 6 districts in the central province of Ibb, bringing them closer to Sanaa - 16 August: Forces loyal to Yemen's exiled government retook southern Shabwa province, extending recent gains against Iran-backed Houthis - 17 August: Anti-Houthi fighters seize Yemen's third city of Taiz - 23 August: Dozens of people, mostly civilians, have been killed in fighting and air strikes in Yemen's Houthi-held third city Taez - 26 August: Cluster munitions in Hajja caused civilian casualties both during the attacks probably targeting Houthi fighters and afterward, when civilians picked up unexploded submunitions that detonated, rights group says - 5 September: Saudi-led coalition planes hit Houthi-controlled government buildings and forces loyal to Saleh in Sanaa overnight after at least 50 coalition soldiers were killed - 10 September: Saudi-led coalition raids target houses of leaders in the Iran-allied Houthi movement in Sanaa and military bases - 29 September: Death toll from air strike on Yemen wedding party in the Red Sea village of Al-Wahijah rises above 130 - 30 September: Tribal fighters backed by a Saudi-coalition won control of a strategic dam in central Yemen from Houthi forces but reportedly lost ground in the south near the port of Aden - 15 October 2015: Iranian-backed Houthi forces fired a ballistic missile at a military base near the city of Khamees Mushait in Saudi-Arabia on Thursday - 15 October: Saudi warplanes targeted launchers in Yemen's Sana’a after Houthi rebels fired a Scud missile at an airbase across the border in a sudden escalation of a war that is taking a mounting toll on civilians - 27 October: A Yemeni hospital run by medical aid group Medecins Sans Frontieres bombed in a Saudi-led air strike, wrecking the facility and wounding several people - 8 November 2015: More than 50 people including many civilians were killed in Yemen in the past two days in ongoing fighting as relief workers say fighting has blocked food supplies and left thousands of people in extreme hunger - 5 December: UN food agency warns that food supplies in Yemen are deteriorating quickly and the country is at risk of slipping into famine - 6 December: Yemen's Aden province governor Jaafar Mohammed Saad killed on Sunday when a suicide bomber rammed his car into the governor's convoy in the western part of Aden city, as UN-backed Yemen peace talks to convene December 15 - 10 December: Arab coalition forces reportedly captured a Yemeni Red Sea archipelago used by Iran-allied Houthis for storing and smuggling weapons into Yemen - 19 décembre: Les forces progouvernementales se rapprochent de la capitale Sanaa
2016: 10 January 2016: A missile hit a health centre operated by Medecins Sans Frontieres in northern Yemen on Sunday, killing four people and wounding 10 others - 13 March: Air strikes killed at least seventeen suspected Al-Qaida militants overnight in the southern Yemeni port city of Aden, also wounding at least twenty civilians and militants as well as three security forces members - 25 March: Saudi-led military intervention following Iran-allied Houthis' campaign in Yemen has killed an estimated 6,400 people, half of them civilians, injured 30,000 more, displaced 2.5 million, and leaves 80% of Yemen population needing aid, according to the UN - 26 March: Three 'Islamic State' suicide bombers have struck security checkpoints in the southern Yemeni city of Aden, killing at least 26 people, most of them civilians
Since 27 March 2016: 27 March 2016: Tens of thousands of protesters took to the streets of the capital Sanaa on Saturday to mark the first anniversary of the war between a coalition led by Saudi Arabia against Iran-allied fighters who had overthrown the government, that has killed thousands of Yemenis - 27 March: USA drone attacks killed eight men suspected of belonging to al Qaeda in southern Yemen, local residents say, as a USA campaign against the militant group goes on amid a wider civil war in the country - 10 avril: Cessez-le-feu parrainé par l'ONU est entré en vigueur - 15 April: Yemeni forces backed by helicopters wrested the city of Houta from al Qaeda fighters after a gun battle - 28 June 2016: Islamic State terrorists claim responsibility for bombings in southern port city of Mukalla that targeted security forces and that killed at least 43 people and wounding several others, as UN's Ban Ki-moon tries to revive peace process in Kuwait - 6 July 2016: At least six Yemeni troops and around 20 militant attackers killed in an assault on a military base near the international airport of Aden - 29 July 2016: Yemen's government says that peace talks underway since April had ended without agreement after Houthi rebels and their allies formed a 10-member 'supreme council' to run the war-torn nation - 31 juillet 2016: Les pourparlers de paix pour le Yémen, infructueux depuis avril, ont été prolongés d'une semaine à Koweït en dépit de tentatives d'incursion samedi de rebelles chiites yéménites en Arabie saoudite qui ont fait sept morts parmi les soldats saoudiens - 9 August: Saudi-led airstrikes on Yemen food factory in the capital Sana’a kill at least 14 people working there, mostly women - 15 August: At least 11 people have been killed and 19 injured in an airstrike by the Saudi-led coalition, that includes USA, UK and Sunni Arab allies, on a Yemeni hospital supported by Médecins Sans Frontières as the conflict escalates following the collapse of peace talks - 20 August 2016: Tens of thousands of Yemenis rally in Sana’a, as the head of the Houthi group’s new governing council vows to form a full government in the coming days and the G18 group of nations that has backed UN peace talks issues a statement condemning 'unconstitutional and unilateral actions in Sana’a' - 29 August: A suicide bomber killed at least 45 people when he drove a car laden with explosives into a compound run by local militias in Aden, according to Medecins Sans Frontieres - 11 September: At least 21 civilians were killed in two separate air strikes by the Saudi-led coalition in northern Yemen, according to residents - 9 October 2016: Saudi-led warplanes struck a funeral at a community hall in Yemen's Sanaa, killing over 140 mourners and injuring hundreds, according to local health officials cited by UN, as the attack prompts a strong rebuke from the USA - 17 October 2016: Hours after Britain and the USA called for an immediate ceasefire as they tried to seize on outrage caused by the killing of 140 people in a Saudi airstrike, Yemen's president Mansour Hadi, has agreed to a 72-hour ceasefire with the possibility of it being extended, if Iran-backed Houthis adhere to it, activate the DCC and lift the siege of Taiz - 16 novembre 2016: Les combats s'intensifient au Yémen, Au moins 51 personnes ont été tuées dans de violents combats entre rebelles houthistes soutenus par l'Iran et forces loyalistes - 18 November 2016: More than 20 civilians were killed in the shelling of a busy market in the war-torn Yemeni city of Taiz, including a member of an international aid group - 19 November 2016: Saudi-led coalition announces 48-hour ceasefire in Yemen - 18 December 2016: Suicide bombing in Yemen's Aden kills 43 soldiers, wounding 60 others
December 2017: 2 décembre 2017: De nouveaux affrontements armés entre les deux composantes du camp rebelle yéménite, les Houthis et les partisans de l'ex-président Saleh, ont éclaté vendredi soir à Sanaa après l'échec de négociations - 3 December 2017: Iran-backed militants battle forces loyal to former president Saleh for the fourth straight day in Yemen’s capital Sanaa, as Saleh says he is ready to open a 'new page' with Saudi coalition after breaking with Houthis - 3 décembre 2017: En bombardant des positions des Houthis à Sanaa, la coalition saoudienne a apporté pour la première fois un soutien aux forces de Saleh qui combattent depuis peu les miliciens pro-iraniens - 5 December 2017: Iran-backed Houthis murdered their onetime ally Ali Abdullah Saleh, the country’s former president - 5 December 2017: Heavy airstrikes by the Saudi-led coalition pounded Yemen's capital overnight, targeting Sanaa's densely populated neighborhoods in apparent retaliation for the killing of the former Yemeni president by Houthis - 5 December 2017: Houthi rebels fighting their former allies in Sana’a have moved against a group of diehard loyalists of the killed former president, as resentment towards the Houthis appears to be building and people who have not been paid salaries for more than a year have become extremely frustrated by the stalemated conflict - 25 décembre 2017: Après le tir d'un deuxième missile balistique sur Ryad les avions de la coalition ont bombardé pour la première fois le palais présidentiel à Sanaa, où les Houthis se sont réunis, et plus de 60 Houthis et soldats pro-gouvernement ont été tués en 24 heures sur les fronts de la province de Hodeida - 27 décembre 2017: Au moins 14 civils ont été tués sur un marché dans l'ouest du Yémen dans un raid attribué à l'aviation de la coalition menée par l'Arabie saoudite qui combat les rebelles Houthis - 28 décembre 2017: Deux raids mardi ont massacré au Yémen 68 civils dont de nombreux enfants
June 2018 Battle of Al Hudaydah: Since 13 June 2018 Battle of Al Hudaydah - 13 June 2018: Supporting ground operations by Yemeni troops massed south of the Red Sea port of Hodeidah, coalition warplanes and warships were carrying out strikes on Iran-backed Houthi fortifications - 16 June 2018: Arab coalition close to capturing Hodeidah airport - 19/20 June 2018: Saudi-backed Yemeni government forces have captured the airport at Hodeidah and have started preparations for the more complex task of capturing the city and its port, after UN envoy failed to broker ceasefire with Iran-backed Houthis, that would have seen the port taken under UN control, and as UN's Assad supporting Guterres praises the 'UN’s human rights architecture', playing 'a very important role in the promotion and protection of human rights worldwide'
August 2018: 3 August 2018: The death toll after attacks in the port city of Al Hudaydah reportedly increased to at least 55 people, as Saudi-led coalition denied responsibility for the attacks and blamed the Houthi rebels who control the port - 9 August 2018: Dozens dead in Yemen as bus carrying children hit by airstrike at market in Dahyan - 9 août 2018: L'Arabie saoudite a abattu un missile tiré par les houthis, les débris de l'engin ont tué un Yéménite et ont blessé onze autres personnes - 13 août 2018: Des milliers de Yéménites ont crié leur colère contre l'Arabie saoudite et les Etats-Unis en participant lundi aux funérailles d'enfants tués lors d'un raid aérien - 14 août 2018: Le raid aérien attribué à la coalition menée par l'Arabie saoudite a fait 51 morts, dont 40 enfants, et 79 blessés, dont 56 enfants, selon CICR - 25 août 2018: Au moins 22 enfants et quatre femmes sont morts dans une frappe alors qu'ils fuyaient les combats dans la région d'Al-Douraïhimi, au sud de la ville de Hodeida - 29 August 2018: Yemeni government condemns Houthis for prohibiting delivery of aid to Hodeidah
November 2018: 7 November 2018: Battle rages in Yemen's vital port of Hodeidah, as Iranian-backed Houthis laid an estimated 1m landmines, raided the city’s May 22 hospital, set up sniper positions on the roof, as about 100 coalition airstrikes hit civilian areas of Hodeidah, and as civilian deaths reportedly have risen by 164% since June - 10 November 2018: Yemeni forces announce new push to take Hodeidah back from rebel Houthi fighters - 11 November 2018: Fighting in Yemen city of Hodeidah 'reaches residential streets' - 15 November 2018: Yemeni government halted the offensive on the lifeline port of Hodeidah, supporting talks but saying 'to liberate Hodeidah is inevitable' - 19 November 2018: Houthi rebels said they were halting drone and missile attacks on Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and their Yemeni allies, responding to a demand from the UN and raising prospects for peace talks - 19 novembre 2018: Le gouvernement yéménite va participer aux négociations de paix avec les rebelles houthis proposées par l'ONU en Suède - 20 November 2018: Despite UN ceasefire calls, fighting returns to Hodeidah, Yemen and Saudi Arabia, including fired ballistic missiles, airstrikes and street fighting
May 2019: 11 May 2019: Yemen’s Houthi rebels will begin a pullback from ports in the flashpoint city of Hodeida on Saturday, the first practical step on the ground since a ceasefire deal was reached in December, according to UN - 12 mai 2019: Les rebelles Houthis auraient commencé à quitter trois ports au Yémen, même si l'ONU n'en est pas encore sûre à 100% - 15 May 2019: Residents in Hodeidah are cautiously hoping that the Yemeni city will be spared future bloodshed as a long-awaited withdrawal by Iranian backed Houthi rebel forces appeared to be proceeding according to plan - 15 May 2019: Renewed clashes broke out between Houthi rebel fighters and Saudi-backed pro-government forces in Hodeidah on Wednesday, breaching the ceasefire and potentially threatening the withdrawal agreement - 16 mai 2019: La coalition menée par l'Arabie saoudite a mené jeudi des raids aériens au Yémen notamment sur Sanaa, moins de 48 heures après une attaque de drones sur un oléoduc pétrolier saoudien, revendiquée par les rebelles houthis
Since 11 August 2019 new civil war within civil war: 11 août 2019: Les violences impliquant combattants séparatistes et soldats gouvernementaux yéménites ont fait depuis jeudi quelque 40 morts et 260 blessés, dont de nombreux civils, dans la ville d'Aden - 14 August 2019: 'Scores' of people were killed and hundreds wounded during recent fighting in Yemen’s key port of Aden when southern separatists, trained by the UAE, seized key locations of the city from Saudi-backed government forces - 17 août 2019: Le siège du gouvernement, celui du Conseil suprême de la justice et celui de la Banque centrale ainsi que l'hôpital d'Aden ont été évacués par les séparatistes au Yémen - 28 août 2019: Les forces du gouvernement entrent à Aden - 29 août 2019: Les séparatistes reprennent la ville d'Aden - 29 August 2019: Intense fighting has broken out between former allies in a battle for control of Yemen’s interim capital Aden, as Yemeni troops also hit by airstrikes, threatening to open a new front in the war and raising fears for civilians’ safety
Foreign relations of Yemen: Foreign relations of Yemen
Treaties of Yemen: Treaties of Yemen
International organization membership of Yemen: International organization membership of Yemen
Yemen/United Nations relations: Yemen/United Nations relations
2015: 14 April 2015: In a resolution approved in a 14-0 vote without Russian support, UN Security Council imposes arms embargo on Houthi rebels in Yemen, also demanding all Yemeni factions to end violence and resume UN-brokered negotiations - 17 April 2015: UN's Ban Ki-moon calls for an immediate halt to the fighting in Yemen, seeking a new UN envoy who can broker a political end to the conflict - 15 June 2015: At the opening of consultations on the situation in Yemen, UN's Ban Ki-moon says in Geneva international community has 'obligation to act' for Yemen peace - 20 August 2015: UN says air strikes on Yemen port could worsen aid crisis, as more than 21 million people in Yemen need help, some 80% of the population - 11 September 2015: UN says Yemen peace talks set to resume next week - 15 décembre: Les pourparlers de paix entre parties yémenites sous l'égide de l'ONU ont commencé mardi matin en Suisse
Bilateral relations of Yemen: Bilateral relations of Yemen
Yemen/Egypt relations: Yemen/Egypt relations
Yemen/France relations: Yémen/France relations - 15 January 2015: Yemen's Al-Qaeda claims 2015 Paris terror attacks
Yemen/Iran relations: Yemen/Iran relations
Since March 2015 Yemeni Civil War following Houthis' coup d'état: Since March 2015 Yemeni Civil War following Iran-backed Houthis' coup d'état
Yemen/Israel relations: Yemen/Israel relations
Yemen/Oman relations: Yemen/Oman relations
Yemen/Saudi Arabia relations: Yemen/Saudi Arabia relations
History of the Arabian Peninsula before and during Muslim conquests: History of the Arabian Peninsula before and during Muslim conquests
Since 622 Muslim conquests and Islamization: Since 622 Muslim conquests - Islamization
Modern history of the Arabian Peninsula: Modern history of the Arabian Peninsula
Since 14 September 2019 Iranian Abqaiq-Khurais attack, claimed by Houthis: 14 September 2019 Abqaiq-Khurais attack, a drone attack that targeted the Saudi Aramco oil factories in eastern Saudi Arabia - 14 September 2019: After previous attacks by Yemen’s Houthis and amid tensions between Iranian regime and USA, Iranian-backed Houthis attack oil processing facility in Saudi Arabia and a major oilfield operated by Saudi Aramco, causing major fire at world's largest oil refinery crucial to global energy supplies - 15 September 2019: USA secretary of state Pompeo accuses Iran of 'unprecedented attack’ on Saudi oil facilities, saying there is no evidence the attacks came from Yemen, as global supplies of oil are likely to suffer a 'major jolt' following Saturday’s attack by a swarm of explosive drones on the world’s biggest oil processing plant
13 July 2020 Yemen's Iran-backed Houthis attack Saudi oil facility: 13 July 2020: Yemen's Iran-backed Houthis say they hit Saudi oil facility in drone, missile attack
Yemen/Somalia relations: Yemen/Somalia relations
Yemen/Syria relations: Yemen/Syria relations
2013 desperate Syrian refugees beg on Yemen's streets: 26 September 2013: Poor and desperate, Syrian refugees beg on Yemen's streets
Yemen/Ukraine relations: Yemen/Ukraine relations
Yemen/United Arab Emirates relations: Yemen/United Arab Emirates relations
April-May 2018 United Arab Emirates takeover of Socotra: April-May 2018 United Arab Emirates takeover of Socotra
Yemen/United Kingdom relations: Yemen/United Kingdom relations
1869–1969 British Aden Protectorate: British Aden Protectorate 1869–1969
2013/2014: 20 January 2013: Three USA drone strikes killed eight people, including suspected militants (the others?), in the Yemen province of Marib, a tribal chief and witnesses say
18 April 2013: Two US drone strikes killed at least four suspected militants and destroyed the house of another in a mountainous area south of the capital Sanaa - 21 April: A US drone strike and ensuing ground clashes killed three suspected militants and two soldiers - 1 June: Two drone strikes kill seven in southern Yemen - 6 August: US and UK call on citizens to leave Gulf Arab nation immediately, as reported US drone strike kills several in Yemen - 9 August: Five suspected al Qaeda militants were killed in a US drone strike in eastern Yemen, in an escalating campaign after recent warnings of possible attacks - 10 November: Five suspected al-Qaida fighters die in southern stronghold of Abyan during US drone strikes, local officials claim - 12 December: At least 13 people heading to wedding party and mistaken for al-Qaida, killed in USA drone strike in the Yemeni city of Radda, the capital of Bayda province - 6 December 2014: American, South African hostages die in rescue attempt in Yemen
2015: 10 February: A 13-year-old boy killed in Yemen by a CIA drone strike had told British newspaper just months earlier that he lived in constant fear of the USA 'death machines' in the sky that had already killed his father and teenage brother - 22 March 2015: USA evacuates its remaining personnel, including about 100 'special operations forces', from Yemen because of the deteriorating security situation there, USA officials say
Ecoregions in Yemen: List of ecoregions in Yemen
Natural disasters in Yemen: Natural disasters in Yemen
May 2018 Cyclone Mekunu: May 2018 Cyclone Mekunu










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